http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&feed=atom&action=historyZIP - Revision history2024-03-28T21:03:57ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.19.2http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=47501&oldid=prevJsummers: /* Disambiguation */2023-12-28T16:02:40Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Disambiguation</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Disambiguation ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Disambiguation ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>There are many other things, related or not, whose names use the word "Zip".</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>There are many other things, related or not, whose names use the word "Zip"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. Only a few are listed here</ins>.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Zip disk]], an unrelated disk cartridge unit</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Zip disk]], an unrelated disk cartridge unit</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Z-language Interpreter Program (ZIP) - See [[Z-code]].</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Zip-Archiv - See [[ZAR (Zip-Archiv)]] (an urelated format).</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* "ZIP compression" can sometimes refer to [[DEFLATE]], or something based on it ([[zlib]], [[Gzip]]).</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* "ZIP compression" can sometimes refer to [[DEFLATE]], or something based on it ([[zlib]], [[Gzip]]).</div></td></tr>
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</table>Jsummershttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=47244&oldid=prevDexvertbot: /* Sample files */2023-12-28T04:14:11Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Sample files</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* https://github.com/corkami/pocs/tree/master/zip</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* https://github.com/corkami/pocs/tree/master/zip</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Examples that use the uncommon "Reduce" compression scheme: {{CdTextfiles|ccbwindows93/CORELDRA/VISA_CRD.ZIP|VISA_CRD.ZIP}}, {{CdTextfiles|librisbritannia/GRAPHICS/CLIPMAC/1608A.ZIP|1608A.ZIP}} → D1-MAC.ZIP</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* Examples that use the uncommon "Reduce" compression scheme: {{CdTextfiles|ccbwindows93/CORELDRA/VISA_CRD.ZIP|VISA_CRD.ZIP}}, {{CdTextfiles|librisbritannia/GRAPHICS/CLIPMAC/1608A.ZIP|1608A.ZIP}} → D1-MAC.ZIP</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">https://telparia.com/fileFormatSamples/</del>archive/zip<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">/</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">{{DexvertSamples|</ins>archive/zip<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">}}</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Links ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Links ==</div></td></tr>
</table>Dexvertbothttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=46359&oldid=prevPolluks: /* Software */ XAD2023-11-16T12:16:36Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Software: </span> XAD</span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* {{Deark}} (for analysis, or converting old compression methods)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* {{Deark}} (for analysis, or converting old compression methods)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [{{SACFTPURL|pack|pcdezip.zip}} PCDEZIP] - Source code and DOS binary to decompress ''Deflate'' and all older methods (1993)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [{{SACFTPURL|pack|pcdezip.zip}} PCDEZIP] - Source code and DOS binary to decompress ''Deflate'' and all older methods (1993)</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Sample files ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Sample files ==</div></td></tr>
</table>Pollukshttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=45631&oldid=prevJsummers at 12:13, 4 October 20232023-10-04T12:13:22Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>ZIP was created in 1989 as the native format of the PKZIP program, which was introduced by Phil Katz (with co-creator Gary Conway) in the wake of a lawsuit (which he lost) against him by the makers of the then-popular [[ARC (compression format)|ARC]] program (and file format) for copyright and trademark infringement in an earlier program [[PKARC]] which had been file-compatible with ARC. This resulted in Katz creating a new file format, which rapidly overtook ARC in popularity (to a large extent because of BBS sysops, then the primary users of such compression, resenting the lawsuit). Many programs have been released for a variety of operating systems to compress and decompress ZIP files, and native support for the format is built into several popular operating systems.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>ZIP was created in 1989 as the native format of the PKZIP program, which was introduced by Phil Katz (with co-creator Gary Conway) in the wake of a lawsuit (which he lost) against him by the makers of the then-popular [[ARC (compression format)|ARC]] program (and file format) for copyright and trademark infringement in an earlier program [[PKARC]] which had been file-compatible with ARC. This resulted in Katz creating a new file format, which rapidly overtook ARC in popularity (to a large extent because of BBS sysops, then the primary users of such compression, resenting the lawsuit). Many programs have been released for a variety of operating systems to compress and decompress ZIP files, and native support for the format is built into several popular operating systems.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>ZIP implementations vary in their support for features in the specification from PKWARE<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>http://www.pkware.com/documents/casestudies/</del>APPNOTE<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.TXT</ref></del>, particularly features added since version 2 (1993)<!--, some of which are protected by patents and require licensing-->. Many implementations limit the use of compression to the [[DEFLATE]] algorithm, introduced with version 2. Extensions incorporated into the specification that have been widely adopted include large files (using a technique known as ZIP64), and filenames in [[UTF-8]]. