Just Solve the File Format Problem - User contributions [en]

Fonts

2026-03-06T06:59:13Z

PaulWise: linkify

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Fonts
|image=Fonts.png
}}
Fonts describe how text looks (as opposed to how the characters are represented in text, which is the area of [[character encoding]]s). There are a number of formats that describe fonts for computers.

== Font formats ==
* [[Acorn Font]]
* [[Adobe Type 1]] (PostScript Type 1, ATM, .pfb, .pfm, .afm)
* [[Amiga bitmap font]]
* [[BDF]]
* [[BRFNT]]
* [[ByteMap font format]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171031202737/http://bmf.wz.cz/bmf-format.htm]
* [[Bitstream compressed outline]] (.bco)
* [[Calamus Font]] (.cfn)
* [[CHET font]]
* [[ChiWriter font]]
* [[CHR (Borland font)]]
* [[CID]], [[TFM]], [[OFM]], [[OVF]], [[OVP]], [[Metafont]] - TeX Fonts and support data
* [[CPI]]
* [[Daisy-Dot font]]
* [[Data Fork Suitcase font]] (OS X, .dfont)
* [[dfont]]
* [[DRFONT]]
* [[Embedded OpenType]] (EOT)
* [[EVAfont driver]]
* [[F3 font]]
* [[FIGlet font]]
* [[FNT (Windows Font)]]
* [[FONTASY font]] (.fy*)
* [[FONTEDIT font]]
* [[FontEdit II COM file]]
* [[FontLab]] (.vfb)
* [[Font Mania (REXXCOM)]]
* [[Fontographer]] (.fog)
* [[FON]] (Windows Font with NE/PE container)
* [[Font Suitcase]] (Mac pre-OS X, uses resource fork)
* [[GEM bitmap font]] (.fnt)
* [[GEOS Font]]
* [[GRASP font]]
* [[HEX (Unifont)]]
* [[IntelliFont]]
* [[Interlace Character Editor font]]
* [[MPlayer bitmap font]]
* [[Open Font Format]]
* [[OpenType]] (.otf)
* [[PaintJet soft font]] (.pjf)
* [[PC Screen Font]]
* [[PCF]]
* [[PCR font]]
* [[PFF2]] (.pf2)
* [[PFR]] (TrueDoc)
* [[PK font]]
* [[PostScript font]]
* [[Raw Bitmap Font]] (.rbf)
* [[sfnt]]
* [[Signum font]]
* [https://sluglibrary.com/ Slug fonts] (.slug)
* [[SNF]]
* [[Speedo]] (.spd)
* [[Spline Font Database]] (.sfd)
* [[TexFont]] (.txf)
* [[TheDraw font]] (.tdf)
* [[TrueType]] (.ttf)
* [[Unified Font Object]] (.ufo, .ufoz)
* BSD / Sun [[vfont]]
* [[WOFF|Web Open Font Format]] (WOFF)
* [[WFN (font format)|WFN]]
* [[WGT Font]] (.wfn)
* [[XFT]] Expert 3D Font

== Font metrics ==
* AFM, PFM: See [[Adobe Type 1]]
* [[TeX Font Metrics]] (.tfm)

== Glyph formats ==
* [[Glyph Interchange Format]] (.glif)

== Other formats ==
* [[Adobe Font List]] (.lst)

== Links ==

=== Fonts ===
* [http://comicneue.com/ Comic Neue: an attempted replacement for Comic Sans]
* [http://opendyslexic.org/ Open Dyslexic font; designed to be more easily readable by dyslexics]
* [http://reason.com/blog/2013/06/21/dont-want-the-nsa-to-read-your-email-use Don't Want the NSA to Read Your Documents? Use This Font.]

