Just Solve the File Format Problem - User contributions [en]

DOC (Atari)

2026-03-02T15:45:11Z

Polluks: WIP

[[Category:Atari computers]]

User:Polluks

2026-03-02T15:43:07Z

Polluks: DOC (Atari)

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]
* [[VBM (VDC BitMap)]]
* [[P]] https://k1.spdns.de/Develop/Projects/zasm/Info/O80%20and%20P81%20Format.txt
* [[BRU]]
* [[DOC (Atari)]]

== Reggae ==
* [[SID|sid]].demuxer
* [[WebP|webp]].demuxer

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>
* <s>[[IMD]]</s>
* <s>[[VMARC]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]
* [[TurboCalc]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

Ext:aws

2025-11-26T12:28:15Z

Polluks: /* AWS tape */ virtualtape.rst

: ''Information for extension '''.aws'''''
=File types=
==StatGraphics Data File==
===PRONOM===
* [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/361 x-fmt/361]

----
''Source: [[PRONOM]]''
==AWS tape==
Hercules
[https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mainframed/xmi/dcfa793522b4bc2f79abb5c9a1dee0f40b946d2d/docs/virtualtape.rst virtualtape.rst]

=Resources=
* [[Special:Search/aws|Search for 'aws' on this wiki]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/.aws Information about 'aws' on Wikipedia]
* [http://filext.com/file-extension/aws Information about extension '.aws' on FilExt.com]
* [http://www.fileinfo.com/extension/aws Information about extension '.aws' on FileInfo.com]
* [http://www.file-extensions.org/search/?searchstring=aws Information about 'aws' on File-Extensions.org]
* [http://extension.nirsoft.net/aws List of programs that can open '.aws' files on File Extensions Information For Windows website]
* [https://www.google.com/search?as_epq=.aws Search Google for '.aws']
----
: This page has been generated automatically by [[User:Bender|Bender]], edits will be overwritten. For comments, please use [[User_talk:Bender]].
[[category:File Format Extension]]

BRU

2025-11-24T14:54:21Z

Polluks: AmigaOS 2 and Fish 48

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Backup
|extensions={{ext|bru}}
}}

== Description ==

'''BRU''' is one of a number of backup formats utilised by Digital's RSX-11M system (the name comes from 'Backup and Restore Utility', the application designed to read and write BRU containers.) BRU came later in the operating system's history than other formats such as FLX and DMP and is therefore somewhat more complex. BRU was used in environments where tape was the likely target, but you may also come across BRU format disk dumps of tapes.

(Is this the same format as that produced by the Tolis Group's BRU product ? I don't know.)

[[Category:Amiga]]
[[Category:Archiving]]

Ext:gml

2025-11-19T08:45:41Z

Polluks: /* File types */

: ''Information for extension '''.gml'''''
=File types=
==Geography Markup Language==
===PRONOM===
* [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/227 x-fmt/227]
===Alias===
* GML
===Mime-type===
* [http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/gml+xml application/gml+xml]

----
''Source: [[PRONOM]]''
==Generalized Markup Language==

=Resources=
* [[Special:Search/gml|Search for 'gml' on this wiki]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/.gml Information about 'gml' on Wikipedia]
* [http://filext.com/file-extension/gml Information about extension '.gml' on FilExt.com]
* [http://www.fileinfo.com/extension/gml Information about extension '.gml' on FileInfo.com]
* [http://www.file-extensions.org/search/?searchstring=gml Information about 'gml' on File-Extensions.org]
* [http://extension.nirsoft.net/gml List of programs that can open '.gml' files on File Extensions Information For Windows website]
* [https://www.google.com/search?as_epq=.gml Search Google for '.gml']
----
: This page has been generated automatically by [[User:Bender|Bender]], edits will be overwritten. For comments, please use [[User_talk:Bender]].
[[category:File Format Extension]]

Ext:gml

2025-11-19T08:45:10Z

Polluks: /* File types */ Generalized Markup Language

: ''Information for extension '''.gml'''''
=File types=
==Geography Markup Language==
===PRONOM===
* [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/227 x-fmt/227]
===Alias===
* GML
===Mime-type===
* [http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/gml+xml application/gml+xml]
==Generalized Markup Language==

----
''Source: [[PRONOM]]''

=Resources=
* [[Special:Search/gml|Search for 'gml' on this wiki]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/.gml Information about 'gml' on Wikipedia]
* [http://filext.com/file-extension/gml Information about extension '.gml' on FilExt.com]
* [http://www.fileinfo.com/extension/gml Information about extension '.gml' on FileInfo.com]
* [http://www.file-extensions.org/search/?searchstring=gml Information about 'gml' on File-Extensions.org]
* [http://extension.nirsoft.net/gml List of programs that can open '.gml' files on File Extensions Information For Windows website]
* [https://www.google.com/search?as_epq=.gml Search Google for '.gml']
----
: This page has been generated automatically by [[User:Bender|Bender]], edits will be overwritten. For comments, please use [[User_talk:Bender]].
[[category:File Format Extension]]

User:Polluks

2025-11-19T08:39:24Z

Polluks: /* XAD */ VMARC

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]
* [[VBM (VDC BitMap)]]
* [[P]] https://k1.spdns.de/Develop/Projects/zasm/Info/O80%20and%20P81%20Format.txt
* [[BRU]]

== Reggae ==
* [[SID|sid]].demuxer
* [[WebP|webp]].demuxer

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>
* <s>[[IMD]]</s>
* <s>[[VMARC]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]
* [[TurboCalc]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

Ext:aws

2025-11-12T15:04:30Z

Polluks: /* File types */ tape

: ''Information for extension '''.aws'''''
=File types=
==StatGraphics Data File==
===PRONOM===
* [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/361 x-fmt/361]

----
''Source: [[PRONOM]]''
==AWS tape==
Hercules

=Resources=
* [[Special:Search/aws|Search for 'aws' on this wiki]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/.aws Information about 'aws' on Wikipedia]
* [http://filext.com/file-extension/aws Information about extension '.aws' on FilExt.com]
* [http://www.fileinfo.com/extension/aws Information about extension '.aws' on FileInfo.com]
* [http://www.file-extensions.org/search/?searchstring=aws Information about 'aws' on File-Extensions.org]
* [http://extension.nirsoft.net/aws List of programs that can open '.aws' files on File Extensions Information For Windows website]
* [https://www.google.com/search?as_epq=.aws Search Google for '.aws']
----
: This page has been generated automatically by [[User:Bender|Bender]], edits will be overwritten. For comments, please use [[User_talk:Bender]].
[[category:File Format Extension]]

User:Polluks

2025-11-05T14:26:45Z

Polluks: BRU

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]
* [[VBM (VDC BitMap)]]
* [[P]] https://k1.spdns.de/Develop/Projects/zasm/Info/O80%20and%20P81%20Format.txt
* [[BRU]]

== Reggae ==
* [[SID|sid]].demuxer
* [[WebP|webp]].demuxer

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>
* <s>[[IMD]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]
* [[TurboCalc]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

User:Polluks

2025-10-24T06:18:28Z

Polluks: /* XAD */ IMD

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]
* [[VBM (VDC BitMap)]]
* [[P]] https://k1.spdns.de/Develop/Projects/zasm/Info/O80%20and%20P81%20Format.txt

== Reggae ==
* [[SID|sid]].demuxer
* [[WebP|webp]].demuxer

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>
* <s>[[IMD]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]
* [[TurboCalc]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

UCSD p-System Filesystem

2025-10-07T12:02:52Z

Polluks: /* Links */ XAD

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Filesystem
|released=1978
}}
The '''UCSD p-System Filesystem''' was used in conjunction with UCSD Pascal, a version of the [[Pascal]] programming language released by the University of California, San Diego for a number of computer platforms. It was designed to have a self-contained, platform-independent environment that included a custom operating system and filesystem, as well as a compiler which compiled Pascal into virtual-system [[UCSD p-system p-code|p-code]] which could then be run by an intepreter for the specific hardware being used. The file system was limited to 77 files per volume due to the size allocated to directory entries.

== Links ==
* [http://ucsd-psystem-fs.sourceforge.net/ucsd-psystem-fs-1.22.pdf UCSD p-System Filesystem Reference Manual]
* [http://ucsd-psystem-xc.sourceforge.net/ Sourceforge project]
* [https://retrocomputing.stackexchange.com/questions/4618/what-was-the-point-of-apple-pascal-having-its-own-file-system What was the point of Apple Pascal having its own file system?]
* [[Wikipedia:UCSD Pascal|Wikipedia article: UCSD Pascal]]
* [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176984 Wikidata: UCSD Pascal]
* {{XAD}} (https://aminet.net/package/dev/src/xad_UCSD)

User:Polluks

2025-09-08T21:37:05Z

Polluks: P

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]
* [[VBM (VDC BitMap)]]
* [[P]] https://k1.spdns.de/Develop/Projects/zasm/Info/O80%20and%20P81%20Format.txt

== Reggae ==
* [[SID|sid]].demuxer
* [[WebP|webp]].demuxer

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]
* [[TurboCalc]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

P

2025-09-08T21:03:06Z

Polluks: ZX81 program file

'''P''', or the '''.p''' filename extension, might refer to:

* [[Applause]] (Draw Applause, Applause II) by Ashton-Tate
* MATLAB "P-code" or "P-file"
* [[P (Microsoft programming language)]]
* [[Pascal]]
* [[Pawn]]
* P-code - See [[Bytecode]]
* [[Pickle]] (Python)
* [[Prolog]]
* ZX81 program file

See also [[:Category:File formats with extension .p]].

{{disambiguation}}

User:Polluks

2025-08-11T12:45:12Z

Polluks: VBM

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]
* [[VBM (VDC BitMap)]]

== Reggae ==
* [[SID|sid]].demuxer
* [[WebP|webp]].demuxer

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]
* [[TurboCalc]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

IFF

2025-07-23T14:39:47Z

Polluks: /* FORM type cross-reference */ typo

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Metaformats
|extensions={{ext|iff}}, many others
|locfdd={{LoCFDD|fdd000115}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|x-fmt/157}}
|released=1985
}}
:''This article is about the generic IFF metaformat. For the IFF '''image format''', see [[ILBM]]. For Sun IFF, see [[Sun TAAC image]].''

'''IFF''' ('''Interchange File Format''') is a general-purpose binary file format introduced by Electronic Arts on the Commodore Amiga computer in 1985. It is sometimes known as '''IFF 85'''.

== Format details ==
An IFF file is composed of elements called "chunks". Each chunk consists of a [[FourCC|4-byte type identifier]] (represented by four ASCII characters), a 4-byte length, and the chunk's payload data. Some types of chunks contain a sequence of nested chunks. Multi-byte numeric values are [[Endianness|big-endian]].

IFF defines a number of standard chunks types. Additional types are invented as needed by IFF-based formats.

Of particular significance is chunk type <code>FORM</code>. Most IFF-based files are formatted as a single <code>FORM</code> chunk. A <code>FORM</code> chunk's data contains a four-byte "FORM type" code, indicating the data type, followed by a sequence of nested chunks.

An IFF-based format whose FORM type is ''xxxx'' might be referred to as "FORM ''xxxx''". FORM types may also be used as filename extensions.

== Identification ==
Most IFF files begin with the ASCII characters "<code>FORM</code>". The file type is then indicated by the 4-byte ASCII code beginning at offset 8.

There are also aggregate formats that begin with "<code>LIST</code>" or "<code>CAT </code>".

== FORM type cross-reference ==
Selected FORM types, and related articles, are listed below. See also [[:Category:IFF based file formats]].

{| class="wikitable"
! FORM type
! Refer to
! Remarks
|-
| <code>8SVX</code> || [[8-Bit Sampled Voice]] || 8-bit sampled sound voice; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>ACBM</code> || [[ILBM#ACBM]] ||
|-
| <code>AIFC</code> || [[AIFC]] ||
|-
| <code>AIFF</code> || [[AIFF]] ||
|-
| <code>AMFF</code> || [[Amiga Metafile]] ||
|-
| <code>ANBM</code> || || Animated bitmap; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>ANIM</code> || [[ANIM]] ||
|-
| <code>CMUS</code> || [[DeLuxe Music Score]] ||
|-
| <code>CTLG</code> || || Amiga Catalog translaton format
|-
| <code>D3TV</code> || [[D3TV]] ||
|-
| <code>DEEP</code> || [[IFF-DEEP]] ||
|-
| <code>DR2D</code> || [[DR2D]] ||
|-
| <code>FANT</code> || [[Fantavision]] ||
|-
| <code>FAXX</code> || [[FAXX]] ||
|-
| <code>FNTR</code> || || Raster font; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>FNTV</code> || || Vector font; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>FTXT</code> || [[FTXT]] || Formatted text; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>GSCR</code> || || General-use musical score; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>ICON</code> || [[GlowIcons]] ||
|-
| <code>IFRS</code> || [[Blorb]] ||
|-
| <code>ILBM</code> || [[ILBM]] || Interleaved raster bitmap image; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>IMAG</code> || [[CD-I IFF IMAG]] ||
|-
| <code>LWLO</code>, <code>LWOB</code>, <code>LWO2</code> || [[LightWave Object]]
|-
| <code>MAUD</code> || [[IFF-MAUD]] || Amiga sound format
|-
| <code>MLDF</code> || [[MLDF]] || Unknown graphics format
|-
| <code>PBM</code> || [[ILBM#PBM]] ||
|-
| <code>PDEF</code> || || Deluxe Print page definition; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>PICS</code> || || Macintosh picture; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>PLBM</code> || || (obsolete); listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>RGFX</code> || [[RGFX]] ||
|-
| <code>SCDH</code> || || Sim City 2000 saved city (*.sc2)
|-
| <code>SMUS</code> || [[SMUS]] || Simple musical score; listed in the original IFF spec. [http://1fish2.github.io/IFF/IFF%20docs%20with%20Commodore%20revisions/SMUS.pdf]
|-
| <code>SSA </code> || [[IFF-SSA]] || ClariSSA Super smooth Animation
|-
| <code>TDDD</code> || [[TDDD]], [[Imagine Object File]]
|-
| <code>USCR</code> || || Uhuru Sound Software musical score; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>UVOX</code> || || Uhuru Sound Software Macintosh voice; listed in the original IFF spec.
|-
| <code>VAXL</code> || [[VAXL]] || Unknown animation format
|-
| <code>VDEO</code> || [[VDEO]] || Deluxe Video Construction Set video; listed in the original IFF spec.
|}

== Variant formats ==
Some other formats are largely or heavily influenced by the IFF standard, but are not compatible. These include, for example:
* Erlang [[BEAM]] compiled modules: Uses 4 byte alignment instead of 2 byte, and the root chunk has a different ID (<code>FOR1</code> instead of <code>FORM</code>)
* Microsoft's [[RIFF]] and [[RIFX]] formats are based on IFF (RIFF uses [[Endianness|little-endian]] byte order instead, and the root chunk is called <code>RIFF</code> instead of <code>FORM</code>)
* Apple's [[AIFF]] and [[AIFC]] formats are similar to IFF/RIFF as well
* [[Maya IFF]]
* [[IFF (The Sims)]]