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">In 2011 work began on an </del>interoperable subset of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the latest APPNOTE.TXT with the intention of publication </del>as ISO/IEC 21320-1<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </del>Document Container File <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">-- Part 1: Core. As of November 2012, a discussion draft is available<ref>http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc34/open/1855.pdf</ref></del>. Designed to promote interoperable implementations, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the draft ISO/IEC 21320-1 </del>prohibits compression other than <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">using </del>[[DEFLATE]], <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">segmentation or </del>multiple volumes, and features <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">that are subject to patents</del>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>ZIP implementations vary in their support for features in the specification from PKWARE <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(see "</ins>APPNOTE<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" in the Specifications section below)</ins>, particularly features added since version 2 (1993)<!--, some of which are protected by patents and require licensing-->. Many implementations limit the use of compression to the [[DEFLATE]] algorithm, introduced with version 2. Extensions incorporated into the specification that have been widely adopted include large files (using a technique known as ZIP64), and filenames in [[UTF-8]].</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">An </ins>interoperable subset of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ZIP has been defined, and published </ins>as <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</ins>ISO/IEC 21320-1<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">: </ins>Document Container File<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'' (refer to the Specifications section below)</ins>. Designed to promote interoperable implementations, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">it </ins>prohibits <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">various features, including </ins>compression other than [[DEFLATE]], multiple volumes, and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">various encryption-related </ins>features.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>While .zip is the usual file extension, ZIP-formatted files can be found with many other extensions since a number of other file formats use ZIP compression but store their files in application-specific extensions. See [[:Category:ZIP based file formats]] for a list of such formats.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>While .zip is the usual file extension, ZIP-formatted files can be found with many other extensions since a number of other file formats use ZIP compression but store their files in application-specific extensions. See [[:Category:ZIP based file formats]] for a list of such formats.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>** Bundled with PKZIP software through v1.93 - refer to the [[#Software]] section below.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>** Bundled with PKZIP software through v1.93 - refer to the [[#Software]] section below.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/zip IANA registration for application/zip in July 1993] (corresponds to version 2 of APPNOTE.TXT)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/zip IANA registration for application/zip in July 1993] (corresponds to version 2 of APPNOTE.TXT)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">http</del>://<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">kikaku</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">itscj</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ipsj.or.jp</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">sc34</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">open/1855</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pdf November 2012 working draft of </del>ISO/IEC <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">WD </del>21320-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">1, Document Container File -- Part </del>1: <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Core] Intended as restricted subset of APPNOTE 6.3.3 designed to promote interoperability.</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">https</ins>://<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">www</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">iso</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">org</ins>/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">standard</ins>/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">60101</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">html </ins>ISO/IEC 21320-1: Document Container File] <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(see also {{LoCFDD|fdd000361}})</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* [http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc34/open/1886.pdf February 2013 committee draft of ISO/IEC CD 21320-1, </del>Document Container File <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">-- Part 1: Core</del>] <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Essentially the same as November 2012 working draft except that it mandates use of the UTF-8 indicator.</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://apple2.org.za/gswv/a2zine/GS.WorldView/Resources/The.MacShrinkIt.Project/ARCHIVES.TXT Archive format info, including ZIP] (from 1989, when ZIP was newly released)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://apple2.org.za/gswv/a2zine/GS.WorldView/Resources/The.MacShrinkIt.Project/ARCHIVES.TXT Archive format info, including ZIP] (from 1989, when ZIP was newly released)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/arc_fmts.txt ZIP file header format (among other archive types)]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/arc_fmts.txt ZIP file header format (among other archive types)]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [https://games.greggman.com/game/zip-rant/ Zip - How not to design a file format.]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [https://games.greggman.com/game/zip-rant/ Zip - How not to design a file format.]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [https://gynvael.coldwind.pl/download.php?f=TenThousandSecurityPitfalls_theZIPfileFormat.pdf Ten thousand security pitfalls: The ZIP file format by Gynvael Coldwind (2018)]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [https://gynvael.coldwind.pl/download.php?f=TenThousandSecurityPitfalls_theZIPfileFormat.pdf Ten thousand security pitfalls: The ZIP file format by Gynvael Coldwind (2018)]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== References ==</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><references/></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:Compression]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:Compression]]</div></td></tr>
