PICT
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|extensions={{ext|pict}}, {{ext|pct}}, {{ext|pic}} | |extensions={{ext|pict}}, {{ext|pct}}, {{ext|pic}} | ||
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/341}}, {{PRONOM|x-fmt/80}} | |pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/341}}, {{PRONOM|x-fmt/80}} | ||
| + | |wikidata={{wikidata|Q2044200}} | ||
|released=1984 | |released=1984 | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | '''PICT''', or '''QuickDraw/PICT''', is a graphics | + | '''PICT''', or '''QuickDraw/PICT''', is a graphics format native to Macintosh computers. It is associated with the QuickDraw API. |
Though it is a vector format, it is often used as if it were a raster format. Many files contain just a single bitmap image. | Though it is a vector format, it is often used as if it were a raster format. Many files contain just a single bitmap image. | ||
PICT format is complicated and quirky. Although plenty of documentation about it exists, there does not appear to be any single source that provides a reasonably clear and complete specification. | PICT format is complicated and quirky. Although plenty of documentation about it exists, there does not appear to be any single source that provides a reasonably clear and complete specification. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Format details == | ||
| + | When PICT is used as a standalone file format, the file usually starts with an unused 512-byte header, usually with all bytes set to 0. When PICT is embedded as a resource inside some other format, this header is usually not present. | ||
== Identification == | == Identification == | ||
| − | A version 1 PICT file has (hex) bytes {{magic|11 01}} at offset 522, and | + | A version 1 PICT file has (hex) bytes {{magic|11 01}} at offset 522 (or 10 if there is no header), and should end with {{magic|ff}}. |
| − | A version 2 PICT file has bytes {{magic|00 11 02 ff 0c 00}} at offset 522, and | + | A version 2 PICT file has bytes {{magic|00 11 02 ff 0c 00}} at offset 522 (or 10 if there is no header), and should end with {{magic|00 ff}}. |
== Application data == | == Application data == | ||
| Line 33: | Line 37: | ||
* Many bitmap images are compressed using [[PackBits]]. | * Many bitmap images are compressed using [[PackBits]]. | ||
* Opcodes 0x8200 and 0x8201 use a format based on [[QuickTime]] or [[QTIF]]. This, in turn, is often used as a wrapper for an image in [[JPEG]] format. | * Opcodes 0x8200 and 0x8201 use a format based on [[QuickTime]] or [[QTIF]]. This, in turn, is often used as a wrapper for an image in [[JPEG]] format. | ||
| + | * [[Macintosh resource file]] - Often contains "PICT" resources in this format | ||
* PICT is used for graphics stored within [[Keynote]] documents. | * PICT is used for graphics stored within [[Keynote]] documents. | ||
* [[Encapsulated PostScript]] | * [[Encapsulated PostScript]] | ||
| Line 45: | Line 50: | ||
== Software == | == Software == | ||
| − | + | === Vector-based software === | |
| + | (software that can process PICT vectors as vectors) | ||
* [[Scribus]] | * [[Scribus]] | ||
| + | * [https://www.libreoffice.org/ LibreOffice] | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Other software === | ||
* [[Netpbm]] | * [[Netpbm]] | ||
| − | * [[ImageMagick]] | + | * [[ImageMagick]] (for PICT v2) |
| + | * [https://github.com/steventroughtonsmith/image2pict1 image2pict1] (for PICT v1) | ||
* [http://www.irfanview.com/ IrfanView] | * [http://www.irfanview.com/ IrfanView] | ||
| + | * {{Deark}} (for analysis, resource extraction) | ||
| + | * [[XnView]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Converting == | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Converting from PICT === | ||
| + | |||
| + | An image can be converted from a PICT using [[ImageMagick]]: | ||
| + | convert image.pict image.png | ||
| + | This example shows a [[PNG]] image as the destination image, but ImageMagick supports many other output formats. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Converting to PICT === | ||
| + | |||
| + | An image can be converted to a PICT using ImageMagick: | ||
| + | convert image.png image.pict | ||
| + | This example shows a PNG image as the source image, but ImageMagick supports many other input formats. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Using converted images on a classic Mac system ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Once converted, the image can then be added to a HFS disk image using [https://linux.die.net/man/1/hfsutils hfsutils]: | ||
| + | hmount disk.img # mount the HFS disk | ||
| + | hcopy ./image.pict :image.pic # copy the PICT image to the disk | ||
| + | hattrib -t PICT -c 8BIM :image.pic # set the type and creator codes to ensure that the image is recognised by Mac OS | ||
| + | humount # unmount the disk | ||
== Sample files == | == Sample files == | ||
| Line 56: | Line 90: | ||
* http://cd.textfiles.com/fantaziasampler/CLIPART/PCT/ - Version 1 | * http://cd.textfiles.com/fantaziasampler/CLIPART/PCT/ - Version 1 | ||
* http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/geology/lazarus/ch7/pict_plots/ - Vector-only PICTs | * http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/geology/lazarus/ch7/pict_plots/ - Vector-only PICTs | ||
| + | * {{DexvertSamples|image/pict}} | ||
| + | * [https://archive.org/details/parsons-photo-pics-on-cd-rom-macintosh Photo Pics PICT format for Macintosh] | ||
== Resources == | == Resources == | ||
* {{EGFF|macpict|Macintosh PICT File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]] | * {{EGFF|macpict|Macintosh PICT File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]] | ||
| − | * [ | + | * [https://exiftool.org/TagNames/PICT.html ExifTool: PICT Tags] |
* [[Wikipedia:PICT|Wikipedia article]] | * [[Wikipedia:PICT|Wikipedia article]] | ||
[[Category:Macintosh]] | [[Category:Macintosh]] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:14, 20 May 2024
PICT, or QuickDraw/PICT, is a graphics format native to Macintosh computers. It is associated with the QuickDraw API.