== Specifications ==
* [http://1fish2.github.io/IFF/ The EA IFF-85 Repository]
** [http://1fish2.github.io/IFF/IFF%20docs%20with%20Commodore%20revisions/EA%20IFF%2085.pdf EA IFF 85] - January 14, 1985 (Updated Oct, 1988 Commodore-Amiga, Inc.)
** [http://1fish2.github.io/IFF/IFF%20docs%20with%20Commodore%20revisions/IFF%20Quick%20Intro.pdf A Quick Introduction to IFF]
** [https://github.com/1fish2/IFF/blob/master/IFF%20retrospective.md IFF Retrospective] by Jerry Morrison, 2013
** [https://github.com/1fish2/IFF/blob/master/64-bit%20IFF.md 64-bit IFF] (abandoned)
* [http://wiki.amigaos.net/wiki/EA_IFF_85_Standard_for_Interchange_Format_Files EA IFF 85] (Updated October, 1988 Amiga, Inc.) - From AmigaOS Documentation Wiki
* [http://www.martinreddy.net/gfx/2d/IFF.txt The original EA spec]
** [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/ea.iff Another copy at textfiles.com]
* [http://www.fileformat.info/format/iff/spec/7866a9f0e53c42309af667c5da3bd426/view.htm IFF.TXT] - A concatenation of about a dozen IFF-related documents, from FileFormat.Info

== Sample files ==
* CTLG: {{DexvertSamples|other/iffCTLG}}

== Links ==
* [http://wiki.amigaos.net/wiki/IFF_FORM_and_Chunk_Registry IFF chunk registry], defining all known chunks
* [http://wiki.amigaos.net/wiki/IFF_Source_Code IFF Source Code]
* [http://rewiki.regengedanken.de/wiki/.IFF REWiki: .IFF]
* {{EGFF|iff|IFF File Format Summary}}, from the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/admusfmt.pro 1994 "advanced music formats" discussion that covers some IFF formats]
* [http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/pa-spec16/ IBM developerWorks: The Interchange File Format]
* [http://sandervanderburg.blogspot.com/2012/06/iff-file-format-experiments.html IFF file format experiments]

[[Category:IFF based file formats| ]]
[[Category:Audio and Music]]
[[Category:Graphics]]
[[Category:Video]]
[[Category:Amiga]]
[[Category:Electronic Arts]]

User:Polluks

2025-07-23T08:48:53Z

Polluks: /* Reggae */ SID

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

== Reggae ==
* [[SID|sid]].demuxer
* [[WebP|webp]].demuxer

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]
* [[TurboCalc]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

User:Polluks

2025-07-23T08:43:22Z

Polluks: Reggae

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

== Reggae ==
* [[WebP|webp]].demuxer

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]
* [[TurboCalc]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

Operating Systems

2025-07-21T13:40:29Z

Polluks: /* Mainframe */ IBM System/370

{|
|[[Software]]
| >
|[[Operating Systems]]
|}

'''Operating Systems''' are what make [[computer]]s do what they do, managing their resources and overseeing input, output, and data storage and retrieval. They form a platform on which applications software (programs, apps, programming languages, etc.) runs. Operating systems (or OSs) can be proprietary or free, closed or open source, and specific to one manufacturer's hardware or portable between multiple hardware platforms.

A category of particular interest to fans of nonproprietary software are those OSs that are developed independently of a closed proprietary system and allow the use of software originally developed for those systems to run without them. Ideally as well as being binary compatible at the user level, they are also driver compatible (allowing the use of older hardware as well).

== Proprietary OSs ==

=== Mainframe ===

* [[Compatible Time Sharing System]]
* [[IBM System/360]]
* [[IBM System/370]]
* [[IBM i]]
* [[Multics]]
* [[TOPS-10]]
* [[TOPS-20]]

=== Minicomputer / Server ===

* [[IBM System/34]]
* [[IBM System/36]]
* [[Unix]]
** [[SCO OpenServer]]
* [[VAX/VMS]]

=== Personal computer ===

* [[Apple I]]
* [[Apple II]]
** [[Apple II DOS]]
** [[ProDOS]]
* [[Apple III]]
** [[Apple SOS]]
* [[Apple Macintosh]]
** [[MacOS]]
** [[OS X]]
* [[BeOS]]
* [[CP/M]]
* [[EOS]] (Coleco ADAM)
* [[IBM 5100]]
* [[MSX]]
* [[NeXTstep]]
* [[OS/2]]
* [[PC-DOS]] / [[MS-DOS]]
* [[RISC OS]]
* [[TRS-DOS]] (Tandy/Radio Shack)
* [[Windows]]
** [[Windows 3.1]] (successful)
** [[Windows 95]] (successful)
** [[Windows 98]]
** [[Windows NT]]
** [[Windows 2000]]
** [[Windows XP]] (successful)
** [[Windows Vista]] (failed)
** [[Windows 7]] (successful)
** [[Windows 8]] (failed)
** [[Windows 10]] (they skipped Windows 9) (successful)
** [[Windows 11]] (failed?)

=== Mobile device ===

* [[Android]] (Google)
* [[Apple Newton]]
* [[Blackberry]]
* [[iOS]] (Apple devices)
* [[PalmOS]]
* [[WebOS]]
* [[Windows Mobile]]

== Free OSs ==

* [[AmogOS]]
* [[Firefox OS]]
* [[FreeBSD]]
* [[Linux]]
* [[Robot Operating System]] [http://www.ros.org/wiki/]
* [[Tizen]]
* [[Ubuntu Touch]]
* [[WristOS]] (Dynawa wrist computer)
* [[X Window System]]

=== Nonproprietary OSs emulating proprietary ones ===
(see also [[Emulation Software]])

* [[FreeDOS]] - DOS
* [[ReactOS]] - MS Windows - see also [[Wine]]
* [[Haiku]] - BeOS

== Links ==
* [http://simh.trailing-edge.com/pdf/pdp10_doc.pdf PDP-10 simulator instructions]
* [http://retrocmp.com/projects/virtual-pdp-10-ki10-panel-on-simh Virtual PDP-10 KI10 panel on SimH]
* [http://wiki.osdev.org/Main_Page OSDEV wiki for operating system developers]

[[Category:Software]]
[[Category:Operating Systems| ]]

Operating Systems

2025-07-21T13:38:19Z

Polluks: Undo revision 50524 by Polluks (talk)

{|
|[[Software]]
| >
|[[Operating Systems]]
|}

'''Operating Systems''' are what make [[computer]]s do what they do, managing their resources and overseeing input, output, and data storage and retrieval. They form a platform on which applications software (programs, apps, programming languages, etc.) runs. Operating systems (or OSs) can be proprietary or free, closed or open source, and specific to one manufacturer's hardware or portable between multiple hardware platforms.

A category of particular interest to fans of nonproprietary software are those OSs that are developed independently of a closed proprietary system and allow the use of software originally developed for those systems to run without them. Ideally as well as being binary compatible at the user level, they are also driver compatible (allowing the use of older hardware as well).

== Proprietary OSs ==

=== Mainframe ===

* [[Compatible Time Sharing System]]
* [[IBM System/360]]
* [[IBM i]]
* [[Multics]]
* [[TOPS-10]]
* [[TOPS-20]]

=== Minicomputer / Server ===

* [[IBM System/34]]
* [[IBM System/36]]
* [[Unix]]
** [[SCO OpenServer]]
* [[VAX/VMS]]

=== Personal computer ===

* [[Apple I]]
* [[Apple II]]
** [[Apple II DOS]]
** [[ProDOS]]
* [[Apple III]]
** [[Apple SOS]]
* [[Apple Macintosh]]
** [[MacOS]]
** [[OS X]]
* [[BeOS]]
* [[CP/M]]
* [[EOS]] (Coleco ADAM)
* [[IBM 5100]]
* [[MSX]]
* [[NeXTstep]]
* [[OS/2]]
* [[PC-DOS]] / [[MS-DOS]]
* [[RISC OS]]
* [[TRS-DOS]] (Tandy/Radio Shack)
* [[Windows]]
** [[Windows 3.1]] (successful)
** [[Windows 95]] (successful)
** [[Windows 98]]
** [[Windows NT]]
** [[Windows 2000]]
** [[Windows XP]] (successful)
** [[Windows Vista]] (failed)
** [[Windows 7]] (successful)
** [[Windows 8]] (failed)
** [[Windows 10]] (they skipped Windows 9) (successful)
** [[Windows 11]] (failed?)

=== Mobile device ===

* [[Android]] (Google)
* [[Apple Newton]]
* [[Blackberry]]
* [[iOS]] (Apple devices)
* [[PalmOS]]
* [[WebOS]]
* [[Windows Mobile]]

== Free OSs ==

* [[AmogOS]]
* [[Firefox OS]]
* [[FreeBSD]]
* [[Linux]]
* [[Robot Operating System]] [http://www.ros.org/wiki/]
* [[Tizen]]
* [[Ubuntu Touch]]
* [[WristOS]] (Dynawa wrist computer)
* [[X Window System]]

=== Nonproprietary OSs emulating proprietary ones ===
(see also [[Emulation Software]])

* [[FreeDOS]] - DOS
* [[ReactOS]] - MS Windows - see also [[Wine]]
* [[Haiku]] - BeOS

== Links ==
* [http://simh.trailing-edge.com/pdf/pdp10_doc.pdf PDP-10 simulator instructions]
* [http://retrocmp.com/projects/virtual-pdp-10-ki10-panel-on-simh Virtual PDP-10 KI10 panel on SimH]
* [http://wiki.osdev.org/Main_Page OSDEV wiki for operating system developers]

[[Category:Software]]
[[Category:Operating Systems| ]]

Operating Systems

2025-07-21T13:37:40Z

Polluks: /* Minicomputer / Server */ IBM System/37

{|
|[[Software]]
| >
|[[Operating Systems]]
|}

'''Operating Systems''' are what make [[computer]]s do what they do, managing their resources and overseeing input, output, and data storage and retrieval. They form a platform on which applications software (programs, apps, programming languages, etc.) runs. Operating systems (or OSs) can be proprietary or free, closed or open source, and specific to one manufacturer's hardware or portable between multiple hardware platforms.

A category of particular interest to fans of nonproprietary software are those OSs that are developed independently of a closed proprietary system and allow the use of software originally developed for those systems to run without them. Ideally as well as being binary compatible at the user level, they are also driver compatible (allowing the use of older hardware as well).

== Proprietary OSs ==

=== Mainframe ===

* [[Compatible Time Sharing System]]
* [[IBM System/360]]
* [[IBM i]]
* [[Multics]]
* [[TOPS-10]]
* [[TOPS-20]]

=== Minicomputer / Server ===

* [[IBM System/34]]
* [[IBM System/36]]
* [[IBM System/37]]
* [[Unix]]
** [[SCO OpenServer]]
* [[VAX/VMS]]

=== Personal computer ===

* [[Apple I]]
* [[Apple II]]
** [[Apple II DOS]]
** [[ProDOS]]
* [[Apple III]]
** [[Apple SOS]]
* [[Apple Macintosh]]
** [[MacOS]]
** [[OS X]]
* [[BeOS]]
* [[CP/M]]
* [[EOS]] (Coleco ADAM)
* [[IBM 5100]]
* [[MSX]]
* [[NeXTstep]]
* [[OS/2]]
* [[PC-DOS]] / [[MS-DOS]]
* [[RISC OS]]
* [[TRS-DOS]] (Tandy/Radio Shack)
* [[Windows]]
** [[Windows 3.1]] (successful)
** [[Windows 95]] (successful)
** [[Windows 98]]
** [[Windows NT]]
** [[Windows 2000]]
** [[Windows XP]] (successful)
** [[Windows Vista]] (failed)
** [[Windows 7]] (successful)
** [[Windows 8]] (failed)
** [[Windows 10]] (they skipped Windows 9) (successful)
** [[Windows 11]] (failed?)

=== Mobile device ===

* [[Android]] (Google)
* [[Apple Newton]]
* [[Blackberry]]
* [[iOS]] (Apple devices)
* [[PalmOS]]
* [[WebOS]]
* [[Windows Mobile]]

== Free OSs ==

* [[AmogOS]]
* [[Firefox OS]]
* [[FreeBSD]]
* [[Linux]]
* [[Robot Operating System]] [http://www.ros.org/wiki/]
* [[Tizen]]
* [[Ubuntu Touch]]
* [[WristOS]] (Dynawa wrist computer)
* [[X Window System]]

=== Nonproprietary OSs emulating proprietary ones ===
(see also [[Emulation Software]])

* [[FreeDOS]] - DOS
* [[ReactOS]] - MS Windows - see also [[Wine]]
* [[Haiku]] - BeOS

== Links ==
* [http://simh.trailing-edge.com/pdf/pdp10_doc.pdf PDP-10 simulator instructions]
* [http://retrocmp.com/projects/virtual-pdp-10-ki10-panel-on-simh Virtual PDP-10 KI10 panel on SimH]
* [http://wiki.osdev.org/Main_Page OSDEV wiki for operating system developers]

[[Category:Software]]
[[Category:Operating Systems| ]]

Face The Music module

2025-06-03T14:21:55Z

Polluks: /* Sample files */ Aminet

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Audio and Music
|extensions={{ext|ftm}}
}}

== Description ==
'''.ftm''' files are 8-voices modules produced by Face The Music, a tracker program for the Amiga.

== Information ==
* [http://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?t=62254 Article discussing the program]

== Software ==
* [http://ftp.amigascne.org/pub/amiga/Sound/FaceTheMusic103.dms FaceTheMusic103.dms]

== Sample files ==
* http://janeway.exotica.org.uk/release.php?id=46870
* {{DexvertSamples|music/faceTheMusic}}
* [https://aminet.net/search?desc=ftm Aminet]

Face The Music module

2025-06-03T14:14:40Z

Polluks: /* Description */

Category:File formats with extension .tcd

2025-05-16T09:27:45Z

Polluks: Created page with "T"

[[Category:File formats by extension|T]]

TurboCalc

2025-05-16T09:26:54Z

Polluks: Created page with "{{FormatInfo |formattype=electronic |subcat=Document |subcat2=Spreadsheet |extensions={{ext|tcd}} |pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/1585}} }} '''TurboCalc''' is a spreadsheet format associ..."

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Document
|subcat2=Spreadsheet
|extensions={{ext|tcd}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/1585}}
}}
'''TurboCalc''' is a spreadsheet format associated with Stefan Ossowski's Schatztruhe.

==File Information==
* https://github.com/alb42/Leu/blob/master/TCDReaderUnit.pas

==Sample Files==
* [https://aminet.net/search?content=.tcd See Aminet]

User:Polluks

2025-05-14T22:08:58Z

Polluks: /* File */ TurboCalc

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]
* [[TurboCalc]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

Audio and Music

2025-05-08T22:23:32Z

Polluks: /* Music trackers */ ProTrekkr

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Audio and Music
|image=Music.jpg
|caption=Musical notation
}}
[[Electronic_File_Formats|Electronic Formats]] concerned with audio and musical data, including sound recording, instrument control, musical notation, etc.

For additional multimedia formats that may contain audio, see [[Video]].