</table>Jsummershttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=45624&oldid=prevJsummers: /* Discussion */2023-10-03T16:28:17Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Discussion</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Discussion ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Discussion ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">It </del>was created in 1989 as the native format of the PKZIP program, which was introduced by Phil Katz (with co-creator Gary Conway) in the wake of a lawsuit (which he lost) against him by the makers of the then-popular [[ARC (compression format)|ARC]] program (and file format) for copyright and trademark infringement in an earlier program [[PKARC]] which had been file-compatible with ARC. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>This resulted in Katz creating a new file format, which rapidly overtook ARC in popularity (to a large extent because of BBS sysops, then the primary users of such compression, resenting the lawsuit). Many programs have been released for a variety of operating systems to compress and decompress ZIP files, and native support for the format is built into several popular operating systems.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ZIP </ins>was created in 1989 as the native format of the PKZIP program, which was introduced by Phil Katz (with co-creator Gary Conway) in the wake of a lawsuit (which he lost) against him by the makers of the then-popular [[ARC (compression format)|ARC]] program (and file format) for copyright and trademark infringement in an earlier program [[PKARC]] which had been file-compatible with ARC. This resulted in Katz creating a new file format, which rapidly overtook ARC in popularity (to a large extent because of BBS sysops, then the primary users of such compression, resenting the lawsuit). Many programs have been released for a variety of operating systems to compress and decompress ZIP files, and native support for the format is built into several popular operating systems.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>ZIP implementations vary in their support for features in the specification from PKWARE<ref>http://www.pkware.com/documents/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT</ref>, particularly features added since version 2 (1993), some of which are protected by patents and require licensing. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>Many implementations limit the use of compression to the [[DEFLATE]] algorithm, introduced with version 2. Extensions incorporated into the specification that have been widely adopted <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">are: long filenames; </del>large files (using a technique known as ZIP64)<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">; </del>and filenames in [[UTF-8]]. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>In 2011 work began on an interoperable subset of the latest APPNOTE.TXT with the intention of publication as ISO/IEC 21320-1, Document Container File -- Part 1: Core. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>As of November 2012, a discussion draft is available<ref>http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc34/open/1855.pdf</ref>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>Designed to promote interoperable implementations, the draft ISO/IEC 21320-1 prohibits compression other than using [[DEFLATE]], segmentation or multiple volumes, and features that are subject to patents.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>ZIP implementations vary in their support for features in the specification from PKWARE<ref>http://www.pkware.com/documents/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT</ref>, particularly features added since version 2 (1993)<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><!--</ins>, some of which are protected by patents and require licensing<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">--></ins>. Many implementations limit the use of compression to the [[DEFLATE]] algorithm, introduced with version 2. Extensions incorporated into the specification that have been widely adopted <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">include </ins>large files (using a technique known as ZIP64)<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </ins>and filenames in [[UTF-8]]. In 2011 work began on an interoperable subset of the latest APPNOTE.TXT with the intention of publication as ISO/IEC 21320-1, Document Container File -- Part 1: Core. As of November 2012, a discussion draft is available<ref>http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc34/open/1855.pdf</ref>. Designed to promote interoperable implementations, the draft ISO/IEC 21320-1 prohibits compression other than using [[DEFLATE]], segmentation or multiple volumes, and features that are subject to patents.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>While .zip is the usual file extension, ZIP-formatted files can be found with many other extensions since a number of other file formats use ZIP compression but store their files in application-specific extensions. See [[:Category:ZIP based file formats]] for a list of such formats.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>While .zip is the usual file extension, ZIP-formatted files can be found with many other extensions since a number of other file formats use ZIP compression but store their files in application-specific extensions. See [[:Category:ZIP based file formats]] for a list of such formats.</div></td></tr>
</table>Jsummershttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=45622&oldid=prevJsummers at 15:52, 3 October 20232023-10-03T15:52:49Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 15:52, 3 October 2023</td>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 210:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Only the last fragment necessarily contains the usual {{magic|'P' 'K' 0x05 0x06}} signature.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Only the last fragment necessarily contains the usual {{magic|'P' 'K' 0x05 0x06}} signature.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=== Self-extracting archives ===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Refer to [[Self-extracting ZIP]].</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=== Character encoding ===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=== Character encoding ===</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Zipx]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Zipx]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[SOF (Spectrum Software)]] - Variant format</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[SOF (Spectrum Software)]] - Variant format</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[DEFLATE]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[:Category:ZIP based file formats]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[:Category:PKWARE]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[:Category:PKWARE]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