Though it is a vector format, it is often used as if it were a raster format. Many files contain just a single bitmap image.
PICT format is complicated and quirky. Although plenty of documentation about it exists, there does not appear to be any single source that provides a reasonably clear and complete specification.
Contents |
[edit] Format details
When PICT is used as a standalone file format, the file usually starts with an unused 512-byte header, usually with all bytes set to 0. When PICT is embedded as a resource inside some other format, this header is usually not present.
[edit] Identification
A version 1 PICT file has (hex) bytes 11 01 at offset 522 (or 10 if there is no header), and should end with ff.
A version 2 PICT file has bytes 00 11 02 ff 0c 00 at offset 522 (or 10 if there is no header), and should end with 00 ff.
[edit] Application data
Custom application data can be stored in PICT files by using the "LongComment" opcode. Each comment has an integer that identifies its "kind".
Notable comment kinds:
- 100 is an Application Comment (see below).
- 220 is used for ICC profile data.
- 498 appears to be related to Photoshop, though it might also be used for other things.
The "kind" does little to identify the application, or prevent collisions. A better way is to use kind 100, which has a standard way to include a 4-byte application signature.
[edit] Related formats
- Many bitmap images are compressed using PackBits.
- Opcodes 0x8200 and 0x8201 use a format based on QuickTime or QTIF. This, in turn, is often used as a wrapper for an image in JPEG format.
- Macintosh resource file - Often contains "PICT" resources in this format
- PICT is used for graphics stored within Keynote documents.
- Encapsulated PostScript
[edit] Specifications
- Inside Macintosh: Imaging With QuickDraw
- PICT File Format Notes
- Macintosh Technical Note QD14 (a.k.a. TN21): QuickDraw's Internal Picture Definition - PICT version 1 (from archive.org)
- PICT.ZIP - Probably a lot of information here, but in inconvenient formats
- Macintosh Technical Note QD06 (a.k.a TN181): Every Picture [Comment] Tells Its Story, Don't It? - PICT Application Comments (from archive.org)
- HELIOS ICC profile tagging specifications - Tells how to embed an ICC profile in a PICT file
[edit] Software
[edit] Vector-based software
(software that can process PICT vectors as vectors)
[edit] Other software
- Netpbm
- ImageMagick (for PICT v2)
- image2pict1 (for PICT v1)
- IrfanView
- Deark (for analysis, resource extraction)
- XnView
[edit] Converting
[edit] Converting from PICT
An image can be converted from a PICT using ImageMagick:
convert image.pict image.png
This example shows a PNG image as the destination image, but ImageMagick supports many other output formats.
[edit] Converting to PICT
An image can be converted to a PICT using ImageMagick:
convert image.png image.pict
This example shows a PNG image as the source image, but ImageMagick supports many other input formats.
[edit] Using converted images on a classic Mac system
Once converted, the image can then be added to a HFS disk image using hfsutils:
hmount disk.img # mount the HFS disk hcopy ./image.pict :image.pic # copy the PICT image to the disk hattrib -t PICT -c 8BIM :image.pic # set the type and creator codes to ensure that the image is recognised by Mac OS humount # unmount the disk
[edit] Sample files
- http://www.fileformat.info/format/macpict/sample/index.htm
- http://cd.textfiles.com/cdreview/cdreview66/PCT01_01/PC0101P/
- http://cd.textfiles.com/fantaziasampler/CLIPART/PCT/ - Version 1
- http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/geology/lazarus/ch7/pict_plots/ - Vector-only PICTs
- dexvert samples — image/pict
- Photo Pics PICT format for Macintosh