=== Tools ===
* [http://www.typesample.com/ Type Sample: tool for identifying and sampling web fonts]

=== Commentary ===
* [http://www.dustbury.com/archives/18596 Times is on my side]
* [http://www.slant.co/topics/67/~what-are-the-best-programming-fonts What are the best programming fonts?]
* [http://hivelogic.com/articles/top-10-programming-fonts Top 10 programming fonts]
* [http://www.cracked.com/blog/5-genuinely-offensive-font-choices-that-must-be-stopped/ 5 Genuinely Offensive Font Choices That Must Be Stopped]
* [http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/tech/social-media/image-macros-memes-impact-font/ This font has a big Impact on memes]
* [http://opentype.info/blog/2013/07/03/color-emoji-in-windows-8-1-the-future-of-color-fonts/ Color Emoji in Windows 8.1—The Future of Color Fonts?]
* [http://thenextweb.com/dd/2013/12/23/science-behind-fonts-make-feel/ The science behind fonts (and how they make you feel)]

=== Humor ===
* [http://www.mcsweeneys.net/articles/im-comic-sans-asshole I'm Comic Sans, Asshole!]
* [http://pixelambacht.nl/2015/sans-bullshit-sans/ Sans Bullshit Sans: leveraging the synergy of ligatures]

=== Other links ===
* O'Reilly, "Fonts and Encodings", Yannis Haralambous, ISBN 978-0-596-10242-5
* [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/417863689/travelling-font-salesman-typographic-book Travelling Font Salesman - Typographic Book]
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/01/30/creatingafont.html Creating a font from a classic comic]
* [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/07/webfonts-making-wikimedia-projects-readable-for-everyone/ Webfonts: Making Wikimedia projects readable for everyone]
* [http://damieng.com/blog/2011/02/20/typography-in-8-bits-system-fonts Typography in 8 bits: System fonts]
* [http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/freetype/freetype2.git/tree/docs/formats.txt FreeType 2: Supported Font Formats]
* [https://github.com/file/file/blob/master/magic/Magdir/fonts Magic sequences for font formats recognized by file command]
* [https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_vista-windows_update/kb3013455-ms15-010-causes-font-corruption/8640d38d-19bd-46b6-9af0-6213c05107d3 KB3013455 (MS15-010) causes font corruption (Windows)]

Fonts

2026-03-06T01:36:27Z

PaulWise: fix ordering

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Fonts
|image=Fonts.png
}}
Fonts describe how text looks (as opposed to how the characters are represented in text, which is the area of [[character encoding]]s). There are a number of formats that describe fonts for computers.

== Font formats ==
* [[Acorn Font]]
* [[Adobe Type 1]] (PostScript Type 1, ATM, .pfb, .pfm, .afm)
* [[Amiga bitmap font]]
* [[BDF]]
* [[BRFNT]]
* [[ByteMap font format]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171031202737/http://bmf.wz.cz/bmf-format.htm]
* [[Bitstream compressed outline]] (.bco)
* [[Calamus Font]] (.cfn)
* [[CHET font]]
* [[ChiWriter font]]
* [[CHR (Borland font)]]
* [[CID]], [[TFM]], [[OFM]], [[OVF]], [[OVP]], [[Metafont]] - TeX Fonts and support data
* [[CPI]]
* [[Daisy-Dot font]]
* [[Data Fork Suitcase font]] (OS X, .dfont)
* [[dfont]]
* [[DRFONT]]
* [[Embedded OpenType]] (EOT)
* [[EVAfont driver]]
* [[F3 font]]
* [[FIGlet font]]
* [[FNT (Windows Font)]]
* [[FONTASY font]] (.fy*)
* [[FONTEDIT font]]
* [[FontEdit II COM file]]
* [[FontLab]] (.vfb)
* [[Font Mania (REXXCOM)]]
* [[Fontographer]] (.fog)
* [[FON]] (Windows Font with NE/PE container)
* [[Font Suitcase]] (Mac pre-OS X, uses resource fork)
* [[GEM bitmap font]] (.fnt)
* [[GEOS Font]]
* [[GRASP font]]
* [[HEX (Unifont)]]
* [[IntelliFont]]
* [[Interlace Character Editor font]]
* [[MPlayer bitmap font]]
* [[Open Font Format]]
* [[OpenType]] (.otf)
* [[PaintJet soft font]] (.pjf)
* [[PC Screen Font]]
* [[PCF]]
* [[PCR font]]
* [[PFF2]] (.pf2)
* [[PFR]] (TrueDoc)
* [[PK font]]
* [[PostScript font]]
* [[Raw Bitmap Font]] (.rbf)
* [[sfnt]]
* [[Signum font]]
* Slug fonts sluglibrary.com (.slug)
* [[SNF]]
* [[Speedo]] (.spd)
* [[Spline Font Database]] (.sfd)
* [[TexFont]] (.txf)
* [[TheDraw font]] (.tdf)
* [[TrueType]] (.ttf)
* [[Unified Font Object]] (.ufo, .ufoz)
* BSD / Sun [[vfont]]
* [[WOFF|Web Open Font Format]] (WOFF)
* [[WFN (font format)|WFN]]
* [[WGT Font]] (.wfn)
* [[XFT]] Expert 3D Font

