Spoken Languages

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("Fictional" artificial languages)
("Fictional" artificial languages)
 
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=== "Fictional" artificial languages ===
 
=== "Fictional" artificial languages ===
* Beanish (''xkcd'') [https://beanishlang.wordpress.com/]
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* Beanish (''[http://xkcd.com/ xkcd]'') [https://beanishlang.wordpress.com/]
 +
* Chakobsa (''Dune'')
 
* Dothraki (''Game of Thrones'')
 
* Dothraki (''Game of Thrones'')
 
* Elvish (Tolkien)
 
* Elvish (Tolkien)
 
* Klingon (''Star Trek'')
 
* Klingon (''Star Trek'')
 
* Láadan (''Native Tongue'')
 
* Láadan (''Native Tongue'')
 +
* Na’vi (''Avatar'')
 
* Orchish (''[http://www.journey-quest.com/ JourneyQuest]'') [http://fansupported.net/shop/orcish-english-dictionary/]
 
* Orchish (''[http://www.journey-quest.com/ JourneyQuest]'') [http://fansupported.net/shop/orcish-english-dictionary/]
 
* Pakuni (''Land of the Lost'')
 
* Pakuni (''Land of the Lost'')
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* [http://newsfeed.time.com/2011/04/18/last-two-speakers-of-dying-language-refuse-to-talk-to-each-other/ Last Two Speakers of Dying Language Refuse to Talk to Each Other] (No, that's not ''The Onion''!)
 
* [http://newsfeed.time.com/2011/04/18/last-two-speakers-of-dying-language-refuse-to-talk-to-each-other/ Last Two Speakers of Dying Language Refuse to Talk to Each Other] (No, that's not ''The Onion''!)
 
* [http://mentalfloss.com/article/50468/8-endangered-languages-could-soon-disappear 8 Endangered Languages That Could Soon Disappear]
 
* [http://mentalfloss.com/article/50468/8-endangered-languages-could-soon-disappear 8 Endangered Languages That Could Soon Disappear]
 +
* [http://www.bruce-humes.com/?p=10386 Xinjiang’s Xibe Authors: Inspired by “Language of Exile” that has Outlived Manchu]
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* [http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-03-13/academics-team-up-to-save-dying-languages/5317010 Academics team up to save dying languages]
  
 
=== Language history ===
 
=== Language history ===
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* [http://mentalfloss.com/article/52650/what-shakespeare-plays-originally-sounded What Shakespeare's plays originally sounded like]
 
* [http://mentalfloss.com/article/52650/what-shakespeare-plays-originally-sounded What Shakespeare's plays originally sounded like]
 
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21427896 Ancient languages reconstructed by computer program] (BBC, 2013-02-12).
 
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21427896 Ancient languages reconstructed by computer program] (BBC, 2013-02-12).
 +
* [http://archaeology.org/exclusives/articles/1302-proto-indo-european-schleichers-fable Telling Tales in Proto-Indo-European] (includes reconstructed audio)
  
 
=== Constructed languages ===
 
=== Constructed languages ===
 
* [http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/12/24/121224fa_fact_foer?currentPage=all Utopian for Beginners: An amateur linguist loses control of the language he invented.]
 
* [http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/12/24/121224fa_fact_foer?currentPage=all Utopian for Beginners: An amateur linguist loses control of the language he invented.]
 +
* [http://ed.ted.com/lessons/are-elvish-klingon-dothraki-and-na-vi-real-languages-john-mcwhorter Are Elvish, Klingon, Dothraki and Na’vi real languages? - John McWhorter]
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* [http://mentalfloss.com/article/53236/now-you-can-rickroll-your-friends-or-enemies-klingon Rickroll your friends or enemies in Klingon]
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* [https://www.vulgarlang.com/ Vulgar: automatic language construction]
  
 
=== Language varieties ===
 
=== Language varieties ===
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* [[Wikipedia:E-Prime|E-Prime: version of English without 'to be']]
 
* [[Wikipedia:E-Prime|E-Prime: version of English without 'to be']]
 
* [http://grasch.net/node/22 Open source speech recognition]
 
* [http://grasch.net/node/22 Open source speech recognition]
 +
* [http://mentalfloss.com/article/53086/fun-great-language-game The Great Language Game]
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* [http://huh.ideophone.org/ Is 'Huh?' a universal word?]
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* [http://thepaperthinhymn.com/2010/01/26/how-to-speak-post-modernism/ How to speak and write postmodern]
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* [http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22129624.300-dolphin-whistle-instantly-translated-by-computer.html Dolphin whistle instantly translated by computer]
 +
* [http://www.theverge.com/2014/8/4/5968243/mit-turns-recorded-vibrations-back-into-speech-and-music Scientists reconstruct speech through soundproof glass by watching a bag of potato chips]

Latest revision as of 05:08, 25 March 2024

File Format
Name Spoken Languages
Ontology
Released ~100,000 BC

Speech, from Dream of the Rarebit Fiend (1905)

Speech, from Dream of the Rarebit Fiend (1905)

Spoken language is believed to date back 50,000 to 100,000 years, and is considered to be one of the major things that distinguish humans from animals. It long predates Written Languages.

The languages with the largest number of native speakers are:

  • Mandarin
  • Spanish
  • English
  • Arabic languages
  • Hindi
  • Bengali
  • Portuguese
  • Russian
  • Japanese
  • German

A major issue is that languages are collapsing as worldwide networking increases - the larger languages outstrip the smaller communities, and entire sets of languages are lost. A number of projects are underway to catalog these dying or disappearing languages.

[edit] Artificially constructed languages

In addition to the languages which have evolved naturally among humans, some languages have been artificially constructed, sometimes as part of fictional universes and other times intended for actual use in communication.

[edit] "Serious" artificial languages

  • Esperanto
  • Interlingua
  • Ithkuil
  • Loglan
  • Lojban
  • Volapük

[edit] "Fictional" artificial languages

  • Beanish (xkcd) [1]
  • Chakobsa (Dune)
  • Dothraki (Game of Thrones)
  • Elvish (Tolkien)
  • Klingon (Star Trek)
  • Láadan (Native Tongue)
  • Na’vi (Avatar)
  • Orchish (JourneyQuest) [2]
  • Pakuni (Land of the Lost)
  • Simlish (The Sims)

[edit] Links

[edit] Endangered languages

[edit] Language history

[edit] Constructed languages

[edit] Language varieties

[edit] Other links and references

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