== Introduction ==
* For an excellent introduction to the issues around audio and video formats, see [http://www.avpreserve.com/blog/a-primer-on-codecs-for-moving-image-and-sound-archives-2/ A Primer on Codecs for Moving Image and Sound Archives - and 10 Recommendations for Codec Selection & Management] [http://www.avpreserve.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/AVPS_Codec_Primer.pdf PDF version]
* [http://www.garymcgath.com/streamingprotocols.html Basics of streaming protocols]

== Album formats ==
(files containing entire music albums, with some track structure)
* [[Connected Media Experience]] (CME, CMX)
* [[iTunes LP]]

== Audio and sequencer software ==

* Ableton
** [[Ableton Live]]
* Adobe Audition
** [[Cool Edit / Audition Multi Track Session file]] (.ses)
** [[Audition]] (.sesx)
* Aldrin
** [[Creative Commons Module]] (.ccm)
* [[Audacity Project Format]] (.aup)
** [[Audacity AU]] (.au)
* Cakewalk
** [[Cakewalk Bundle (BUN)]] (.bun)
** [[Cakewalk Bundle (CWB)]] (.cwb)
** [[Cakewalk Dump Request Macro]] (.drm)
** [[Cakewalk Instrument Definition File]] (.ins)
** [[Cakewalk Project (CWP)]] (.cwp)
** [[Cakewalk Project (WRK)]] (.wrk)
** [[Cakewalk Sample Definition File]] (.sfz)
* [[CPS project]] (.cps)
* [[DeLuxe Music Score]]
* [[Digital Performer]]
* [[Dynamic Studio Professional module]]
* FruityLoops / FL Studio
** [[BeatCreator/BeatSlicer Grid File]] (.zgr)
** [[DrumSynth Preset]] (.ds)
** [[FL Studio Score File]] (.fsc)
** [[FL Studio State File]] (.fst)
** [[Humanize Preset]] (.fpr)
** [[Raw FL Studio Project]] (.flp)
** [[SimSynth Preset]] (.syn)
** [[Speech Preset]] (.speech)
* GarageBand (Mac)
** [[GarageBand project]] (.band, .gbproj)
** [[Magic GarageBand template]] (.wand)
** [[GarageBand MagicMentor template]] (.mwand)
* [[Hydrogen]] (.h2song, .h2pattern)
* [[iZotope RX]] (.rxdoc)
* Jeskola Buzz
** [[Jeskola Buzz machine]] (.dll)
** [[Jeskola Buzz machine preset]] (.prs, .prs.xml)
** [[Jeskola Buzz song]] (.bmx, .bmw)
* [[LMMS]] (Linux MultiMedia Studio) (.mmp, .mmpz)
* Logic Pro / Logic / Notator Logic
** [[Logic Pro project file]] (.logic, .logicx)
* [[Maestro]] (RISC OS)
* [[Make-A-Melody]] (''Big Blue Disk'' #42) (.mus)
* [[Nero SoundTrax]] (.npf)
* [[Nero WaveEditor]] (.nwf)
* Piston Collage / PxTone
** [[Piston Collage noise]] (.ptnoise)
** [[Piston Collage song]] (.ptcop, .pttune)
** [[Piston Collage voice]] (.ptvoice)
* Pro Tools
** [[Pro Tools (Mac)]] (.pt5, .p24, .pt4, .pt3)
** [[PTS]] (Pro Tools 5.1-6.9)
** [[PTF]] (Pro Tools 7-9)
** [[PTX (Pro Tools)|PTX]] (Pro Tools 10)
* Propellerhead (Reason, ReCycle)
** [[Propellerhead Reason NN-XT Patch File]] (.sx2)
** [[Propellerhead Reason Project File]] / song file (.reason, .rns, others)
** [[Propellerhead Reason ReFill Sound Bank]] (.rfl)
** [[Propellerhead ReCycle Loop File]] (.rex)
** [[Reason Studios REX2 Audio File]] (.rx2)
* [[Reaper Project]] (.rpp)
* [[Renoise]]
** [[Renoise song]] (.xrns)
** [[Renoise instrument]] (.xrni)
** [[Renoise DSP device-chain]] (.xrnt)
* [[ROXIO|Roxio]]
** [[DMSE]] (Sound Editor project)
** [[DMSA]] (Music Disc Creator project)
* SeaTone / PixTone
** [[PXT]] (.pxt)
* [[Sonic Foundry Acid]] (.acd)
* [[SoundDesigner II]] (.sd2)
* [[Soundtrack Pro]] (.stmp)
* Steinberg
** [[Cubase]]
*** [[ALL]] - A Steinberg [[Cubase]] VST file for saving songs (pre 2002).
*** [[ARR]] - A Steinberg [[Cubase]] VST file for saving arrangements (pre 2002).
*** [[CPR]] - A Steinberg [[Cubase]] SX file for saving projects (2002 - ).
** [[Nuendo]]
*** [[NPR]] - A Steinberg [[Nuendo]] file for saving arrangements (2002 - ).
** [[WaveLab]]
*** [[MON]] (Audio montage)
* [[(Super) Studio Session song]] (.sss)
* [[Waveburner]] (.wb3)

== Audio recording and sound waves ==

* Lossless compression
** [[ATRAC Advanced Lossless]] (.aal)
** [[ADA]] (Advanced Digital Audio)
** [[ALAC]] (Apple Lossless Audio Codec)
** [[APAC]] (Marian's A-pac)
** [[Dakx Wav]]
** [[Dolby TrueHD]]
** [[DTS-HD]] (Lossless variant of DTS- DTS-HD Master Audio)
** [[FLAC]] (Free Lossless Audio Codec)
** [[G.711]]
** [[G.729]]
** [[HALAC]]
** [[Kexis]] (.kxs)
** [[LA]] (Lossless Audio)
** [[LiteWave]]
** [[LPAC]] (Lossless Predictive Audio Coding)
** [[MKW]]
** [[MLP]] (Meridian Lossless Packing Audio)
** [[Monkey's Audio]] (.ape)
** [[MPEG-4 ALS]] (MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding)
** [[MPEG-4 SLS]] (MPEG-4 Scalable lossless coding mode)
** [[MQA]] (Master Quality Authenticated)
** [[OptimFROG]] (.ofr, .ofs)
** [[Perfect Clarity Audio]] (.pca)
** [[RALF]] (Real Lossless Audio Codec)
** [[RK Audio]] (.rka)
** [[Shorten]] (.shn)
** [[Sonarc]]
** [[Split2000]]
** [[TAK]] (.tak)
** [[True Audio]] (.tta)
** [[VocPack]]
** [[WavArc]]
** [[WavPack]] (.wv)
** [[WMA Lossless]] (Windows Media Audio 9 Lossless)
* Lossy compression
** [[AAC]] (Advanced Audio Coding)
** [[ADPCM|Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation]]
*** [[ACT]]
*** [[ADPCM-A]] (Yamaha)
*** [[ADPCM-B]] (Yamaha)
*** [[VOX]]
** [[Adaptive Multi-Rate WideBand Audio]]
** [[Adaptive Multi-Rate Audio]] (.amr)
** [[Archimedes VIDC audio]]
** ATRAC or [[Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding]] (.aa3, .oma, .at3)
** [[Audible Audiobook]] (.aa, .aax)
** [[Audition Loop]] (.cel)
** [[CELT]] (.ogg)
** [[Digital Theater Systems]] (.dts)
** [[Dolby Digital]] (AC-3 or ATSC A/52)
** [[Encodec]] (.ecdc)
** [[GSM]] (GSM 6.10 RPE-LTP)
** [[LB]] (Low Bitrate)
** [[M4B]] (iTunes Audio Book)
** [[M4P]] (Fairplay DRM Encrypted [[M4A]])
** MP1: See [[MPEG Audio Layer I]]
** MP2: See [[MPEG Audio Layer II]]
** [[MP3]] (MPEG-1 / MPEG-2 Audio Layer III)
*** [[packMP3]]
*** [[mp3PRO]]
*** [[MP3 wrapper]] - '''reversibly''' combine mp3 files into one playable mp3 (often used on filesharing services that banned other formats like zip/rar)
**** [[zip/rar.mp3]]
**** [[AlbumWrap (ALBW)]]
**** [[MooseWrap (DJWrap)]]
**** [[Mp3Wrap]]
**** [[Track Wrapper (TRKW)]]
**** [[MP3 Album Maker]]
**** [[M3A]]
**** [[Wrapster]] (when adding MP3 files to a wrapped MP3 file)
** MPA (MPEG Audio): See [[MPEG Audio Layer II]]
** MP+ (MPEGplus Audio): See [[Musepack Audio]]
** MPEG-4 Audio: Can refer to various formats connected with [[MPEG-4]], including [[AAC]]. (.m4a, .m4b, .m4p, .m4r, .mp4, .aac)
** [[MPEG Audio Layer I]] (MP1)
** [[MPEG Audio Layer II]] (MP2; MPEG-1 Audio Layer II)
** [[Musepack Audio]] (.mpc)
** [[Opus]] (.opus)
** [[Quite OK Audio]] (.qoa)
** [[RealAudio]] (.ra)
** [[Speex]] (.spx)
** [[SWA]]
** [[Vorbis]] (.logg, .oga, .ogg)
** [[WMA]] (Windows Media Audio)
* Proprietary
** [[DCT]] (Dictation format by NCH Software)
** [[Digital Speech Standard]] (.dss)
** [[Digital Voice File]] (.dvf)
** [[IC Sound]] (.ics)
** [[iKlax]] (iKlax Media)
** [[Memory Stick Voice]] (.msv)
** [[Panasonic VM1]] (.vm1)
** [[Pono]]
** [[PXD]]
** [[RCA-VOC]] (.voc)
** [[Sonic Foundry Sample Resource]] (.sfr)
* Separated parts of tracks
** [[Stems]]
* Uncompressed audio
** [[AIFF|AIF / AIFF]] (Audio Interchange File Format)
** [[Berkeley/IRCAM/Carl Sound Format]] (.sf)
** [[BWF]] (Broadcast Wave Format; variant of WAV)
** [[DSD]] (Direct Stream Digital) (.dsf)
** [[RAW (Audio)|RAW]] (.raw, .pcm)
** [[RF64]] (extended variant of BWF)
** [[Sony Wave64]] (.w64)
** [[WAV]] (Waveform Audio File Format)
* Various encodings
** [[AIFC]] ([[AIFF]] Compressed)
** [[AU]] (Sun Microsystems audio format)
** [[Computerized Speech Lab NSP]] (.nsp)
** [[DiamondWare Digitized]] (.dwd)
** [[Bonk]] (lossy/lossless audio compression)
** [[INRS-Telecom file]] (.aud)
** [[SIFF]] (.son)
** [[SPPACK]] (.d)
** [[WVE (Psion)]]
** [[IAMF]] [https://opensource.googleblog.com/2025/01/introducing-eclipsa-audio-immersive-audio-for-everyone.html 1]

=== Peak Files ===
* [[PEK]] (Adobe Premiere Pro Peak file)
* [[PKF]] (Adobe Audition Peak File)
* [[GPK]] (WaveLab Peak File)
* [[SFK]] (SoundForge/Sony Peak File)
* [[WFM]] (Avid WaveCache.wfm)

== Chiptune ==

* [[SAM Coupé song]] (.cop, .sng)

== Configuration files ==

* [[X2A]] (Yamaha S70xs/S90xs keyboard workstations)

== Container formats ==

* [[AAF]] (Advanced Authoring Format)
* [[ASF]] (Advanced Systems Format)
* [[Core Audio Format]] (.caf)
* [[Extensible Music Format]] (.xmf)
* [[IFF]]
* [[Matroska Audio]] (.mka)
* [[MP4]] (MPEG-4 Part 14 media container)
* [[Ogg]] (.ogg, .oga, .ogx, .spx, .opus)
* [[OMF Interchange]] (Open Media Framework Interchange format)
* [[Qualcomm QCP]] (Purevoice)
* [[Rich Music Format]] (.rmf)
* [[RealMedia]] (.rm)
* [[WAV]]
* [[WebM]] (.webm) (also used for video)

== Emulated music ==

* [[2SF]] (Nintendo DS [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
* [[3G2]] (3GPP, also a video format)
* [[3GP]] (3GPP, also a video format)
* [[Atari SoundHeader]] (SNDH)
* [[AY]] (Amstrad CPC / ZX Spectrum / ZXAYEMUL)
* [[AZX]] (ZX Spectrum)
* [[Custom Amiga Module]] (CUST)
* [[DSF]] (Dreamcast [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
* [[EPSGMOD]] (.epsgmod, Mod2PSG)
* [[Fuxoft AY Language]] (.fmx)
* [[Game Boy Sound]] (.gbs)
* [[GBR]] (Game Boy Sound)
* [[Gens Sound Record]] (GSR)
* [[GSF]] (Game Boy Advance [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
* [[HES]] (Hudson Entertainment System)
* [[KSS]] (MSX)
* [[KSSX]] (Possible expansion of [[KSS]])
* [[MDX (X68000)|MDX]] (Sharp X68000 / MXDRV)
* [[NES Sound Format]] (.nsf)
* [[NES Sound Format Extended]] (.nsfe)
* [[NSD (audio)|NSD]]
* [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]] (Portable Sound Format)
* [[PSF1]] (Playstation [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
* [[PSF2]] (Playstation 2 [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
* [[QSF]] (Capcom Q-Sound [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
* [[SC68]] (Atari ST / Atari STE / Amiga)
* [[SGC]] (Sega Master System / Game Gear / Colecovision)
* [[SID]] (Commodore 64)
* [[SPC (Audio)|SPC]] (Super Nintendo SPC700)
* [[SSF]] (Sega Saturn [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
* [[USF]] (Nintendo 64 [[Portable Sound Format|PSF]])
* [[YM]] (Amstrad CPC / Spectrum ZX / Atari ST)

== Game audio and music ==

(see also [[Game data files]])

