Executables

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* [[a.out]]
 
* [[a.out]]
−
* [[COFF]] — The Common Object File Format, an executable format originally designed for use in UNIX System V
+
* [[Amiga Hunk]]
 +
* [[Atari ST executable]] (.prg)
 +
* [[COFF]] — The Common Object File Format, an executable format originally designed for use in UNIX System V
 
* [[Commodore 64 binary executable]] (.prg)
 
* [[Commodore 64 binary executable]] (.prg)
 
* [[DOS executable (.com)]] — 16 bit DOS executable
 
* [[DOS executable (.com)]] — 16 bit DOS executable
−
* [[EXE]] — The original DOS executable format, with variants like NE (New Executable), [[PE executable|PE]] (Portable Executable, actually a [[COFF]] variant), LX (Linear Executable) and others, as used in Microsoft MS-DOS and MS Windows (and some other operating systems like SkyOS)
+
* [[EPOC/Symbian executable]]
−
* [[ELF]]
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* [[EXE]] — MS-DOS, MS Windows, and others
 +
** [[MS-DOS EXE]]
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** [[New Executable]] (NE)
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** [[Linear Executable]]
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** [[Portable Executable]] (PE, actually a [[COFF]] variant)
 +
* [[Executable and Linkable Format]] (ELF)
 +
* [[GOFF]]
 
* [[Intel HEX]]
 
* [[Intel HEX]]
 
* [[iOS app]] (.app) (see also [[IPA]] for archived version, and [[Mobile Provision file]] for provision file accompanying apps)
 
* [[iOS app]] (.app) (see also [[IPA]] for archived version, and [[Mobile Provision file]] for provision file accompanying apps)
 
* [[Mach-O]]
 
* [[Mach-O]]
 +
* [[Multiboot]]
 +
* [[Native Client Executable]] (sandboxed executable for Chromium browsers)
 +
* [[OS/360 Object File Format]]
 +
* [[PRC (Palm OS)]]
 +
* [[Psion IMG/APP]]
 +
* [[Psion OPO/OPA]]
 +
* [[Towns OS EXP]]
  
 
== Shared libraries, chained files, etc. ==
 
== Shared libraries, chained files, etc. ==
 
(can't be run by themselves, but are used at runtime by other executables)
 
(can't be run by themselves, but are used at runtime by other executables)
  
−
* [[Assembly manifest (Windows)]] (.manifest)
+
* [[AIL real mode driver]] (.adv)
−
* [[Dynamic-link library (Windows)]] (.dll)
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* [[Borland Graphics Interface]] (.bgi)
 +
* [[DIGPAK sound driver]]
 +
* [[DOS device driver]] (.sys)
 
* [[Dynamic library (OS X or iOS)]] (.dylib)
 
* [[Dynamic library (OS X or iOS)]] (.dylib)
 +
* [[Dynamic-link library (Windows)]] (.dll)
 
* [[Turbo Pascal chain file]] (.chn)
 
* [[Turbo Pascal chain file]] (.chn)
  
−
See also [[Source code]] for code in a higher-level [[Programming Languages|programming language]] that needs to be compiled, assembled, or interpreted, and [[Development]] for other files used in the development process, including object and library files that get linked into a finished executable.
+
== Interpreted program files ==
 +
* [[HamsterSpeak compiled file]]
 +
* [[Tokenized BASIC]]
  
−
== Virtual machine code ==
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== Resource data used by executables and sometimes embedded in them ==
 +
See [[Resources]].
  