</table>Jsummershttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=45621&oldid=prevJsummers: Moved character encoding info2023-10-03T15:44:52Z<p>Moved character encoding info</p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<tr valign='top'>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 15:44, 3 October 2023</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Only the last fragment necessarily contains the usual {{magic|'P' 'K' 0x05 0x06}} signature.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Only the last fragment necessarily contains the usual {{magic|'P' 'K' 0x05 0x06}} signature.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=== Character encoding ===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">In general there is [https://twitter.com/tef/status/436555938879655937 no official file name encoding for ZIP files], and non ASCII filenames [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/106367/add-non-ascii-file-names-to-zip-in-java are not generally well supported]. The original implementation specified [[CP437|IBM Code Page 437]] for filenames, but as many characters cannot be expressed in that encoding, the filename bytes have often been interpreted using the current system codepage (implementation dependent behaviour). There is a flag to specify [[UTF-8]] as the encoding, but it is not supported in all major clients (e.g. Windows Explorer).</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Identification ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Identification ==</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/arc_fmts.txt ZIP file header format (among other archive types)]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/arc_fmts.txt ZIP file header format (among other archive types)]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://rescene.wikidot.com/torrentzip TorrentZip]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://rescene.wikidot.com/torrentzip TorrentZip]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Note that in general there is [https://twitter.com/tef/status/436555938879655937 no official file name encoding for ZIP files], and non ASCII filenames [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/106367/add-non-ascii-file-names-to-zip-in-java are not generally well supported]. The original implementation specified [[CP437|IBM Code Page 437]] for filenames, but as many characters cannot be expressed in that encoding, the filename bytes have often been interpreted using the current system codepage (implementation dependent behaviour). There is a flag to specify [[UTF-8]] as the encoding, but it is not supported in all major clients (e.g. Windows Explorer).</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://www.opensource.apple.com/source/zip/zip-6/unzip/unzip/proginfo/extra.fld Info-ZIP's "extra fields" documentation]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [http://www.opensource.apple.com/source/zip/zip-6/unzip/unzip/proginfo/extra.fld Info-ZIP's "extra fields" documentation]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
</table>Jsummershttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=45620&oldid=prevJsummers: Multi-part archives2023-10-03T15:27:21Z<p>Multi-part archives</p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 15:27, 3 October 2023</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|0xfd4a || || SMS/QDOS || APPNOTE ||</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|0xfd4a || || SMS/QDOS || APPNOTE ||</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|}</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=== Multi-part archives ===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The ZIP format has supported archives consisting of multiple files from day one, though this feature does not appear to have been utilized by PKZIP until floppy disk spanning features were added in the v2.xx series.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The first fragment of a multi-part archive usually begins with signature bytes {{magic|'P' 'K' 0x07 0x08}}. This signature can be present even for single-part archives, if the disk spanning feature was enabled but turned out not to be needed.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The APPNOTE documentation (at least v4.5+) also mentions signature {{magic|'P' 'K' 0x30 0x30}}, calling it the "temporary spanning marker", but more research is needed to understand when it is used.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Fragments of a multi-part archive that are neither first nor last may not have any identifying signatures.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Only the last fragment necessarily contains the usual {{magic|'P' 'K' 0x05 0x06}} signature.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Identification ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Identification ==</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Most ZIP files (but not [[self-extracting ZIP]] files) happen to begin with <code>'P' 'K' 0x03 0x04</code>. This is not a global file signature, but is the signature that appears once for every compressed file inside the ZIP file. Some ZIP-based formats are designed such that they necessarily begin in this way. But in general, it is even legal for a ZIP file to contain zero files, and such a ZIP file would not contain this signature at all.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Most ZIP files (but not [[self-extracting ZIP]] files) happen to begin with <code>'P' 'K' 0x03 0x04</code>. This is not a global file signature, but is the signature that appears once for every compressed file inside the ZIP file. Some ZIP-based formats are designed such that they necessarily begin in this way. But in general, it is even legal for a ZIP file to contain zero files, and such a ZIP file would not contain this signature at all.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Refer to the [[#Multi-part archives]] section, elsewhere on this page, for additional relevant information.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>That Phil Katz guy has thus managed to get his initials at the start of a large number of files on many millions of computers and devices, given how many file formats are based on ZIP (even if they use different extensions). He died in 2000, but this memorial to him will live on indefinitely.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>That Phil Katz guy has thus managed to get his initials at the start of a large number of files on many millions of computers and devices, given how many file formats are based on ZIP (even if they use different extensions). He died in 2000, but this memorial to him will live on indefinitely.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Self-extracting ZIP]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Self-extracting ZIP]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Zipx]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Zipx]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[SOF (Spectrum Software)]] - Variant format</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[:Category:PKWARE]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[:Category:PKWARE]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