* [[4X IMA ADPCM]]
* Accolade
** [[Accolade MIDI File Format]]
* Adept Software
** [[God of Thunder Music Format]]
* [[AFC]] (AFX Audio File) -- used in Mass Effect 2
* Apogee
** [[Crystal Caves Sound format]]
* Atari
** [[Slight Atari Player]] (Atari POKEY)
* [[BAF]] (Blur ADPCM)
* [[BAKA]] (PCM 16 bit)
* Bandai
** [[WSR]] (WonderSwan / WonderSwan Color)
* [[BH2PCM]]
* [[BNSF]] (G.722.1)
* Cave Story
** [[Organya]]
* Commodore Amiga
** [[A.M. Composer v1.2]] (.amc)
** [[AC1D-DC1A Packer]] (.ac1d)
** [[Actionamics Sound Tool]] (.ast)
** [[AMOS Music Bank]] (.abk)
** [[AMOS Memory Bank#AMOS Samples Bank|AMOS Samples Bank]] (.abk)
** [[Art & Magic]] (.aam)
** [[Audio Sculpture]] (.as)
** [[Beathoven Synthesiser]] (.bss)
** [[Ben Daglish]] (.bd)
** [[Ben Daglish SID]] (.bds)
** [[Ben Replay]] (.ben)
** [[Channel Players]] (.chan)
** [[Cinemaware]] (.cin)
** [[Core Design]] (.core)
** [[CustomMade]] (.cm)
** [[Darius Zendeh]] (.dz)
** [[Dave Lowe]] (.dl)
** [[Dave Lowe New]] (.dln)
** [[David Hanney]] (.dh)
** [[David Whittaker]] (.dw)
** [[Desire]] (.dsr)
** [[Digital Illusions]] (.di)
** [[Digital Sonix & Chrome]] (.dsc)
** [[Digital Sound Creations]] (.han)
** [[Dirk Bialluch]] (.tpu)
** [[Dynamic Synthesizer]] (.dns)
** [[Editeur Musical Sequentiel]] (.ems)
** [[Follin Player II]] (.tf)
** [[Fred Editor]] (.fred)
** [[Fred Gray]] (.fg)
** [[Future Player]] (.fp)
** [[FWMP]] (.fw)
** [[Game Music Creator]] (.gmc)
** [[Gnu Player]] (.gp)
** [[Hippel]] (.hip)
** [[Hippel-COSO]] (.hipc)
** [[Hornet Packer]] (.hrt)
** [[Howie Davies]] (.hd)
** [[IFF-MAUD]]
** [[Images Music System]] (.ims)
** [[Infogrames INS]] (.ins)
** [[Janko Mrsic-Flogel]] (.jmf)
** [[Jason Brooke]] (.jcb)
** [[Jason Page]] (.jp)
** [[Jeroen Tel]] (.jt)
** [[Jesper Olsen]] (.jo)
** [[Jochen Hippel]] (.hip)
** [[Kefrens Sound Machine]] (.ksm)
** [[Kris Hatlelid]] (.kh)
** [[Leggless Music Editor]] (.lme)
** [[Magnetic Fields Packer]] (.mfp)
** [[Maniacs of Noise]] (.mon, .jt)
** [[Mark Cooksey]] (.mc)
** [[Mark II Sound-System]] (.mii, .mk2, .mkii)
** [[Martin Walker]] (.mw)
** [[MaxTrax]] (.mxtx)
** [[Mike Davies]] (.md)
** [[MMDC]] (Module packer)
** [[Mugician]] (.mug)
** [[Mugician II]] (.mug2)
** [[NoiseRunner]] (.nr)
** [[NovoTrade Packer]] (.ntp)
** [[Pierre Adane Packer]] (.pap)
** [[Power Music]] (.pm)
** [[Professional Sound Artists]] (.psa)
** [[Promizer 0.1]] (.pm01)
** [[Promizer 1.0c]] (.pm10)
** [[Promizer 1.8a]] (.pm18)
** [[Promizer 2.0]] (.pm20)
** [[Promizer 4.0]] (.pm40)
** [[ProPacker 1.0]] (.pp10)
** [[ProPacker 2.1]] (.pp21)
** [[ProPacker 3.0]] (.pp30)
** [[Prorunner]] (.prun1, .prun2)
** [[Richard Joseph]] or Vectordean (.rjp)
** [[Rob Hubbard]] (.rh, .rho)
** [[Ron Klaren]] (.rk)
** [[Sean Connolly]] (.scn)
** [[Sean Conran]] (.scr)
** [[Sidmon]] (.sid, .sid2)
** [[Silmarils]] (.mok)
** [[SKYT Packer]] (.skyt)
** [[Sonic Arranger]] (.sa)
** [[Sound Images]] (.tw)
** [[Sound Master]] (.sm)
** [[Sound Programming Language]] (.spl)
** [[Soundcontrol]] (.sct)
** [[Soundfactory]] (.psf)
** [[SoundPlayer]] (.sjs)
** [[Special FX]] (.jd)
** [[Speedy System]] (.ss)
** [[Steve Barrett]] (.sb)
** [[Jason Page|Steve Turner]] (.jpo)
* [[Star Trekker Packer]] (.stpk)
** [[Synth Dream]] (.sdr)
** [[Synth Pack]] (.osp)
** [[The Musical Enlightenment]] (.tme)
** [[The Player]] (.p22a, .p30a, .p40a, .p40b, .p50a, .p60a, .p61a)
** [[Titanics Player]] (.ttp)
** [[Tracker Packer 1]] (.tp1)
** [[Tracker Packer 2]] (.tp2)
** [[Tracker Packer 3]] (.tp3)
** [[Thomas Hermann]] (.thm)
** [[Wally Beben]] (.wb)
** [[Wanton Packer]] (.wn)
** [[XANN Packer]] (.xann)
** [[Zen Packer]] (.zen)
* CRI Middleware
** [[ADX]]
** [[AFS]] (container format for [[ADX]] / [[AHX (CRI)]])
** [[AHX (CRI)]]
** [[AIX]]
* [[DCS]] (ADPCM)
* [[Death Rally Archive]] (.bpa)
* [[DMSG]] (PCM 16 bit)
* [[EACS IMA ADPCM]] (.kcey)
* Electronic Arts
** [[8-Bit Sampled Voice]] (.8svx, .iff)
** [[Asylum Music Format]] (.amf, used in Crusader: No Remorse / Crusader: No Regret)
** [[Electronic Arts AS4 / ASF Music]] (.as4, .asf)
** [[Electronic Arts CMV]]
** [[Electronic Arts KSF Music]] (.ksf)
** [[Electronic Arts MAD]]
** [[Electronic Arts MUS]] (.mus)
** [[Electronic Arts SCxl]]
** [[Electronic Arts Sound Effects]] (.bnk, .crd)
** [[Electronic Arts Sound / Speech Files]] (.eas, .sph)
** [[Electronic Arts TGV]]
** [[Electronic Arts WVE]]
** [[IFF]] (Amiga 8SVX)
*** [[IFF-MAUD]]
** [[Sonix Music Driver]] (.smus)
* [[EMFF]] (ADPCM)
* Epic Megagames
** [[Epic Megagames MASI]] (.masi, .psm)
* [[Final Fantasy XI Music file]] (.bgw)
* [[FMOD Sample Bank]] (.fsb)
* [[Funcom ISS]]
* Galaxy Music System
** [[Galaxy Music System v4.0]]
** [[Galaxy Music System v5.0]] (.j2b)
* [[GCW]] (PCM 16 bit)
* [[Generic Header]] (.genh, Generic Header Creator)
* Herad Music System
** [[Herad Music System AGD]] (.agd)
** [[Herad Music System SDB]] (.sdb)
** [[Herad Music System SQX]] (.sqx)
* [[HIS]] (PCM 8 bit)
* id Software
** [[Doom MUS]]
** [[id Software DNF]] (.dnf)
** [[id Software Music Format]] (.imf)
** [[id Software WLF]] (.wlf)
* [[IMA ADPCM]] (.bar, .dvi, .hwas, .idvi, .ivaud, .myspd, .stma, .strm)
* [[Interplay ACM]] (.acm)
* [[Inverse Frequency Sound format]]
* [[iXMF]] (Interactive [[Extensible Music Format]])
* Ken Silverman
** [[Ken's Adlib Music]] (.ksm)
** [[Ken's Digital Music]] (.kdm)
** [[SM (Ken Silverman)]] (.sm)
** [[SND (Ken Silverman)]] (.snd)
* [[LOUDNESS Sound System]] (.lds)
* LucasArts
** [[LucasArts Adlib Audio]] (.laa)
** [[SCUMM]] (SCUMM)
* [[Martin Fernandez]] (.adlib)
* Microsoft
** [[0x0069]] (Xbox ADPCM)
** [[2DX]]
** [[2DX9]] (ADPCM)
** [[DE2]] (ADPCM)
** [[Xbox IMA ADPCM]] (.matx, .wavm, .wvs, .xmu, .xvas, .xwav)
* Mojang AB (Minecraft)
** [[Minecraft sounds.json]]

* Origin Software
** [[Ultima 6 Music]] (.m)
* PC-98 and PC-88
** [[Professional Music Driver PMD]] (.m, .m2)
* Pixel
** [[PMD (Pixel)]]
* [[Pixel Painters]] (.fmf)
* [[Ragnarok Online 2 RMP]]
* [[Shadowlands]] (.cal)
* Sierra
** [[Sierra AGI]] (Sierra AGI)
** [[Sierra SCI]] (Used in Sierra PC games)
* [[Sound Images Generation 2]] (.sig)
* [[Sound Interface System]] (.lem)
* [[STOS memory bank]] (.mbk)
* [[Unreal Music Format]] (.umx)
* Union Logic Software Publishing
** [[Vinyl Goddess From Mars Instrument Format]]
** [[Vinyl Goddess From Mars Music Format]]
* [[Unique Development Studios]] (.uds)
* [[Video Game Music]] (.vgm, .vgz)
* Westwood Studios
** [[Westwood Studios ADL]] (.adl)
** [[Westwood Studios AUD]] (.aud)
* [[Whacky Wheels]] (.klm)
* [[XMP Game Module]] (.j2b)

=== Nintendo ===

* [[Advanced Mario Sequencer file]] (.mss)
* [[BRSTMPSM]] (Super Paper Mario)
* [[Donkey Konga 2 DSP]] (Donkey Konga 2)
* [[Mario Paint Composer]] (MPC)
* [[Mario Sequencer file]] (.msq)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AAAP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii ADP]] (Nintendo Gamecube) (.adp)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AFC]] (Nintendo Gamecube)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AGSC]] (.agsc)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AMTS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii ASN]] (Nintendo Gamecube)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii ASR]] (Nintendo Wii)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii AST]] (Nintendo Wii sound format)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii BNS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii BO2]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii BRSTM]] (Nintendo Wii streaming format)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii CAPDSP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii CFN]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii DDSP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii DSP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii GCA]] (Nintendo Wii)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii GCM]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii GSP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii HPS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii IDSP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii ISD]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii ISH]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii KRAW]] (Nintendo Wii)
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii LPS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii MPDS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii MPDSP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii MSS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii MUS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii PDT]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii SDT]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii SMP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii SNS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii SPD]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii SPT]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii SSM]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii STM]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii STR]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii STS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii SWD]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii THP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii TYDSP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii VJDSP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii WAS]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii WSD]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii WSI]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii YDSP]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii YMF]]
* [[Nintendo GameCube / Wii ZWDSP]]
* [[SHI]] ([https://battleofthebits.com/lyceum/View/ShroomTool ShroomTool] Instrument, used for Mario Paint instruments)
* [[SHO]] (ShroomTool, used for Mario Paint sounds)

=== Sony ===

* [[ADS (PlayStation)]]
* [[ASS (PlayStation)]]
* [[AST (PlayStation)]]
* [[BG00 (PlayStation)]]
* [[BMDX (PlayStation)]]
* [[CCC (PlayStation)]]
* [[CNK (PlayStation)]]
* [[DXH (PlayStation)]]
* [[ENTH (PlayStation)]]
* [[FAG (PlayStation)]]
* [[FILP (PlayStation)]]
* [[FSB (PlayStation)]]
* [[GCM (PlayStation)]]
* [[GMS (PlayStation)]]
* [[HGC1 (PlayStation)]]
* [[I100 (PlayStation)]]
* [[I400 (PlayStation)]]
* [[I80 (PlayStation)]]
* [[IKM (PlayStation)]]
* [[ILD (PlayStation)]]
* [[IVB (PlayStation)]]
* [[JOE (PlayStation)]]
* [[KCES (PlayStation)]]
* [[KHV (PlayStation)]]
* [[LEG (PlayStation)]]
* [[MCG (PlayStation)]]
* [[MI4 (PlayStation)]]
* [[MIB (PlayStation)]]
* [[MIC (PlayStation)]]
* [[MIH (PlayStation)]]
* [[MIHB (PlayStation)]] (merged [[MIB|MIB (PlayStation)]] & [[MIH|MIH (PlayStation)]])
* [[MSA (PlayStation)]]
* [[MSVP (PlayStation)]]
* [[MUSC (PlayStation)]]
* [[NPSF (PlayStation)]]
* [[PNB (PlayStation)]]
* [[PSH (PlayStation)]]
* [[RKV (PlayStation)]]
* [[RND (PlayStation)]]
* [[RSTM (PlayStation)]]
* [[RWS (PlayStation)]]
* [[SFS (PlayStation)]]
* [[SIR (PlayStation)]]
* [[SL3 (PlayStation)]]
* [[SMPL (PlayStation)]]
* [[SND (PlayStation)]]
* [[SPU (PlayStation)]]
* [[STER (PlayStation)]]
* [[STH (PlayStation)]]
* [[STR (PlayStation)]]
* [[STS (PlayStation)]]
* [[SVAG (PlayStation)]]
* [[SVS (PlayStation)]]
* [[TEC (PlayStation)]]
* [[TK5 (PlayStation)]]
* [[VAS (PlayStation)]]
* [[VAG (PlayStation)]]
* [[VB2 (PlayStation & PS2)]]
* [[VGS (PlayStation)]]
* [[VIG (PlayStation)]]
* [[VPK (PlayStation)]]
* [[VS (PlayStation)]]
* [[VSF (PlayStation)]]
* [[WP2 (PlayStation)]]
* [[XA2 (PlayStation)]]
* [[XA30 (PlayStation)]]
* [[MI2 (PS2)]]

== Identifiers of musical works, recordings, artists, etc. ==
* [[International Standard Musical Work Code]] (ISWC)
* [[International Standard Recording Code]] (ISRC)
* [[MusicBrainz Identifier]]

== Karaoke ==
* [[CD+G]]
* [[UltraStar Karaoke]]

== Metadata formats and related data ==

* [[APE tag]]
* [[Argoknot]]
* Cue Sheet - See [[CUE and BIN]]
* [[ELAN Annotation Format]]
* [[Exif]]
* [[Zoom Project Settings]] (.hprj)
* [[ID3]]
* [[MDZ]]
* [[Monkey's Audio metadata]] (.apl)
* [[Vorbis comment]]

== Music trackers ==
(For more on this subject, listen to [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0nNuUKeh6o Jason Scott Talks His Way Out Of It: The Music Tracker Episode].)