== Font metrics ==
* AFM, PFM: See [[Adobe Type 1]]
* [[TeX Font Metrics]] (.tfm)

== Glyph formats ==
* [[Glyph Interchange Format]] (.glif)

== Other formats ==
* [[Adobe Font List]] (.lst)

== Links ==

=== Fonts ===
* [http://comicneue.com/ Comic Neue: an attempted replacement for Comic Sans]
* [http://opendyslexic.org/ Open Dyslexic font; designed to be more easily readable by dyslexics]
* [http://reason.com/blog/2013/06/21/dont-want-the-nsa-to-read-your-email-use Don't Want the NSA to Read Your Documents? Use This Font.]

=== Tools ===
* [http://www.typesample.com/ Type Sample: tool for identifying and sampling web fonts]

=== Commentary ===
* [http://www.dustbury.com/archives/18596 Times is on my side]
* [http://www.slant.co/topics/67/~what-are-the-best-programming-fonts What are the best programming fonts?]
* [http://hivelogic.com/articles/top-10-programming-fonts Top 10 programming fonts]
* [http://www.cracked.com/blog/5-genuinely-offensive-font-choices-that-must-be-stopped/ 5 Genuinely Offensive Font Choices That Must Be Stopped]
* [http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/tech/social-media/image-macros-memes-impact-font/ This font has a big Impact on memes]
* [http://opentype.info/blog/2013/07/03/color-emoji-in-windows-8-1-the-future-of-color-fonts/ Color Emoji in Windows 8.1—The Future of Color Fonts?]
* [http://thenextweb.com/dd/2013/12/23/science-behind-fonts-make-feel/ The science behind fonts (and how they make you feel)]

=== Humor ===
* [http://www.mcsweeneys.net/articles/im-comic-sans-asshole I'm Comic Sans, Asshole!]
* [http://pixelambacht.nl/2015/sans-bullshit-sans/ Sans Bullshit Sans: leveraging the synergy of ligatures]

=== Other links ===
* O'Reilly, "Fonts and Encodings", Yannis Haralambous, ISBN 978-0-596-10242-5
* [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/417863689/travelling-font-salesman-typographic-book Travelling Font Salesman - Typographic Book]
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/01/30/creatingafont.html Creating a font from a classic comic]
* [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/07/webfonts-making-wikimedia-projects-readable-for-everyone/ Webfonts: Making Wikimedia projects readable for everyone]
* [http://damieng.com/blog/2011/02/20/typography-in-8-bits-system-fonts Typography in 8 bits: System fonts]
* [http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/freetype/freetype2.git/tree/docs/formats.txt FreeType 2: Supported Font Formats]
* [https://github.com/file/file/blob/master/magic/Magdir/fonts Magic sequences for font formats recognized by file command]
* [https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_vista-windows_update/kb3013455-ms15-010-causes-font-corruption/8640d38d-19bd-46b6-9af0-6213c05107d3 KB3013455 (MS15-010) causes font corruption (Windows)]

Fonts

2026-03-06T01:35:29Z

PaulWise: Slug font library has a custom proprietary font format attached

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Fonts
|image=Fonts.png
}}
Fonts describe how text looks (as opposed to how the characters are represented in text, which is the area of [[character encoding]]s). There are a number of formats that describe fonts for computers.

