Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format

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|subcat=E-Mail, newsgroups, and forums
 
|subcat=E-Mail, newsgroups, and forums
 
|mimetypes={{mimetype|application/vnd.ms-tnef}}
 
|mimetypes={{mimetype|application/vnd.ms-tnef}}
|extensions={{ext|dat}}
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|extensions={{ext|dat}}, {{ext|tnef}}
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|wikidata={{wikidata|Q1601331}}
 
}}
 
}}
 
'''Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format''' (TNEF) is a proprietary format used by Microsoft mail software to encode attachments and rich text, instead of more standards-compliant methods such as [[MIME]].
 
'''Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format''' (TNEF) is a proprietary format used by Microsoft mail software to encode attachments and rich text, instead of more standards-compliant methods such as [[MIME]].
  
It is usually implemented as an attachment called '''winmail.dat''' or '''win.dat''', which Microsoft programs know what to do with, but is a useless and confusing attachment to everybody else (unless they use one of several programs and plugins that have been devised to help non-MS-ers cope with it).
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It is usually implemented as an attachment called '''winmail.dat''' or '''win.dat''', which Microsoft programs know what to do with, but is a useless and confusing attachment to everybody else (unless they use one of several programs and plugins that have been devised to help non-MS-ers cope with it). When saved elsewhere as archives or samples, sometimes the .tnef file extension is used.
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== Identification ==
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Such mail files start with signature bytes {{magic|0x78 0x9f 0x3e 0x22}}.
  
 
== Software ==
 
== Software ==
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* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/tnef/ TNEF]: An open source TNEF decoder utility
 
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/tnef/ TNEF]: An open source TNEF decoder utility
 
* [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/addon/lookout/ Lookout]: Thunderbird addon to read TNEF (based on the above TNEF decoder utility)
 
* [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/addon/lookout/ Lookout]: Thunderbird addon to read TNEF (based on the above TNEF decoder utility)
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* [http://www.eolsoft.com/download/ Winmail Opener]
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* [https://github.com/Yeraze/ytnef ytnef]: TNEF command-line extractor
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* {{XAD}}
  
 
== Sample files ==
 
== Sample files ==
 
* http://libxad.cvs.sourceforge.net/viewvc/libxad/testfiles/MS-TNEF/
 
* http://libxad.cvs.sourceforge.net/viewvc/libxad/testfiles/MS-TNEF/
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* https://github.com/koodaamo/tnefparse/tree/master/tests/examples
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* {{DexvertSamples|archive/tnef}}
  
 
== Links and references ==
 
== Links and references ==
 
* [[Wikipedia:Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format|Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (Wikipedia)]]
 
* [[Wikipedia:Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format|Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (Wikipedia)]]
 
* [http://www.modemhelp.net/newsletter/email/winmaildat.shtml How to turn off winmail.dat attachments]
 
* [http://www.modemhelp.net/newsletter/email/winmaildat.shtml How to turn off winmail.dat attachments]
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* [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/exchange_server_protocols/ms-oxtnef MS-TNEF format specifications]
  
 
[[Category:Microsoft]]
 
[[Category:Microsoft]]
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[[Category:File formats with a distinctive filename]]

Latest revision as of 10:52, 12 April 2024

File Format
Name Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format
Ontology
Extension(s) .dat, .tnef
MIME Type(s) application/vnd.ms-tnef
Wikidata ID Q1601331

Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (TNEF) is a proprietary format used by Microsoft mail software to encode attachments and rich text, instead of more standards-compliant methods such as MIME.

It is usually implemented as an attachment called winmail.dat or win.dat, which Microsoft programs know what to do with, but is a useless and confusing attachment to everybody else (unless they use one of several programs and plugins that have been devised to help non-MS-ers cope with it). When saved elsewhere as archives or samples, sometimes the .tnef file extension is used.

Contents

[edit] Identification

Such mail files start with signature bytes 0x78 0x9f 0x3e 0x22.

[edit] Software

  • Fentun: Freeware Windows program to decode this attachment
  • TNEF: An open source TNEF decoder utility
  • Lookout: Thunderbird addon to read TNEF (based on the above TNEF decoder utility)
  • Winmail Opener
  • ytnef: TNEF command-line extractor
  • XAD framework

[edit] Sample files

[edit] Links and references

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