* [[1tracker module]] (.1tm)
* [[AHX (Abyss)]] (Abyss Highest eXperience)
* [[Aley's Module]] (.alm)
* [[All Sound Tracker module]] (.ast)
* [[Amiga Module]] (.mod)
* [[AProSys module]] (.aps)
* [[Archimedes Tracker module]] (.musx)
* [[Arkos Tracker]] (.aks)
* [[Art of Noise module]] (.aon)
* [[ASC Sound Master module]] (.asc)
* [[B's Pro Tracker module]] (.bpm, .bps)
* [[Beepola song]] (.bbsong)
* [[BeRoTracker module]] (.br)
* [[BoyScout Tracker module]] (.bsf)
* Brian Postma SoundMon
** [[Brian Postma SoundMon v1.x module]] (.bp)
** [[Brian Postma SoundMon v2.x & v3.x module]] (.bp3)
** [[BS]]
* Buzzic
** [[Buzzic v1.x]] (.buz)
** [[Buzzic v2.0]] (.buz2)
* Chaos Music Composer
** [[CM3]] ([[CMC]] "3/4")
** [[CMC]] (Chaos Music Composer)
** [[CMR]] ([[CMC]] "Rzog")
** [[CMS]] (Stereo Double [[CMC]])
** [[DMC]] (Double ChaosMusicComposer)
* [[Chuck Biscuits/Black Artist module]] (.cba)
* [[Coconizer module]]
* [[Composer 669 module]] (.669)
* [[craptracker ii module]] (.ct2)
* [[Custom Amiga Module]] (.cus. .custom)
* CyberTracker
** [[CyberTracker instrument]] (.ci)
** [[CyberTracker module]] (.ct)
* [[DeliTracker custom]] (.cust)
* [[DeltaMusic module]] (.dta)
* Delta Music Composer
** [[Delta Music Composer module]] (.dlt)
** [[Delta Music 2.0 module]] (.dl2)
* [[Desktop Tracker module]] (.dtt)
* DigiBooster / DigiBooster PRO
** [[DigiBooster v1.x module]] (.digi)
** [[DigiBooster PRO v2.x / DigiBooster 3 module]] (.dbm)
* [[Digital Symphony module]] (.dsym)
* Digitrakker
** [[Digitrakker instrument]] (.ist)
** [[Digitrakker module]] (.mdl)
** [[Digitrakker sample]] (.spl)
* [[DigiTrekker module]] (.dtm)
* [[Digital Tracker module]] (.dtm)
* [[DisorderTracker 2 module]] (.plm)
* [[Dual Module Player DSMI]] (.amf)
* [[Eureka Packer module]] (.eu)
* [[Extended MOD]] (.emd)
* [[Extreme's Tracker module]] (.ams)
* [[FAC Soundtracker]] (MSX, extension unknown)
* [[Face The Music module]] (.ftm)
* Famitracker
** [[FamiTracker module]] (.ftm)
** [[FamiTracker instrument]] (.fti)
* Farandole Composer
** [[Farandole Form 2.0]] (.f2r)
** [[Farandole Composer module]] (.far)
** [[Farandole Composer pattern]] (.fpt)
** [[Farandole Composer sample]] (.fsm, .usm)
* [[Fashion Tracker module]] (.ex)
* FastTracker / FastTracker 2
** [[FastTracker module]] (.ft, .ftc)
** [[Extended instrument]] (.xi)
** [[Extended Module]] (.xm)
* [[FC-M Packer module]] (.fcm)
* [[Flash Tracker module]] (.fls)
* [[Flex Tracker module]] (.flx)
* [[Fuchs Tracker]] (.fchs)
* [[FunkTracker module]] (.fnk)
* Future Composer
** [[Future Composer v1.x module]] (.fc)
** [[Future Composer v1.3 module]] (.fc13)
** [[Future Composer v1.4 module]] (.fc14)
* Future Composer (BSI)
** [[Future Composer (BSI) module]]
* [[Fuzzac Packer module]] (.fuzz)
* [[General Digital Music module]] (.gdm)
* [[GoatTracker module]] (.sng)
* [[Grave Composer module]] (.wow)
* Graoumf Tracker
** [[Graoumf Tracker module]] (.gtk)
** [[Graoumf Tracker 2 module]] (.gt2)
* [[Global Tracker v1.x module]] (.gtr)
* [[HeatSeeker Module Cruncher v1.0]] (.crb)
* [[Hively Tracker module]] (.hvl)
* [[Ice Tracker module]]
* [[Imago Orpheus module]] (.imf)
* Impulse Tracker
** [[Impulse Tracker module]] (.it, .itbz, .itgz, .itr, .itz)
** [[Impulse Tracker sample]] (.its)
* [[JAMCracker Pro module]] (.jam)
* jacker-tracker
** [[Jacker song]]
* klystrack
** [[klystrack instrument]] (.ki)
** [[klystrack module]] (.kt)
* [[KRIS Packer / ChipTracker module]] (.kris)
* Liquid Tracker
** [[Liquid Digitized Sample]] (.lds)
** [[Liquid Tracker module]] (.liq)
* MadTracker 2
** [[MadTracker 2 envelope]] (.mte)
** [[MadTracker 2 extension]] (.mtx)
** [[MadTracker 2 instrument]] (.mti)
** [[MadTracker 2 module]] (.mt2)
** [[MadTracker 2 pattern]] (.mtp)
** [[MadTracker 2 sample]] (.mts)
* maxYMiser
** [[maxYMiser instrument]] (.myi)
** [[maxYMiser module]] (.snd)
* [[Megatracker module]] (.mgt)
* [[MO3]] (MP3 / Vorbis compressed module)
* [[MOD Edit sample]] (.sam)
* [[Module Protector + noID]] (.mp)
* Microdeal Quartet
** [[4V]]
* [[MONOTONE]] (.mon, .pit, .frq)
* Moonblaster (MSX)
** [[Moonblaster music]] (.mbm)
** [[Moonblaster sample kit]] (.mbk)
* [[Multi Track Module]] (.mtm)
* Muse Tracker / Pornotracker
** [[Musetracker / Pornotracker instrument]] (.poi)
** [[Musetracker / Pornotracker module]] (.pom)
* Music Pro Tracker
** [[Music Pro Tracker DoublePlay]] (.mpd)
** [[Music Pro Tracker module (MD1)]] (.md1)
** [[Music Pro Tracker module (MD2)]] (.md2)
** [[Music Pro Tracker module (MPT)]] (.mpt)
* [[The Music Studio|Music Studio, The]] (Activision / Audio Light) (.sng, .song, .mss, .snd, .sound)
* [[Nerdtracker II module]] (.ned)
* [[NesTracker module]] (.nest)
* NoisePacker
** [[NoisePacker 2.x]] (.np2)
** [[NoisePacker 3.x]] (.np3)
* [[NoiseTracker module]] (.mod)
* [[Noisetrekker module]] (.ntk)
* OctaMED
** [[OctaMED module (MED)]] (.med)
** [[OctaMED module (MMD1)]] (.mmd1)
** [[OctaMED v2.00 module]] (.med3)
** [[OctaMED v2.10 module (MED4)]] (.med4)
** [[OctaMED v2.10 module (MMD0)]] (.mmd0)
** [[OctaMED v5 module]] (.mmd2)
** [[OctaMED SS module]] (.mmd3)
** [[MED Packer]] (.mmdc)
* Oktalyzer
** [[Oktalyzer module]] (.okt, .okta)
* [[Onyx Music File]] (.omf)
* [[Open MODPlug Tracker module]] (.mptm)
* [[Oracle module]] (.orc)
* [[Pha Packer]] (.pha)
* PlayerPRO
** [[Extended PlayerPRO module]] (.madx)
** [[PlayerPRO module]] (.mad)
* [[Polly Tracker module]]
* [[Poly Tracker module]] (.ptm)
* [[Polytone]] (.pol)
* [[Pro Sound Creator v1.xx]] (.psc, ZX Spectrum)
* [[Pro Sound Maker]] (.psm)
* Pro Tracker
** [[Pro Tracker v1.xx module]] (.pt1)
** [[Pro Tracker v2.xx module]] (.pt2)
** [[Pro Tracker v3.xx module]] (.pt3)
* [[Pro Tracker (MSX)]] (MSX-Music, extension unknown)
* ProTrekkr (.ptk)
* [[Pumatracker module]] (.puma)
* [[Quadra Composer module]] (.emod)
* [[RASTER Music Tracker module]] (.rmt)
* Real Tracker
** [[Real Tracker instrument]] (.rti)
** [[Real Tracker module]] (.rtm)
** [[Real Tracker sample]] (.rts)
* [[Renoise]]
** [[Renoise|Renoise song (XRNS)]] (.xrns)
** [[Renoise|Renoise instrument (XRNS)]] (.xrni)
** [[Renoise|Renoise effect chain (XRNT)]] (.xrnt)
** [[Renoise Song (NTK)]] (.ntk)
** [[Renoise Song (PTK)]] (.ptk)
** [[Renoise Song (RNS)]] (.rns)
* [[SBStudio module]] (.pac, .son, .sou)
* SCC Blaffer NT
** [[SCC Blaffer NT music]] (.sbm, MSX)
** [[SCC Blaffer NT instrument kit]] (.sbk)
* Scream Tracker
** [[Scream Tracker Music Interface Kit module]]
** [[Scream Tracker 1 & 2 module]] (.stm)
** [[Scream Tracker 3 Adlib module]] (.as3m)
** [[Scream Tracker 3 module]] (.s3m)
** [[Scream Tracker 3 / DigiTracker sample]] (.s31)
** [[Scream Tracker 3 / DigiTracker sample]] (.smp)
* [[SMUS]]
* [[SoundFX module]] (.sfx, .sfx2)
* Sound Tracker
** [[Soundtracker v2.6 / Ice Tracker module]] (.mtn)
** [[SoundTracker v2.6 module]] (.st26)
** [[Sound Tracker / Super Sonic module]] (.stc)
** [[Sound Tracker Pro module]] (.stp)
* [[SoundSmith module]] (.mtp)
* Soundtrakker
** [[Soundtrakker 128 instrument]] (.ins)
** [[Soundtrakker 128 module]] (.128)
** [[Soundtrakker v1.x instrument]] (.ins)
** [[Soundtrakker v1.x module]] (.sng)
* [[SQ-Tracker module]] (.sqt)
* [[Starkos Tracker module]] (.sks)
* [[StarTrekker / Star Tracker module]] (.mod, .nt, .flt4)
* [[SunVox module]] (.sunvox)
* TFMX
** [[TFMX pattern data]] (.mdat)
** [[TFMX 7V pattern data]] (.mdat)
** [[TFMX Pro pattern data]] (.mdat)
** [[TFMX sample data]] (.smpl)
* Theta Music Composer
** [[Theta Music Composer 8-channel stereo module]] (.tm8)
** [[Theta Music Composer v1.x module]] (.tmc)
** [[Theta Music Composer v2.x module]] (.tm2)
* [[Trackerpacker 3 module]] (.tp3)
* [[Unic Tracker 1.0]] (.unic1)
* [[Unic Tracker 2.0]] (.unic2)
* [[Ultra Tracker]] (.ult)
* [[Velvet_Studio]] (.ams)
* [[VIC-TRACKER module]] (.vt)
* [[Vortex Tracker module]] (.vtx)
* X-Tracker
** [[D-Lusion Music File]] (.dmf)
** [[D-Lusion Sound File]] (.dms)

== Musical instrument control ==

* [[ELECTONE]] - For Yamaha Electone Range Electronic Organs
** [[BOO]] - Part of the [[ELECTONE]] format.
** [[EVT]] - Part of the [[ELECTONE]] format.
* MIDI & Clones
** [[Compact MIDI]]
** [[GMD]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
** [[Gravis Ultrasound patch]] (used by MIDI synthesizers)
** [[HMI]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
** [[HMP]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
** [[HMZ]] (Compressed [[MIDI]])
** [[KAR]] ([[MIDI]] Audio)
** [[MIDI]] (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)
*** [[MIDI Instrument Definition File]]
** [[MIDS]] ([[MIDI]] clone)
** [[MIZ]] (Compressed [[MIDI]])
** [[MSS (MIDI)|MSS]] ([[MIDI]] Clone)
** [[RIFF MIDI]]
** [[RIFF MIDS]]
** [[Sample Vision]] (.smp)
** [[Scalable Polyphony MIDI]]
** [[sfArk]] (SoundFont archive compressed file)
** [[SoundFont 1.0]] (.sbk)
** [[SoundFont 2.0]] (.sf2)
** [[Synthetic Music Application Format]]
** [[XMI (Extended MIDI)]]
** [[ZIPI]] (proposed MIDI replacement)
* Hardware specific
** AdLib Sound Cards
*** [[AdLib instrument]] (.ins)
*** [[AdLib instrument bank]] (.bnk)
*** [[AdLib MSCplay]] (.msc)
*** [[AdLib music]] (.mus)
*** Adlib Tracker
**** [[Adlib Tracker instrument]] (.ins)
**** [[Adlib Tracker module]] (.sng)
**** [[Adlib Tracker II instrument]] (.a2i)
**** [[Adlib Tracker II instrument|Adlib Tracker II instrument with fm-register macro]] (.a2f)
**** [[Adlib Tracker II instrument bank]] (.a2b)
**** [[Adlib Tracker II instrument bank|Adlib Tracker II instrument bank with macros]] (.a2w)
**** [[Adlib Tracker II module]] (.a2m)
**** [[Adlib Tracker II pattern]] (.a2p)
**** [[Adlib Tracker II module|Adlib Tracker II tiny module]] (.a2t)
*** [[AdLib Visual Composer / Roland Synthesizer song]] (.rol)
*** AMusic
**** [[AMusic module]] (.amd)
**** [[AMusic XMS]] (.xms)
*** [[Beni Tracker module]] (.pis)
*** [[Bob's Adlib Music]] (.bam)
*** Boom Tracker v4.0
**** [[Boom Tracker v4.0 instrument]] (.cif)
**** [[Boom Tracker v4.0 module]] (.cff)
*** [[DeFy Adlib Tracker module]] (.dtm)
*** [[Digital FM module]] (.dfm)
*** [[Drum Traker module]] (.dtl)
*** [[EdLib packed module]] (.d00)
*** [[Exotic AdLib module]] (.xad)
*** [[Extra Simple Music]] (.xsm)
*** [[Faust Music Creator module]] (.sng)
*** [[FM Tracker module]] (.fmt)
*** FM-Kingtracker
**** [[FM-Kingtracker bank]] (.fib)
**** [[FM-Kingtracker instrument]] (.fin)
**** [[FM-Kingtracker module]] (.fmk)
*** HSC AdLib Composer / HSC-Tracker
**** [[HSC AdLib Composer / HSC-Tracker module]] (.hsc)
**** [[HSC AdLib Composer / HSC-Tracker packed module]] (.hsp)
*** [[JBM Adlib Music]] (.jbl)
*** JCH
**** [[JCH-D00]] (.d00)
**** [[JCH-D01]] (.d01)
*** [[Johannes Bjerregård module]] (.jbm)
*** [[Master Tracker module]] (.mtr)
*** [[MK-Jamz audio]] (.mkj)
*** [[Mlat Adlib Tracker module]] (.mad)
*** [[MPU-401 Trakker module]] (.mtk)
*** [[Palladix module]] (.plx)
*** [[RAW (Adlib)|RAW]] (AdLib Sound Card)
*** [[Reality AdLib Tracker module]] (.rad)
*** [[SNG Player module]] (.sng)
*** Surprise! Adlib Tracker
**** [[Surprise! AdLib Tracker v1, 5, 6 module]] (.sat)
**** [[Surprise! Adlib Tracker v2.0]] (.sa2)
*** [[Twin TrackPlayer module]] (.dmo)
*** [[Vibrants module]] (.vib)
*** [[XMS-Tracker module]] (.xms)
** Akai
*** [[Akai S-series MESA multi file]] (.mlt)
*** [[Akai S-series MESA I program]] (.prg)
*** [[Akai S-series MESA II program]] (.s3p)
** [[Codisk Audio File]]
** Creative Labs
*** [[Creative Music Format]] (.cmf)
*** [[Creative Voice File]]
*** [[Sound Blaster Instrument]] (.sbi)
** [[Disney Sound Source]]
** [[DOSBox Raw OPL]] (.dro)
** [[Downloadable Sounds Banks]] (.dls)
** [[Ensoniq Concert Wavetable]] (.ecw)
** Gravis Ultrasound
*** [[UltraSound GF1 patch]] (.pat)
** [[Instrument Bank]] (Instrument Bank)
** [[Software Music Synthesis System]] (for 8080/Z-80 systems with S-100 bus)
** [[TRS-80 Orchestra-90]] (.orc)
** [[Voice Sequence]] (.vsq)
** Yamaha sound chips
*** [[Callus OPL Register Log]] (YM2151, .cym)
*** [[GYM]] (YM2612 / Sega Genesis)
* Software Synthesizers
** [[Farbrausch BR404 music]] (.bmf)
** [[iZotope iDrum]] (.idrum)
** Native Instruments
*** [[Native Instruments Reaktor ensemble]] (.ens)
** Steinberg VST Presets
*** [[FXB]] (Bank of presets)
*** [[FXP]] (single preset)
* [[E-Seq]] Yamaha (.fil, .esq)

== Musical notation ==

* [[Drum tablature]]
* [[Guitar tablatures]]
** [[ASCII tab]] (.tab, .btab, .txt)
** [[Guitar Pro]] (.gtp)
*** [[Guitar Pro 3]] (.gp3)
*** [[Guitar Pro 4]] (.gp4)
*** [[Guitar Pro 5]] (.gp5)
*** [[Guitar Pro 6]] (.gp6)
** [[KGuitar]] (.kg)
** [[Power Tab]] (.ptb)
** [[Progression]]
** [[Rich MIDI Tablature Format]] (.rmtf)
** [[TablEdit]] (.tef)
** [[VexTab]]