== Font formats ==
* [[Acorn Font]]
* [[Adobe Type 1]] (PostScript Type 1, ATM, .pfb, .pfm, .afm)
* [[Amiga bitmap font]]
* [[BDF]]
* [[BRFNT]]
* [[ByteMap font format]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171031202737/http://bmf.wz.cz/bmf-format.htm]
* [[Bitstream compressed outline]] (.bco)
* [[Calamus Font]] (.cfn)
* [[CHET font]]
* [[ChiWriter font]]
* [[CHR (Borland font)]]
* [[CID]], [[TFM]], [[OFM]], [[OVF]], [[OVP]], [[Metafont]] - TeX Fonts and support data
* [[CPI]]
* [[Daisy-Dot font]]
* [[Data Fork Suitcase font]] (OS X, .dfont)
* [[dfont]]
* [[DRFONT]]
* [[Embedded OpenType]] (EOT)
* [[EVAfont driver]]
* [[F3 font]]
* [[FIGlet font]]
* [[FNT (Windows Font)]]
* [[FONTASY font]] (.fy*)
* [[FONTEDIT font]]
* [[FontEdit II COM file]]
* [[FontLab]] (.vfb)
* [[Font Mania (REXXCOM)]]
* [[Fontographer]] (.fog)
* [[FON]] (Windows Font with NE/PE container)
* [[Font Suitcase]] (Mac pre-OS X, uses resource fork)
* [[GEM bitmap font]] (.fnt)
* [[GEOS Font]]
* [[GRASP font]]
* [[HEX (Unifont)]]
* [[IntelliFont]]
* [[Interlace Character Editor font]]
* [[MPlayer bitmap font]]
* [[Open Font Format]]
* [[OpenType]] (.otf)
* [[PaintJet soft font]] (.pjf)
* [[PC Screen Font]]
* [[PCF]]
* [[PCR font]]
* [[PFF2]] (.pf2)
* [[PFR]] (TrueDoc)
* [[PK font]]
* [[PostScript font]]
* [[Raw Bitmap Font]] (.rbf)
* [[sfnt]]
* [[Signum font]]
* [[SNF]]
* [[Speedo]] (.spd)
* [[Spline Font Database]] (.sfd)
* Slug fonts sluglibrary.com (.slug)
* [[TexFont]] (.txf)
* [[TheDraw font]] (.tdf)
* [[TrueType]] (.ttf)
* [[Unified Font Object]] (.ufo, .ufoz)
* BSD / Sun [[vfont]]
* [[WOFF|Web Open Font Format]] (WOFF)
* [[WFN (font format)|WFN]]
* [[WGT Font]] (.wfn)
* [[XFT]] Expert 3D Font

== Font metrics ==
* AFM, PFM: See [[Adobe Type 1]]
* [[TeX Font Metrics]] (.tfm)

== Glyph formats ==
* [[Glyph Interchange Format]] (.glif)

== Other formats ==
* [[Adobe Font List]] (.lst)

== Links ==

=== Fonts ===
* [http://comicneue.com/ Comic Neue: an attempted replacement for Comic Sans]
* [http://opendyslexic.org/ Open Dyslexic font; designed to be more easily readable by dyslexics]
* [http://reason.com/blog/2013/06/21/dont-want-the-nsa-to-read-your-email-use Don't Want the NSA to Read Your Documents? Use This Font.]