</table>Jsummershttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=45619&oldid=prevJsummers at 15:18, 3 October 20232023-10-03T15:18:04Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 15:18, 3 October 2023</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:''Not to be confused with [[Zip disk]], an unrelated disk cartridge unit.''</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>{{FormatInfo</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>{{FormatInfo</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|formattype=electronic</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|formattype=electronic</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Disambiguation ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Disambiguation ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The term </del>"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ZIP compression</del>" <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">is sometimes misleadingly used to mean </del>[[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">DEFLATE</del>]] <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(which is by far the most common compression scheme used in ZIP files). In such cases</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the compressed data format could turn out </del>to <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">be raw </del>[[DEFLATE]], or [[zlib]], <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">or </del>[[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">gzip</del>]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">There are many other things, related or not, whose names use the word </ins>"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Zip</ins>"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* </ins>[[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Zip disk</ins>]], <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">an unrelated disk cartridge unit</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* "ZIP compression" can sometimes refer </ins>to [[DEFLATE]], or <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">something based on it (</ins>[[zlib]], [[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Gzip</ins>]]<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">).</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">See also the [[#See also|"See also"]] section, elsewhere on this page</ins>.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Discussion ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Discussion ==</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== See also ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== See also ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[PKLITE]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Self-extracting ZIP]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Self-extracting ZIP]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Zipx]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>* [[Zipx]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[:Category:PKWARE]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Specifications ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Specifications ==</div></td></tr>
</table>Jsummershttp://fileformats.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=ZIP&diff=45618&oldid=prevJsummers: Rearranged article2023-10-03T15:04:26Z<p>Rearranged article</p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">Revision as of 15:04, 3 October 2023</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|released=1989</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|released=1989</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>}}</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''ZIP''' is one of the most popular file compression <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">formats. It was created in 1989 as the native format of the PKZIP program, which was introduced by Phil Katz (with co-creator Gary Conway) in the wake of a lawsuit (which he lost) against him by the makers of the then-popular [[ARC (compression format)|ARC]] program (and file format) for copyright and trademark infringement in an earlier program [[PKARC]] which had been file-compatible with ARC.  This resulted in Katz creating a new file format, which rapidly overtook ARC in popularity (to a large extent because of BBS sysops, then the primary users of such compression, resenting the lawsuit). Many programs have been released for a variety of operating systems to compress and decompress ZIP files, and native support for the format is built into several popular operating systems.</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''ZIP''' is one of the most popular file compression/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">archiving </ins>formats.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ZIP implementations vary in their support for features in the specification from PKWARE<ref>http:</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">/www.pkware.com/documents/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT</ref>, particularly features added since version 2 (1993), some of which are protected by patents and require licensing.  Many implementations limit the use of compression to the [[DEFLATE]] algorithm, introduced with version 2. Extensions incorporated into the specification that have been widely adopted are: long filenames; large files (using a technique known as ZIP64); and filenames in [[UTF-8]].  In 2011 work began on an interoperable subset of the latest APPNOTE.TXT with the intention of publication as ISO/IEC 21320-1, Document Container File -- Part 1: Core.  As of November 2012, a discussion draft is available<ref>http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc34/open/1855.pdf</ref>.  Designed to promote interoperable implementations, the draft ISO/IEC 21320-1 prohibits compression other than using [[DEFLATE]], segmentation or multiple volumes, and features that are subject to patents.</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">While .zip is the usual file extension, ZIP-formatted files can be found with many other extensions since a number of other file formats use ZIP compression but store their files in application-specific extensions. See [[:Category:ZIP based file formats]] for a list of such </del>formats.