* [[Musical notation]]
** [[ABC (musical notation)]]
** [[ANSI Music]]
** Capella
*** [[CAP]]
*** [[CapXML]] (.capx)
** [[ChordML]]
** [[ConcertWare]]
** Copyist
*** [[CP4]]
*** [[CP6]]
** [[Crescendo]] (.cdo)
** [[Dorico]] (.dorico)
** [[Encore]] (.enc)
** [[Extended Notation Format]] (.enf)
** [[Extensible Music Notation Markup Language]]
** [[Finale]] (.etf, .mus, .musx)
** [[Forte]] (.fnf)
** Guido
*** [[GUIDO]]
*** [[GUIDO XML]]
** JMSL
*** [[JMSL]]
*** [[JMSL Score]]
** [[JScoreML]]
** [[LilyPond]]
** [[MEI]]
** [[MHTML]]
** [[MidiXML]]
** [[minimusic]]
** [[MPEG4-SMR]]
** [[Mup]]
** MuseScore
*** [[MSCX]] - [[XML|XML file format]]
*** [[MSCZ]] - [[ZIP]] compressed [[MSCX]]
** [[Music Description Language]]
** [[Music Markup Language]]
** [[Music Time]] (.mus)
** [[Music Time Pro]] (.mts)
** [[Musical Notation Markup Language]]
** [[MusicML]]
** [[MusicWrite]] (.mwk)
** [[MusicXML]]
** [[MusicXML compressed]] (.mxl)
** [[Musink]] (.musink)
** [[MusiqueXML]]
** [[MusiXML]]
** [[Myriad Software]] (.msf)
** [[NeumesXML]]
** [[Neuratron Photoscore Format]] (.opt)
** [[Notation Interchange File Format]]
** [[NoteAbility Pro]]
** [[Noteworthy Composer and Music Publisher]] (.nwc)
** [[NoteWriter]]
** [[Notion]]
** [[NtEd]]
** [[Overture]] (.ove)
** [[PriMus]]
** [[Rhapsody Notation Program File]] (.rhp)
** [[Rhapsody 2/3]] (RISC OS. Unrelated to the above "Rhapsody Notation Program File")
** [[Rhapsody 4]] (RISC OS, .c00)
** [[Rosegarden]] (.rg)
** [[QuickScore Elite]] (.qsd)
** [[SCORE]] (.mus)
** [[Score Perfect]] (.spp)
** [[ScoreML]]
** [[ScoreWriter]] (.scw)
** [[Sibelius]]
** [[SMDL]]
** [[SongWrite]]
** [[Studio Session Song]] (.sss)
** [[Theta]]
** [[Tilia]]
** [[VexTab]]
** [[Virtual Musician Markup Language]]
** [[WEDELMUSIC]]
** [[XMF]]
** [[XMusic]]
** [[XScore]] (eXtensible Score Language)

== Playlists, music libraries, music store downloaders ==

* [[Amazon downloader file]] (.amz)
* [[B4S]] (Winamp 3 playlist)
* [[FPL]] (foobar2000 playlist)
* [[iTunes Music Library]]
* [[Kapsule]] (Kazaa XML Manifest)
* [[KPL]] (Kazaa Playlist Format)
* [[M3U]] (Multimedia Playlist Format)
* [[MAGMA]] ([[Magnet URI]])
* [[MOD4WIN Module List]] (.mol)
* [[MusicBee Library]] (.mbl)
* [[PLS]] (Multimedia Playlist)
* [[RAM (RealAudio)]]
* [[SMIL]] (W3C open standard)
* [[Windows Media Metafile]] (.asx, .wax, .wxv)
* [[Windows Media Playlist]] (.wpl)
* [[XML Sharable Playlist]]

== Programming languages and APIs (audio/music-specific) ==

* [[ChucK]] (.ck)
* [[Csound]] (.csd, .orc, .sco)
* Cycling 74 [[Max]] (.maxpat, .max)
* [[FAUST]] (.dsp)
* [[Music Macro Language]]
* Native Instruments [[Reaktor]] (.rkplr)
* [[Pure Data]] (.pd)
* [[Scala (music software)]] (.kbm, .scl, .cmd)
* [[SuperCollider]] (.scd, .sc)
* [[WaveGL]]
* [[Web Audio API]]

== Ringtones ==

* [[i Melody]]
* [[M4R]] (Apple iPhone Ringtones - see [[M4A]])
* [[Polyphonic ringtone]]
* [[RTTTL]]

== Signal processing ==

These aren't specific file formats, but generic mathematical methods used by other file formats.

* [[A-law]]
* [[ADPCM]]
* [[DPCM]]
* [[LPCM]]
* [[Pulse code modulation]]
* [[µ-law]] (u-law)

== Software ==

Refer to [[Audio software]].

== Sound card related formats ==

* [[CMS (Creative Music System)]]

== Speech synthesis ==

* [[Microsoft TTS voice data]] (.vce, .spd)
* [[Microsoft TTS voice definition]] (.cfg, .sdf)
* [[Speech Synthesis Markup Language]] (SSML)
* [[TextGrid]]
* [[VoiceDescription]] (OS X)

== Unclassified (need to move to other categories) ==

* [[ACM]] (Audio Compression Manager)
* [[ADM]] (ADM Audio File)
* [[AIL real mode driver]]
* [[Audfprint fingerprint file]] (.afpk)
* [[AVR]]
* [[B1S]]
* [[BDSP]] (BotDetect Sound Package)
* [[BVG]]
* [[CBD2]]
* CLF
** [[Common Loudspeaker Format]]
** [[Common Instrument Format]]
* [[DeskMate Music]] (.sng)
* [[DeskMate Sound]] (.snd)
* [[DIGPAK sound driver]]
* [[DSM]] (DSIK Internal)
* [[DSPW]]
* [[DTK]]
* [[EUPHONY]] (FM Towns computer system)
* [[FFW]]
* [[First Rate Music Hall]] (.pck, MSX-Music song editor using [[Music Macro Language]])
* [[GBTS]]
* [[GCUB]]
* [[GSB]]
* [[HLWAV]]
* [[IAB]]
* [[IADP]]
* [[INT]] (RAW File)
* [[ISWS]]
* [[JSTM]]
* [[KOVS]]
* [[MA]] (Music Assembler)
* [[Micronas SC4]]
* [[MNSTR]]
* [[MSF]]
* [[MT9]]
* [[MTAF]]
* [[Photo CD Audio]]
* [[S98]] (NEC PC-98)
* [[SD]] (ESPS sampled data file)
* [[SigmaStudio]] (.dspproj)
* [[Sound Description Interchange Format]] (SDIF)
* [[SGI (Sound Generator)|SGI]] (Sound Generator 3.0 instrument)
* [[SNG (SCC Musixx)|SNG]] (SCC Musixx)
* [[Sound Effect Editor]] (.see, MSX)
* [[SoundHelix XML]]
* [[TFMX]] (TFMX)
* [[VCOMP (Blaster Master)]]
* [[Vivaldi]] (RISC OS)
* [[WAVTOEXE (Rezaul Kabir)]]
* [[Zsound Music]]

See the Open Cubic Player homepage for a list of demo formats: http://www.cubic.org/player/features.html

See also [[Piano Rolls]] (which is under the [[Physical File Formats]]).

== Links ==
* [http://boingboing.net/2013/09/20/kickstarting-free-open-record.html Kickstarting free, open recordings of Bach's "Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 1"]
* [http://mpc-hc.org/ MPC-HC: media player for Windows handling just about all video/audio formats]
* [http://boingboing.net/2013/09/27/david-byrnes-how-music-wor.html How Music Works]
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/admusfmt.pro Some discussion of "advanced music formats" from 1994]
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/audiof23.txt FAQ on audio file formats (1992-07-09)]
* [http://boingboing.net/2013/11/03/this-must-be-the-8-bit-place.html Chiptune version of Talking Heads song]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Z2vU8M6CYI Beatles 3000: humorous video of how the future might misunderstand 20th century pop culture if artifacts decay as happened in the past]
* [http://publicdomainreview.tumblr.com/post/76437123224/chaoscontrolled123-luke-and-i-were-looking-at The Music Written on This Dude's Butt]
* [http://vimeo.com/58200103 "Eye of the tiger" played on a modified dot matrix printer]
* [http://chipflip.wordpress.com/2014/03/09/a-short-history-of-hardcore-chipmusic/ A Short History of Hardcore Chipmusic]
* [https://medium.com/message/you-need-to-hear-this-extremely-rare-recording-27619411e077 You Need to Hear This Extremely Rare Recording]
* [http://www.loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/audio.html Library of Congress Recommended Format Specifications: Audio Works]
* [http://betaboston.com/news/2014/07/17/in-a-bid-for-more-emotional-snacking-frito-lay-patents-culinary-theme-songs/ In a bid for more emotional snacking, Frito-Lay patents culinary theme songs]
* [http://www.theverge.com/2014/8/4/5968243/mit-turns-recorded-vibrations-back-into-speech-and-music Scientists reconstruct speech through soundproof glass by watching a bag of potato chips]
* [http://www.palmbeachpost.com/ap/ap/business/apple-releases-tool-to-remove-free-u2-album/nhNG9/ Apple releases tool to remove free U2 album] (which they gave you whether you wanted it or not)
* [https://github.com/AyrA/ExcelPlayer Excel sheet that plays video and audio]
* [http://webaudio.github.io/web-audio-api/ Web Audio API (W3C)]
* [http://www.wonderingsound.com/feature/why-collecting-music-matters/ Why Collecting Matters: Citizen Archivists and the Battle for Future Pasts]
* [http://mediaarea.net/en/MediaInfo MediaInfo: software that shows metadata for audio/video files]
* [http://www.bl.uk/projects/save-our-sounds Save our Sounds]
* [http://www.davidsystems.com/#tools David Systems tools: includes online loudness analysis of sound files]
* [http://createdigitalmusic.com/2015/07/next-web-standard-music-notation/ The next Web standard could be music notation]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_3d1x2VPxk How Oldschool Sound/Music worked] (video)
* [http://www.crutchfield.com/S-ulligiNLBZf/learn/learningcenter/home/hometheater_surround.html Understanding surround sound formats]
* [http://www.righto.com/2017/04/reverse-engineering-76477-space.html Reverse engineering the 76477 "Space Invaders" sound effect chip from die photos]

[[Category:Audio and Music| ]]

Bars & Pipes

2025-05-05T08:14:02Z

Polluks: /* External links */

{{FormatInfo
| name = Bars & Pipes .song
| mime = application/x-bars-and-pipes-song
| owner = Blue Ribbon SoundWorks
| genre = Music sequencing
| containerfor = MIDI sequencing data, device configurations
| extension = {{ext|song}}
}}

'''Bars & Pipes .song''' is a proprietary file format used by the Bars & Pipes Professional MIDI sequencer software originally developed by Blue Ribbon SoundWorks for the Commodore Amiga platform. The file extension .song encapsulates project data such as track information, MIDI events, tempo maps, patch changes, and user-defined "tools" and configurations.

== History ==
Bars & Pipes was released in the early 1990s and became well known among Amiga musicians for its graphical, modular approach to MIDI sequencing. The .song file format was designed to store the entire state of a Bars & Pipes project, allowing users to save and resume complex musical arrangements and MIDI processing chains.

After Microsoft acquired Blue Ribbon SoundWorks in 1995, development of Bars & Pipes ceased, but the software remains popular among Amiga enthusiasts. The .song format is still used in emulated environments and has been partially reverse-engineered by the retro computing community.

== Structure ==
The .song file format is a binary format containing:
* A list of MIDI tracks, each with timestamped MIDI events.
* Routing and configuration of virtual "tools" (software processors or modifiers).
* Tempo and time signature maps.
* Track names, channel assignments, and other metadata.
* Information on device configurations and user preferences.

Due to its tightly integrated nature with the Bars & Pipes system, the format is not natively compatible with other MIDI sequencing programs.

== Compatibility ==
The .song format is only supported by Bars & Pipes on AmigaOS, including emulated environments such as Win[[UAE]]. There is no official support for .song files in modern digital audio workstations (DAWs), but enthusiasts have developed some tools to extract MIDI data or convert projects for archival purposes.

== External links ==
* http://www.amigaforever.com/ Amiga Forever – Emulation suite for running Amiga software
* http://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/BarsPipes-demo Demo version on Aminet
* http://aminet.net/search?query=bars+%26+pipes Bars & Pipes download on Aminet

[[Category:Audio and Music]]
[[Category:Amiga]]

Bars & Pipes

2025-05-01T10:07:28Z

Polluks:

{{FormatInfo
| name = Bars & Pipes .song
| mime = application/x-bars-and-pipes-song
| owner = Blue Ribbon SoundWorks
| genre = Music sequencing
| containerfor = MIDI sequencing data, device configurations
| extension = {{ext|song}}
}}

'''Bars & Pipes .song''' is a proprietary file format used by the Bars & Pipes Professional MIDI sequencer software originally developed by Blue Ribbon SoundWorks for the Commodore Amiga platform. The file extension .song encapsulates project data such as track information, MIDI events, tempo maps, patch changes, and user-defined "tools" and configurations.

== History ==
Bars & Pipes was released in the early 1990s and became well known among Amiga musicians for its graphical, modular approach to MIDI sequencing. The .song file format was designed to store the entire state of a Bars & Pipes project, allowing users to save and resume complex musical arrangements and MIDI processing chains.

After Microsoft acquired Blue Ribbon SoundWorks in 1995, development of Bars & Pipes ceased, but the software remains popular among Amiga enthusiasts. The .song format is still used in emulated environments and has been partially reverse-engineered by the retro computing community.

== Structure ==
The .song file format is a binary format containing:
* A list of MIDI tracks, each with timestamped MIDI events.
* Routing and configuration of virtual "tools" (software processors or modifiers).
* Tempo and time signature maps.
* Track names, channel assignments, and other metadata.
* Information on device configurations and user preferences.

Due to its tightly integrated nature with the Bars & Pipes system, the format is not natively compatible with other MIDI sequencing programs.

== Compatibility ==
The .song format is only supported by Bars & Pipes on AmigaOS, including emulated environments such as Win[[UAE]]. There is no official support for .song files in modern digital audio workstations (DAWs), but enthusiasts have developed some tools to extract MIDI data or convert projects for archival purposes.

== External links ==
* www.amigaforever.com/ Amiga Forever – Emulation suite for running Amiga software
* aminet.net/package/mus/midi/BarsPipes-demo Demo version on Aminet
* aminet.net/search?query=bars+%26+pipes Bars & Pipes download on Aminet

[[Category:Audio and Music]]
[[Category:Amiga]]

Bars & Pipes

2025-05-01T09:54:44Z

Polluks:

{{FormatInfo
| name = Bars & Pipes .song
| extension = .song
| mime = application/x-bars-and-pipes-song
| owner = Blue Ribbon SoundWorks
| genre = Music sequencing
| containerfor = MIDI sequencing data, device configurations
| extendedfrom = Proprietary
| standard = Proprietary
}}

'''Bars & Pipes .song''' is a proprietary file format used by the Bars & Pipes Professional MIDI sequencer software originally developed by Blue Ribbon SoundWorks for the Commodore Amiga platform. The file extension .song encapsulates project data such as track information, MIDI events, tempo maps, patch changes, and user-defined "tools" and configurations.

== History ==
Bars & Pipes was released in the early 1990s and became well known among Amiga musicians for its graphical, modular approach to MIDI sequencing. The .song file format was designed to store the entire state of a Bars & Pipes project, allowing users to save and resume complex musical arrangements and MIDI processing chains.