 +
== Meta-info files used in execution of programs/packages ==
 +
 +
* [[Assembly manifest (Windows)]] (.manifest)
 +
* [[Java Network Launching Protocol]]
 +
* [[Mobile Provision file]]
 +
* [[Program information file]] (PIF)
 +
** [[DESQview Program Information File]] (.dvp)
 +
 +
== Virtual machine code ==
 +
(see [[Wikipedia:UVC-based preservation]] for use of virtual machines in archival preservation)
 +
* [[ART (Android Runtime)]]
 +
* [[BEAM]] (Erlang)
 
* [[Bytecode]] (or p-code) — programs "compiled" into machine-independent code that loads or runs more quickly than raw interpreted source code; runs in an interpreter
 
* [[Bytecode]] (or p-code) — programs "compiled" into machine-independent code that loads or runs more quickly than raw interpreted source code; runs in an interpreter
 +
* [[Dalvik Executable]] (DEX; virtual machine used in Android)
 +
* [[Java bytecode]] (aka 'class file')
 +
* [[Lingo bytecode]]
 +
* [[Olive]] (executable archive embedding a virtual machine emulating original environment)
 +
* [[PYC]] ([[Python]] bytecode)
 +
* [[UCSD p-system p-code]]
 
* [[Universal Machine (ICFP programming contest 2006)]]
 
* [[Universal Machine (ICFP programming contest 2006)]]
 +
* [[Uxn program file]]
 +
* [[WebAssembly]]
 +
* [[Z-code]]
 +
 +
== Macros or automated scripting ==
 +
* [[4DOS compressed batch file]]
 +
* [[ActiveMime]]
 +
* [[Batch file]]
 +
* [[Bourne shell script]]
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* [[C shell script]]
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* [[DoItAgain]]
 +
* [[Photoshop Action File]] (.atn)
 +
* [[Sikuli]]
 +
* [[Windows Script File]]
 +
* [[WordPerfect macro]] (.wpm, .wcm)
 +
 +
For additional formats, see [[Programming Languages]].
 +
 +
See also [[Executable envelopes#Compiled scripts]].
 +
 +
== Executable compression ==
 +
 +
Refer to [[Executable compression]].
 +
 +
== Executable envelopes ==
 +
(Generated executables: self-extracting archives and installers, executable documents, etc.)
 +
 +
Refer to [[Executable envelopes]].
 +
 +
== See also ==
 +
 +
* [[Source code]], for code in a higher-level [[Programming Languages|programming language]] that needs to be compiled, assembled, or interpreted
 +
* [[Programming Languages]]
 +
* [[Development]], for other files used in the development process, including object and library files that get linked into a finished executable
  
 
== Links ==
 
== Links ==
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* [http://www.hanselman.com/blog/DownloadWrappersAndUnwantedSoftwareArePureEvil.aspx Download Wrappers and Unwanted Software are pure evil]
 
* [http://www.hanselman.com/blog/DownloadWrappersAndUnwantedSoftwareArePureEvil.aspx Download Wrappers and Unwanted Software are pure evil]
 
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/02/24/flappy-bird-demakes.html Flappy Bird implementations for various classic platforms]
 
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/02/24/flappy-bird-demakes.html Flappy Bird implementations for various classic platforms]
 +
* [http://www.loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/softgame.html Library of Congress Recommended Format Specifications: Software/Gaming]
 +
* [http://blog.trailofbits.com/2014/02/23/semantic-analysis-of-native-programs-introducing-codereason/ Semantic Analysis of Native Programs, introducing CodeReason]
 +
* [https://github.com/MattPD/cpplinks/blob/master/executables.md C++ links: executables]
  
 
[[Category:Executables| ]]
 
[[Category:Executables| ]]

Latest revision as of 15:29, 10 May 2024

File Format
Name Executables
Ontology

{{{caption}}}

Container formats for machine executable code. These often define different sections to be loaded into memory. Some formats may be compatible with different CPU architectures.

Contents

[edit] Directly executable

[edit] Shared libraries, chained files, etc.

(can't be run by themselves, but are used at runtime by other executables)

[edit] Interpreted program files

[edit] Resource data used by executables and sometimes embedded in them

See Resources.

[edit] Meta-info files used in execution of programs/packages

[edit] Virtual machine code

(see Wikipedia:UVC-based preservation for use of virtual machines in archival preservation)

[edit] Macros or automated scripting

For additional formats, see Programming Languages.

See also Executable envelopes#Compiled scripts.

[edit] Executable compression

Refer to Executable compression.

[edit] Executable envelopes

(Generated executables: self-extracting archives and installers, executable documents, etc.)

Refer to Executable envelopes.

[edit] See also

[edit] Links

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