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">== See also ==</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* [[PKLITE]]</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* [[Self-extracting ZIP]]</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* [[Zipx]]</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Disambiguation ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Disambiguation ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The term "ZIP compression" is sometimes misleadingly used to mean [[DEFLATE]] (which is by far the most common compression scheme used in ZIP files). In such cases, the compressed data format could turn out to be raw [[DEFLATE]], or [[zlib]], or [[gzip]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The term "ZIP compression" is sometimes misleadingly used to mean [[DEFLATE]] (which is by far the most common compression scheme used in ZIP files). In such cases, the compressed data format could turn out to be raw [[DEFLATE]], or [[zlib]], or [[gzip]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Identification </del>==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Discussion </ins>==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The byte sequence <code>'P' 'K' 0x05 0x06</code> (</del>the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"end </del>of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">central directory signature"</del>) <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">appears somewhere </del>in the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">file, usually beginning exactly 22 bytes from </del>the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">end </del>of the file<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. However, it will appear </del>earlier <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">if the </del>file <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">contains </del>a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"ZIP </del>file <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">comment" (common </del>in <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the </del>BBS <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">era</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">but rare today)</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">or for various other reasons</del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">There seems to be no theoretical limit to how far back you may </del>have <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">to search </del>for <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the signature, but some software limits it </del>to <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">around 64KB</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">which </del>is <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the maximum length of a comment</del>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">It was created in 1989 as </ins>the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">native format </ins>of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the PKZIP program, which was introduced by Phil Katz (with co-creator Gary Conway</ins>) in the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">wake of a lawsuit (which he lost) against him by </ins>the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">makers </ins>of the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">then-popular [[ARC (compression format)|ARC]] program (and </ins>file <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">format) for copyright and trademark infringement in an </ins>earlier <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">program [[PKARC]] which had been </ins>file<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">-compatible with ARC.  This resulted in Katz creating </ins>a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">new </ins>file <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">format, which rapidly overtook ARC </ins>in <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">popularity (to a large extent because of </ins>BBS <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">sysops</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">then the primary users of such compression</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">resenting the lawsuit)</ins>. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Many programs </ins>have <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">been released </ins>for <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a variety of operating systems </ins>to <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">compress and decompress ZIP files</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and native support for the format </ins>is <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">built into several popular operating systems</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Most </del>ZIP <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">files </del>(<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">but not </del>[[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">self-extracting ZIP</del>]] files) <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">happen to begin </del>with <<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">code</del>><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'P' 'K' 0x03 0x04</del></<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">code</del>>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">This is not a global file signature</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">but is </del>the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">signature that appears once for every compressed file inside the ZIP file. Some ZIP</del>-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">based formats are designed such that they necessarily begin in this way. But in general</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">it is even legal for a ZIP file to contain zero files</del>, and <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">such a ZIP file would not contain this signature at all</del>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>ZIP <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">implementations vary in their support for features in the specification from PKWARE<ref>http://www.pkware.com/documents/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT</ref>, particularly features added since version 2 </ins>(<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">1993), some of which are protected by patents and require licensing.  Many implementations limit the use of compression to the </ins>[[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">DEFLATE</ins>]] <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">algorithm, introduced with version 2. Extensions incorporated into the specification that have been widely adopted are: long filenames; large </ins>files <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(using a technique known as ZIP64</ins>)<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">; and filenames in [[UTF-8]].  In 2011 work began on an interoperable subset of the latest APPNOTE.TXT </ins>with <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the intention of publication as ISO/IEC 21320-1, Document Container File -- Part 1: Core.  As of November 2012, a discussion draft is available</ins><<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</ins>><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc34/open/1855.pdf</ins></<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref</ins>>. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Designed to promote interoperable implementations</ins>, the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">draft ISO/IEC 21320</ins>-<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">1 prohibits compression other than using [[DEFLATE]]</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">segmentation or multiple volumes</ins>, and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">features that are subject to patents</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">That Phil Katz guy has thus managed to get his initials at </del>the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">start of </del>a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">large </del>number of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">files on many millions of computers and devices, given how many </del>file formats <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">are based on ZIP (even if they </del>use <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">different </del>extensions<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">)</del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">He died in 2000, but this memorial to him will live on indefinitely</del>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">While .zip is </ins>the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">usual file extension, ZIP-formatted files can be found with many other extensions since </ins>a number of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">other </ins>file formats use <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ZIP compression but store their files in application-specific </ins>extensions. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">See [[:Category:ZIP based file formats]] for a list of such formats</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Compression ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">== Format details ==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=</ins>== Compression <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=</ins>==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Each file in a ZIP file is compressed using one of a number of compression algorithms. Only compression types 0 (uncompressed) and 8 (DEFLATE) are likely to be seen in modern portable ZIP files. In old ZIP files, types 1 (Shrink) and 6 (Implode) are common.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Each file in a ZIP file is compressed using one of a number of compression algorithms. Only compression types 0 (uncompressed) and 8 (DEFLATE) are likely to be seen in modern portable ZIP files. In old ZIP files, types 1 (Shrink) and 6 (Implode) are common.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|}</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|}</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Extensible data fields ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=</ins>== Extensible data fields <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=</ins>==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Each member file of a ZIP file may have one or more ''extensible data fields'' (or ''extra fields''), containing arbitrary data. Each field is tagged with a 16-bit identifier. Extra fields are normally used for platform-specific or filesystem-specific metadata, or to work around limitations of the original ZIP format. They are not normally used for application-specific data.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Each member file of a ZIP file may have one or more ''extensible data fields'' (or ''extra fields''), containing arbitrary data. Each field is tagged with a 16-bit identifier. Extra fields are normally used for platform-specific or filesystem-specific metadata, or to work around limitations of the original ZIP format. They are not normally used for application-specific data.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Most of the extra fields in use are documented in the ZIP "APPNOTE" specification, or by the Info-ZIP software (e.g. the proginfo/extrafld.txt file in the Zip program's source distribution).</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Most of the extra fields in use are documented in the ZIP "APPNOTE" specification, or by the Info-ZIP software (e.g. the proginfo/extrafld.txt file in the Zip program's source distribution).</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">=== </del>Known extensible data fields <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Known extensible data fields<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">:</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>{| class="wikitable"</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>{| class="wikitable"</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>!ID !! Owner !! Description !! Reference (identification) !! Reference (details)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>!ID !! Owner !! Description !! Reference (identification) !! Reference (details)</div></td></tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 195:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|0xfd4a || || SMS/QDOS || APPNOTE ||</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|0xfd4a || || SMS/QDOS || APPNOTE ||</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|}</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== Identification ==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The byte sequence <code>'P' 'K' 0x05 0x06</code> (the "end of central directory signature") appears somewhere in the file, usually beginning exactly 22 bytes from the end of the file. However, it will appear earlier if the file contains a "ZIP file comment" (common in the BBS era, but rare today), or for various other reasons. There seems to be no theoretical limit to how far back you may have to search for the signature, but some software limits it to around 64KB, which is the maximum length of a comment.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Most ZIP files (but not [[self-extracting ZIP]] files) happen to begin with <code>'P' 'K' 0x03 0x04</code>. This is not a global file signature, but is the signature that appears once for every compressed file inside the ZIP file. Some ZIP-based formats are designed such that they necessarily begin in this way. But in general, it is even legal for a ZIP file to contain zero files, and such a ZIP file would not contain this signature at all.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">That Phil Katz guy has thus managed to get his initials at the start of a large number of files on many millions of computers and devices, given how many file formats are based on ZIP (even if they use different extensions). He died in 2000, but this memorial to him will live on indefinitely.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== See also ==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[PKLITE]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[Self-extracting ZIP]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[Zipx]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Specifications ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== Specifications ==</div></td></tr>
</table>Jsummers