After Microsoft acquired Blue Ribbon SoundWorks in 1995, development of Bars & Pipes ceased, but the software remains popular among Amiga enthusiasts. The .song format is still used in emulated environments and has been partially reverse-engineered by the retro computing community.

== Structure ==
The .song file format is a binary format containing:
* A list of MIDI tracks, each with timestamped MIDI events.
* Routing and configuration of virtual "tools" (software processors or modifiers).
* Tempo and time signature maps.
* Track names, channel assignments, and other metadata.
* Information on device configurations and user preferences.

Due to its tightly integrated nature with the Bars & Pipes system, the format is not natively compatible with other MIDI sequencing programs.

== Compatibility ==
The .song format is only supported by Bars & Pipes on AmigaOS, including emulated environments such as Win[[UAE]]. There is no official support for .song files in modern digital audio workstations (DAWs), but enthusiasts have developed some tools to extract MIDI data or convert projects for archival purposes.

== External links ==
* www.amigaforever.com/ Amiga Forever – Emulation suite for running Amiga software
* aminet.net/package/mus/midi/BarsPipes-demo Demo version on Aminet
* aminet.net/search?query=bars+%26+pipes Bars & Pipes download on Aminet

[[Category:Audio and Music]]
[[Category:Amiga]]

Bars & Pipes

2025-05-01T09:50:22Z

Polluks: Created page with "{{FormatInfo | name = Bars & Pipes .song | extension = .song | mime = application/x-bars-and-pipes-song | owner = Blue Ribbon SoundWorks | genre = Music sequencing | container..."

{{FormatInfo
| name = Bars & Pipes .song
| extension = .song
| mime = application/x-bars-and-pipes-song
| owner = Blue Ribbon SoundWorks
| genre = Music sequencing
| containerfor = MIDI sequencing data, device configurations
| extendedfrom = Proprietary
| standard = Proprietary
}}

'''Bars & Pipes .song''' is a proprietary file format used by the Bars & Pipes Professional MIDI sequencer software originally developed by Blue Ribbon SoundWorks for the Commodore Amiga platform. The file extension .song encapsulates project data such as track information, MIDI events, tempo maps, patch changes, and user-defined "tools" and configurations.

== History ==
Bars & Pipes was released in the early 1990s and became well known among Amiga musicians for its graphical, modular approach to MIDI sequencing. The .song file format was designed to store the entire state of a Bars & Pipes project, allowing users to save and resume complex musical arrangements and MIDI processing chains.

After Microsoft acquired Blue Ribbon SoundWorks in 1995, development of Bars & Pipes ceased, but the software remains popular among Amiga enthusiasts. The .song format is still used in emulated environments and has been partially reverse-engineered by the retro computing community.

== Structure ==
The .song file format is a binary format containing:
* A list of MIDI tracks, each with timestamped MIDI events.
* Routing and configuration of virtual "tools" (software processors or modifiers).
* Tempo and time signature maps.
* Track names, channel assignments, and other metadata.
* Information on device configurations and user preferences.

Due to its tightly integrated nature with the Bars & Pipes system, the format is not natively compatible with other MIDI sequencing programs.

== Compatibility ==
The .song format is only supported by Bars & Pipes on AmigaOS, including emulated environments such as [[WinUAE]]. There is no official support for .song files in modern digital audio workstations (DAWs), but enthusiasts have developed some tools to extract MIDI data or convert projects for archival purposes.

== External links ==
* www.amigaforever.com/ Amiga Forever – Emulation suite for running Amiga software
* aminet.net/package/mus/midi/BarsPipes-demo Demo version on Aminet
* aminet.net/search?query=bars+%26+pipes Bars & Pipes download on Aminet

[[Category:Audio file formats]]
[[Category:Audio and Music]]
[[Category:Amiga]]

SID

2025-04-21T17:21:19Z

Polluks: PSID

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Audio and Music
|extensions={{ext|sid}}
|mimetypes={{mimetype|audio/prs.sid}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/314}}, {{PRONOM|fmt/315}}, {{PRONOM|fmt/316}}
}}
[[SID]] aka '''PSID''' is a music format for the Commodore 64, named after the C64's
[[Wikipedia:MOS Technology SID|SID chip]].

It contains 6502 machine code, plus some metadata.

== Resources ==
* [http://hvsc.c64.org High Voltage SID Collection], a large collection of SID files, players and documentation
* [http://hvsc.c64.org/download/C64Music/DOCUMENTS/SID_file_format.txt File format specification]

== Sample files ==
* {{DexvertSamples|music/sid}}

[[Category:Commodore computers]]

VTOC

2025-04-03T14:12:23Z

Polluks:

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Filesystem
|released=1965
|wikidata={{wikidata|Q1689060}}
}}
'''VTOC''' (Volume Table of Contents) is the native filesystem of the IBM mainframe operating systems z/OS (previously called OS/390 and before that MVS) and z/VSE (formerly known as DOS/VSE). It originates with the OS/360 mainframe operating system released in 1965 but has evolved over the decades since.

Note that on z/OS and z/VSE, the term "dataset" is used instead of "file", but the meaning is fundamentally the same. On z/OS, the VTOC filesystem stores "datasets" whereas "files" (or to use their full name, "Unix files") are stored inside the Unix-compatible HFS and zFS filesystems. HFS and zFS filesystems themselves are stored as datasets inside the VTOC filesystem.

Note that other IBM mainframe operating systems, such as z/VM (formerly known as VM/CMS) use different filesystems instead.

The mainframe VTOC filesystem is supported by z/Linux as a partition table format, in which a Linux filesystem partition is stored in a single contiguous dataset.

Note that the term "VTOC" is also used on some other platforms (e.g. Solaris SPARC) to mean the partition table format, but that is a very different on-disk structure despite the similar name.

== Links ==
* [[Wikipedia:Volume Table of Contents|Wikipedia article]]

[[Category:IBM mainframe]]

BOO

2025-03-28T14:03:01Z

Polluks: IBM BookManager book

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Audio and Music
|subcat2=ELECTONE
|extensions={{ext|b00}}
}}
:''For another "BOO" format, see [[BOO (binary-to-text encoding)]] or [[IBM BookManager book]].''

See [[ELECTONE]] file formats.

These are inter-related with [[EVT]] and as such grouped under the [[ELECTONE]] file formats page.

IBM BookManager book

2025-03-28T13:48:13Z

Polluks:

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Document
|extensions={{ext|boo}}
}}
IBM BookManager is IBM's legacy online documentation system, historically used mostly on mainframes, midrange (AS/400) and OS/2, although it also saw some use in other areas including AIX. IBM no longer uses it for documenting current versions of its products, but there is an immense quantity of surviving electronic documentation from the period when IBM actively used it (from the 1990s thru 2010s), particularly documentation CD-ROMs/DVD-ROMs and images thereof.

The standard extension is BOO. No public documentation is known to be available for it. The header of BOO files commonly contains an [[EBCDIC]] copyright notice (this is true even for books for ASCII-based platforms such as OS/2). The file contents is almost certainly also in EBCDIC, but is not readable beyond the header. Maybe it is compressed with unknown compression algorithms (a relative of IBM's well-known proprietary algorithms such as TERSE?). However, the data seems too repetitive to be compressed–possibly it is just some obfuscation mechanism then?

https://github.com/kev009/boo2pdf is code to convert BOO files to PDF. However, it relies on using the IBM SoftCopy Reader (for 32-bit Linux)'s JAR files and native code libraries (.so files) to actually read the file. The author of that code previously hosted a free public web service for that conversion, but discontinued it.

Versions of IBM's SoftCopy Reader (previously known as IBM Library Reader and before that IBM BookManager READ) also existed for Windows, AIX (any other commercial Unix systems?), OS/2, DOS (meaning PC-DOS/MS-DOS, not mainframe DOS), MVS (later known as OS/390 then z/OS), VM/CMS (later known as z/VM), and OS/400 (later IBM i5/OS and then IBM i)–but apparently *not* mainframe DOS (DOS/360, DOS/VS, DOS/VSE, z/VSE).

"application/book" is sometimes used as a MIME type but was never officially registered

== Notes on file format ==

* Bytes 1-2: unknown 2 bytes probably flags. second byte never zero, first byte often is (but not always). probably not a size, since 0001 is a common value.
* Bytes 3-6: these 4 bytes appear to always be zero
* Bytes 7: unknown, can be zero, probably more flags???
* Bytes 8+: EBCDIC copyright string. Can start with one or more EBCDIC spaces (0x40), sometimes also (0xB4) (some kind of control character?)

The header is 256 bytes long. The copyright string is padded to the end of the header with 0x40 (EBCDIC space). However, it seems to have a null terminator (0x00) at the end of the actual text, before the space padding.

What follows from 256 bytes onwards looks like it could be some kind of compression dictionary???? Not clear.

It looks like the file is composed of 256 byte records (so file size should be an integer multiple of 256), often with some all-zeros records appended to the end.

== External links ==
* http://www.edm2.com/index.php/BookManager – contains history of IBM BookManager releases

[[Category:IBM mainframe]]
[[Category:OS/2]]

IBM BookManager book

2025-03-28T13:46:45Z

Polluks: /* Notes on file format */

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Document
|extensions={{ext|boo}}
}}
IBM BookManager is IBM's legacy online documentation system, historically used mostly on mainframes, midrange (AS/400) and OS/2, although it also saw some use in other areas including AIX. IBM no longer uses it for documenting current versions of its products, but there is an immense quantity of surviving electronic documentation from the period when IBM actively used it (from the 1990s thru 2010s), particularly documentation CD-ROMs/DVD-ROMs and images thereof.

The standard extension is BOO. No public documentation is known to be available for it. The header of BOO files commonly contains an EBCDIC copyright notice (this is true even for books for ASCII-based platforms such as OS/2). The file contents is almost certainly also in EBCDIC, but is not readable beyond the header. Maybe it is compressed with unknown compression algorithms (a relative of IBM's well-known proprietary algorithms such as TERSE?). However, the data seems too repetitive to be compressed–possibly it is just some obfuscation mechanism then?

https://github.com/kev009/boo2pdf is code to convert BOO files to PDF. However, it relies on using the IBM SoftCopy Reader (for 32-bit Linux)'s JAR files and native code libraries (.so files) to actually read the file. The author of that code previously hosted a free public web service for that conversion, but discontinued it.

Versions of IBM's SoftCopy Reader (previously known as IBM Library Reader and before that IBM BookManager READ) also existed for Windows, AIX (any other commercial Unix systems?), OS/2, DOS (meaning PC-DOS/MS-DOS, not mainframe DOS), MVS (later known as OS/390 then z/OS), VM/CMS (later known as z/VM), and OS/400 (later IBM i5/OS and then IBM i)–but apparently *not* mainframe DOS (DOS/360, DOS/VS, DOS/VSE, z/VSE).

"application/book" is sometimes used as a MIME type but was never officially registered

== Notes on file format ==

* Bytes 1-2: unknown 2 bytes probably flags. second byte never zero, first byte often is (but not always). probably not a size, since 0001 is a common value.
* Bytes 3-6: these 4 bytes appear to always be zero
* Bytes 7: unknown, can be zero, probably more flags???
* Bytes 8+: EBCDIC copyright string. Can start with one or more EBCDIC spaces (0x40), sometimes also (0xB4) (some kind of control character?)

The header is 256 bytes long. The copyright string is padded to the end of the header with 0x40 (EBCDIC space). However, it seems to have a null terminator (0x00) at the end of the actual text, before the space padding.

What follows from 256 bytes onwards looks like it could be some kind of compression dictionary???? Not clear.

It looks like the file is composed of 256 byte records (so file size should be an integer multiple of 256), often with some all-zeros records appended to the end.

== External links ==
* http://www.edm2.com/index.php/BookManager – contains history of IBM BookManager releases

[[Category:IBM mainframe]]
[[Category:OS/2]]

SYLK

2025-03-19T10:38:53Z

Polluks: Category

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Document
|extensions={{ext|slk}}
|mimetypes={{mimetype|application/x-sylk}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|x-fmt/106}}
|wikidata={{wikidata|Q821830}}
}}
'''SYLK''' (Symbolic Link) is a format devised by Microsoft for data interchange between applications, primarily spreadsheets. It has nothing to do with the "symbolic links" or "symlinks" used to tie multiple file paths to a single file in some operating systems including [[Unix]]-type systems.

SYLK is text-based, and is encoded in the native [[Windows encodings|Windows code page]] (such as [[Windows 1252]]) of the system they are created on (rather than in [[Unicode]] as modern applications use).

Some of the "boilerplate articles" on sites that claim to document file formats by extension refer to .sylk or .silk files, but the official extension of this format is .slk (still under the influence of old-timey DOS thinking where extensions had to be 3 characters or less).

==Specifications==
* The first record must be an ID record.
* The file must close with an E record.
* All record and field codes must be entered in upper-case letters.
* Record and field type are separated by a semicolon.
* Each record must be terminated by CR/LF.
* There must be no CR/LF characters within a record or field.
* D and G records always relate to the last C command.
* When using NE records, the file name must be defined beforehand using NU.
* The dimensions and subdivision of the window must be defined in logically ascending sequence.

== Sample files ==
* {{DexvertSamples|document/sylkSpreadsheet}}

== Links ==
* [[Wikipedia:SYmbolic LinK (SYLK)|Wikipedia article]]
* [http://netghost.narod.ru/gff/graphics/summary/micsylk.htm Format summary]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140330053022/http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel-help/excel-formatting-and-features-that-are-not-transferred-to-other-file-formats-HP010014105.aspx Excel formatting and features that are not transferred to other file formats]
* [https://outflank.nl/upload/sylksum.txt Summary of all currently used sylk fields.]
* [https://archive.org/details/mac_Graphics_File_Formats_Second_Edition_1996/page/n595/mode/2up Graphics File Formats Book Definition]
* [https://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/microsoft/cpm/Microsoft_Multiplan_for_CPM_1982.pdf#page=426 Multiplan definition of SLK file format]

[[Category:Microsoft]]
[[Category:Spreadsheet]]

User:Polluks

2025-02-24T10:30:40Z

Polluks: /* XAD */ TI-99, Spark

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* <s>[[TI-99/4A file system]]</s>
* <s>[[TRSDOS file system]]</s>
* <s>[[Spark]]</s>

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

User:Polluks

2024-08-20T09:29:53Z

Polluks: dexvert

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_ dexvert
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* [[TRSDOS file system]]

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

User:Polluks

2024-08-14T17:48:24Z

Polluks: /* XAD */ UCSD

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

== XAD ==
* [[UCSD p-System Filesystem]]
* [[TRSDOS file system]]

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

User:Polluks

2024-08-14T17:27:16Z

Polluks: TRSDOS file system

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

== XAD ==
* [[TRSDOS file system]]

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

User:Polluks

2024-07-17T08:36:19Z

Polluks: Backup/Restore

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

= AIX Backup/Restore =
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#backup
www.ahinc.com/support/aix-101/backuprestore/#restore

User:Polluks

2024-06-20T06:48:46Z

Polluks: MOXCEL

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

== File ==
* [[MOXCEL]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

Windows Installer

2024-06-11T21:56:29Z

Polluks: released

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|extensions={{ext|msi}}, {{ext|msp}}
|released=1999
}}
The '''Windows Installer''' format (informally known as '''MSI''') is an archiving format from Microsoft, used as installation files for Windows software. It is based on [[Microsoft Compound File]] format.

Various versions of Windows come standard with the installer program which recognizes this format and will automatically launch the installer when you click on one, so it has replaced self-extracting .exe files containing archived installers for the installation of many programs. An archive file of this sort includes the various files that are part of the software package being installed, with metadata about how it should be structured, what registry changes need to be made, and so on.

It is more-or-less the successor to [[Cabinet]] (.cab) format, and some MSI files contain CAB files as part of their payload.

== Sample files ==
* {{DexvertSamples|archive/microsoftWindowsInstaller}}

== Links ==
* [[Wikipedia:Windows Installer|Wikipedia article]]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc185688%28VS.85%29.aspx MSDN page]
* [https://superuser.com/questions/307678/how-do-i-extract-files-from-an-msi-package How do I extract files from an MSI package?]

[[Category:Microsoft]]
[[Category:Windows]]
[[Category:Microsoft Compound File]]

User:Polluks

2024-06-11T21:42:46Z

Polluks: NSIS

https://www.dstoecker.eu/xadclients.html http://aminet.net/search?query=xad_
* [[Amiga Module]]
* [[TOAST]]
* [[LHA]]
* [[MED]]
* [[WMA]]
* [[NSIS]]

= Frogs =
[[Pack-Ice]]

Atari800

2024-04-13T13:19:45Z

Polluks: /* Resources */ update

{|
|[[Software]]
| >
|[[Emulation Software]]
| >
|[[Atari800]]
|}

'''Atari800''' is a free Atari [[Emulation_Software|emulator]] written in C. It was also the name of one of the computer models it emulates, which can make references a bit confusing.

== Hardware emulated ==
* Atari 400, 800, 600 XL, 800XL, 130XE, 5200 Games System.
* 130XE compatible memory expansions: 320K, 576K, 1088K.
* Optional 4K RAM between 0xc000 and 0xcfff in 400/800 mode.
* Cycle-exact 6502 emulation, all unofficial instructions.
* Cycle-exact NMI interrupts, scanline-based POKEY interrupts.
* Cycle-exact ANTIC and GTIA emulation, all display modes.
* Player/Missile Graphics, exact priority control and collision detection.
* Exact POKEY registers (sound and random number generator).
* 8 disk drives, emulated at computer-to-drive communication and fast patched SIO levels.
* ATR, XFD, DCM, ATR.GZ and XFD.GZ disk images.
* Direct loading of Atari executable files and Atari BASIC programs.
* 42 cartridge types, raw and CART .
* Cassette recorder, raw and CAS images.
* Printer support.
* Files can be stored directly on your host computer via the H: device.
* Current emulation state can be saved in a state file.
* Sound support on Unix using "/dev/dsp".
* Stereo (two POKEYs) emulation.
* Joystick controller using numeric keypad.
* Real joystick support.
* Paddles, Atari touch tablet, Koala pad, light pen, light gun, ST/Amiga mouse, Atari trak-ball, joystick and Atari 5200 analog controller emulated using mouse.
* R-Time 8 emulation using host computer clock.
* Atari palette read from a file or calculated basing on user-defined parameters.
* Screen snapshots (normal and interlaced) to PCX and PNG files.
* Sound output may be written to WAV files.
* User interface on all versions supporting bitmapped graphics.
* R: device (the Atari850 serial ports) mapped to net or real serial port.

== Resources ==
* [https://atari800.github.io Website]

[[category:Emulation]]
[[Category:Atari computers]]

LBR (Commodore)

2024-04-12T13:03:33Z

Polluks: /* Software */ XAD

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|extensions={{ext|lbr}}
}}

The '''LBR''' archiver for the Commodore 64 is similar in concept to the CP/M and PC platform [[LBR]] archiver, but not compatible in file format.

== Software ==
* [http://style64.org/dirmaster DirMaster]
* {{XAD}}

== Sample files ==
* {{DexvertSamples|archive/c64Library}}

== Links ==
* [http://www.zimmers.net/anonftp/pub/cbm/c64/archivers/lbrary90.arc LBR program download] (in [[ARC (Commodore)|Commodore ARC]] format)
* [http://www.zimmers.net/anonftp/pub/cbm/c64/archivers/ Downloads of various Commodore archivers]

[[Category:Commodore computers]]

LBR

2024-04-12T13:03:12Z

Polluks: Undo revision 48407 by Polluks (talk)

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|extensions={{ext|lbr}}, {{ext|lqr}}, {{ext|lzr}}, {{ext|lyr}}
|wikidata={{wikidata|Q6457314}}
}}
[[LBR]] was a container format popular for distributing [[CP/M]] software, designed by Gary P. Novosielski. Since it had no compression of its own, it was common for individual members of .LBR files to be compressed with [[Squeeze]] (.?Q?), [[Crunch]] (.?Z?), or [[CrLZH]] (.?Y?). Alternatively, the whole library could be compressed with one of these methods (leading to the extensions .LQR, .LZR, .LYR).

Under CP/M, the canonical tools for manipulating LBR files were LU.COM and NULU.COM. Other tools, such as NSWP.COM, understood both LBR and some of the closely associated compression formats.

LBR has been implemented on other platforms including PC/MS-DOS, but the [[LBR (Commodore)|Commodore LBR]] format is unrelated and not compatible. (It was common in those days for different platforms to be Balkanized and not have file formats that are in any way compatible with those of other platforms, even when they served similar purposes and were inspired by other-platform formats even to the point of being named after them.)

== Identification ==
LBR files have no signature, but they begin with a "Directory Control Entry" that has a fairly strict format. So, LBR files start with a 0x00 byte, then 11 spaces (0x20), then two 0x00 bytes, then two bytes that are not both 0x00.

== Tools ==

* [[CFX]] (DOS/Unix)
* [http://www.svgalib.org/rus/lbrate.html lbrate] by Russell Marks, c. 2001 (Unix, GPL2)
* [http://www.seasip.info/Unix/Lar/index.html LAR] (Unix, tar-like interface) by John Elliott, based on Stephen C. Hemminger's original
* [http://www.classiccmp.org/cpmarchives/cpm/mirrors/oak.oakland.edu/pub/cpm/arc-lbr/lu310.com lu310.com] (CP/M software)

== Sample files ==
* [http://cpmarchives.classiccmp.org/cpm/mirrors/oak.oakland.edu/pub/cpm/ OAK CP/M archive] → .../*.lbr
* {{DexvertSamples|archive/lbr}}

== References ==

* .LBR format definition, Gary P. Novosielski, 1984-08-19 -- available as LUDEF5.DOC in many CP/M archives (e.g., [http://www.retroarchive.org/cpm/cdrom/CPM/UTILS/ARC-LBR/LUDEF5.DOC here])
** [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/ludef5.txt This version] renames the extension to .txt so the browser won't try to launch M$ Word to open it.
** '''[http://www.seasip.info/Cpm/ludef5.html HTML version]''' of the above
* .LBR format definition, Gary P. Novosielski, 1984-08-04 -- [http://annex.retroarchive.org/cdrom/nightowl-001/015A/LUDEF4/LUDEF4.DOC an older version of the specification]
* .LBR format definition, Gary P. Novosielski, 1983-08-16 [http://cpmarchives.classiccmp.org/cpm/Software/WalnutCD/lambda/soundpot/f/lu300.lbr] use e.g. [[The Unarchiver]] to access the contained files.
* .LBR format definition, Gary P. Novosielski, 1982-11-04 -- [http://cpmarchives.classiccmp.org/cpm/Software/WalnutCD/simtel/sigm/vols100/vol119/ludef1.doc an early version of the specification]
* [[Wikipedia:LBR (file format)|LBR (file format) at Wikipedia]]
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/arc-lbr.pro ARC vs LBR comparison (1985)]

[[Category:CP/M]]

LBR

2024-04-12T12:49:32Z

Polluks: /* Tools */ XAD

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|extensions={{ext|lbr}}, {{ext|lqr}}, {{ext|lzr}}, {{ext|lyr}}
|wikidata={{wikidata|Q6457314}}
}}
[[LBR]] was a container format popular for distributing [[CP/M]] software, designed by Gary P. Novosielski. Since it had no compression of its own, it was common for individual members of .LBR files to be compressed with [[Squeeze]] (.?Q?), [[Crunch]] (.?Z?), or [[CrLZH]] (.?Y?). Alternatively, the whole library could be compressed with one of these methods (leading to the extensions .LQR, .LZR, .LYR).

Under CP/M, the canonical tools for manipulating LBR files were LU.COM and NULU.COM. Other tools, such as NSWP.COM, understood both LBR and some of the closely associated compression formats.

LBR has been implemented on other platforms including PC/MS-DOS, but the [[LBR (Commodore)|Commodore LBR]] format is unrelated and not compatible. (It was common in those days for different platforms to be Balkanized and not have file formats that are in any way compatible with those of other platforms, even when they served similar purposes and were inspired by other-platform formats even to the point of being named after them.)

== Identification ==
LBR files have no signature, but they begin with a "Directory Control Entry" that has a fairly strict format. So, LBR files start with a 0x00 byte, then 11 spaces (0x20), then two 0x00 bytes, then two bytes that are not both 0x00.

== Software ==

* [[CFX]] (DOS/Unix)
* [http://www.svgalib.org/rus/lbrate.html lbrate] by Russell Marks, c. 2001 (Unix, GPL2)
* [http://www.seasip.info/Unix/Lar/index.html LAR] (Unix, tar-like interface) by John Elliott, based on Stephen C. Hemminger's original
* [http://www.classiccmp.org/cpmarchives/cpm/mirrors/oak.oakland.edu/pub/cpm/arc-lbr/lu310.com lu310.com] (CP/M software)
* {{XAD}}

== Sample files ==
* [http://cpmarchives.classiccmp.org/cpm/mirrors/oak.oakland.edu/pub/cpm/ OAK CP/M archive] → .../*.lbr
* {{DexvertSamples|archive/lbr}}

== References ==

* .LBR format definition, Gary P. Novosielski, 1984-08-19 -- available as LUDEF5.DOC in many CP/M archives (e.g., [http://www.retroarchive.org/cpm/cdrom/CPM/UTILS/ARC-LBR/LUDEF5.DOC here])
** [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/ludef5.txt This version] renames the extension to .txt so the browser won't try to launch M$ Word to open it.
** '''[http://www.seasip.info/Cpm/ludef5.html HTML version]''' of the above
* .LBR format definition, Gary P. Novosielski, 1984-08-04 -- [http://annex.retroarchive.org/cdrom/nightowl-001/015A/LUDEF4/LUDEF4.DOC an older version of the specification]
* .LBR format definition, Gary P. Novosielski, 1983-08-16 [http://cpmarchives.classiccmp.org/cpm/Software/WalnutCD/lambda/soundpot/f/lu300.lbr] use e.g. [[The Unarchiver]] to access the contained files.
* .LBR format definition, Gary P. Novosielski, 1982-11-04 -- [http://cpmarchives.classiccmp.org/cpm/Software/WalnutCD/simtel/sigm/vols100/vol119/ludef1.doc an early version of the specification]
* [[Wikipedia:LBR (file format)|LBR (file format) at Wikipedia]]
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/arc-lbr.pro ARC vs LBR comparison (1985)]

[[Category:CP/M]]

AMOS Picture Bank

2024-04-12T11:35:18Z

Polluks: /* Software */ XAD

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Graphics
|extensions={{ext|abk}}
}}
'''AMOS Picture Bank''' (also called '''AMOS Pac.Pic.''') is a raster graphics format associated with AMOS. See [[AMOS BASIC tokenized file]] for more information about AMOS.

It is a subtype [[AMOS Memory Bank]], identified by the name "<code>Pac.Pic.</code>". It may appear in a file by itself, or be contained in [[AMOS BASIC tokenized file]] or [[AMOS AmBs]] format.

It is not the same as [[AMOS Sprite Bank]] or [[AMOS Icon Bank]].

== Identification ==
Files begin with ASCII "<code>AmBk</code>", and have "<code>Pac.Pic.</code>" at offset 12.

== Specifications ==
* [https://www.exotica.org.uk/wiki/AMOS_Pac.Pic._format AMOS Pac.Pic. format]
* [http://www.amigacoding.com/index.php/AMOS:Picture_Bank_format AMOS:Picture Bank format]

== Software ==
* [https://github.com/dschwen/amosbank amosbank]
* [https://github.com/kyz/amostools amostools]
* {{Deark}}
* {{XAD}}

== Sample files ==
* http://cd.textfiles.com/globalamiga/Development/Programming/AMOS_PRO/Pictures/
* [http://cd.textfiles.com/amospd/Sprites/Amos.Abk Amos.Abk]
* [http://cd.textfiles.com/amospd/076-100/APD082/piccy.abk piccy.abk]
* [http://cd.textfiles.com/amospd/001-025/APD022/Extra_Bits/Available_For.Abk Available_For.Abk]
* {{DexvertSamples|image/amosPicture}}

[[Category:Amiga]]

HFS

2024-04-12T10:58:20Z

Polluks: Undo revision 48404 by Polluks (talk)

:Not to be confused with [[HFS (IBM)]], a distinct IBM mainframe filesystem with the same name.
{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Filesystem
|extensions={{ext|hfs}}, {{ext|img}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/1105}}
}}
'''HFS''' ('''Hierarchical File System'''), also known as '''Mac OS Standard format''', is the native filesystem format of Apple's classic Mac OS operating system. It is the predecessor of [[HFS+]].

== Identification ==
The ASCII characters "{{magic|BD}}" appear at offset 1024.

== Specifications ==
* [https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/mac/Files/Files-99.html Information from Apple]

== Software ==
* Supported natively by classic Mac OS, OS X, macOS (read-only in newer versions).
* The Linux kernel optionally supports HFS (read+write).
* [http://www.catacombae.org/hfsexplorer/ HFSExplorer]
* [http://www.mars.org/home/rob/proj/hfs/ hfsutils]
* [[7-Zip]] ''[Ed. note: Claims to support HFS, but we've had no luck with it.]''

== Sample files ==
* https://archive.org/details/cdrom-golden-orchard-12 → GoldenOrchard1.2.iso ([[Apple Partition Map|APM]] format) → Golden Orchard.hfs

== Links ==
* [[Wikipedia:Hierarchical File System|Wikipedia article]]

[[Category:Apple]]
[[Category:Macintosh]]

HFS

2024-04-12T10:57:45Z

Polluks: /* Software */ XAD

:Not to be confused with [[HFS (IBM)]], a distinct IBM mainframe filesystem with the same name.
{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Filesystem
|extensions={{ext|hfs}}, {{ext|img}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/1105}}
}}
'''HFS''' ('''Hierarchical File System'''), also known as '''Mac OS Standard format''', is the native filesystem format of Apple's classic Mac OS operating system. It is the predecessor of [[HFS+]].

== Identification ==
The ASCII characters "{{magic|BD}}" appear at offset 1024.

== Specifications ==
* [https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/mac/Files/Files-99.html Information from Apple]

== Software ==
* Supported natively by classic Mac OS, OS X, macOS (read-only in newer versions).
* The Linux kernel optionally supports HFS (read+write).
* [http://www.catacombae.org/hfsexplorer/ HFSExplorer]
* [http://www.mars.org/home/rob/proj/hfs/ hfsutils]
* [[7-Zip]] ''[Ed. note: Claims to support HFS, but we've had no luck with it.]''
* {{XAD}}

== Sample files ==
* https://archive.org/details/cdrom-golden-orchard-12 → GoldenOrchard1.2.iso ([[Apple Partition Map|APM]] format) → Golden Orchard.hfs

== Links ==
* [[Wikipedia:Hierarchical File System|Wikipedia article]]

[[Category:Apple]]
[[Category:Macintosh]]