=== Tools ===
* [http://www.typesample.com/ Type Sample: tool for identifying and sampling web fonts]

=== Commentary ===
* [http://www.dustbury.com/archives/18596 Times is on my side]
* [http://www.slant.co/topics/67/~what-are-the-best-programming-fonts What are the best programming fonts?]
* [http://hivelogic.com/articles/top-10-programming-fonts Top 10 programming fonts]
* [http://www.cracked.com/blog/5-genuinely-offensive-font-choices-that-must-be-stopped/ 5 Genuinely Offensive Font Choices That Must Be Stopped]
* [http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/tech/social-media/image-macros-memes-impact-font/ This font has a big Impact on memes]
* [http://opentype.info/blog/2013/07/03/color-emoji-in-windows-8-1-the-future-of-color-fonts/ Color Emoji in Windows 8.1—The Future of Color Fonts?]
* [http://thenextweb.com/dd/2013/12/23/science-behind-fonts-make-feel/ The science behind fonts (and how they make you feel)]

=== Humor ===
* [http://www.mcsweeneys.net/articles/im-comic-sans-asshole I'm Comic Sans, Asshole!]
* [http://pixelambacht.nl/2015/sans-bullshit-sans/ Sans Bullshit Sans: leveraging the synergy of ligatures]

=== Other links ===
* O'Reilly, "Fonts and Encodings", Yannis Haralambous, ISBN 978-0-596-10242-5
* [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/417863689/travelling-font-salesman-typographic-book Travelling Font Salesman - Typographic Book]
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/01/30/creatingafont.html Creating a font from a classic comic]
* [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/07/webfonts-making-wikimedia-projects-readable-for-everyone/ Webfonts: Making Wikimedia projects readable for everyone]
* [http://damieng.com/blog/2011/02/20/typography-in-8-bits-system-fonts Typography in 8 bits: System fonts]
* [http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/freetype/freetype2.git/tree/docs/formats.txt FreeType 2: Supported Font Formats]
* [https://github.com/file/file/blob/master/magic/Magdir/fonts Magic sequences for font formats recognized by file command]
* [https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_vista-windows_update/kb3013455-ms15-010-causes-font-corruption/8640d38d-19bd-46b6-9af0-6213c05107d3 KB3013455 (MS15-010) causes font corruption (Windows)]

AMB

2023-08-09T12:18:26Z

PaulWise: update links

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Help files
|extensions={{ext|amb}}
|released=2020
}}
[[AMB]] stands for "Ancient Machine's Book". It is an extremely lightweight file format meant to store any kind of hypertext documentation that may be comfortably viewed even on the most ancient PCs: technical manuals, books, etc. Think of it as a retro equivalent of a *.CHM help file.

== Identification ==

[[AMB]] files start with bytes {{magic|41 4D 42 31}}, or "{{magic|AMB1}}" in [[ASCII]].

== Format description ==

* [https://amb.osdn.io/archiwum/format-20201216.txt AMB archive format specs]

== Sample file ==
* https://amb.osdn.io/lib/8086set.amb

== Links and references ==

* [https://amb.osdn.io/ AMB: the Ancient Machine Book format]

[[Category:Hypermedia]]

Desktop Services Store

2023-03-28T06:06:13Z

PaulWise: link fixing, separate software section

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Metadata
|extensions={{ext|DS_Store}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/394}}
}}
'''Desktop Services Store''' ('''.DS_Store''') is a file format used by [[Mac OS X]], and the Finder app, to store information about a directory.

== Identification ==
Files apparently begin with bytes {{magic|00 00 00 01}}, followed by ASCII "{{magic|Bud1}}".

== Software ==
* [http://www.hhhh.org/src/hg/dsstore/ Mac::Finder::DSStore] Perl module
* [https://github.com/gehaxelt/ds_store Go library]
* [https://github.com/gehaxelt/Python-dsstore Python library]

== External links ==

* [[Wikipedia:.DS_Store]]
* [https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/Mac-Finder-DSStore/DSStoreFormat.pod Specification from Mac::Finder::DSStore]
* [https://0day.work/parsing-the-ds_store-file-format/ Parsing the .DS_Store file format]
* [https://wiki.mozilla.org/DS_Store_File_Format Reverse-engineered specification]
* [https://eclecticlight.co/2021/11/27/explainer-ds_store-files/ Explainer: .DS_Store files]

[[Category:Filesystem]]
[[Category:File format details]]
[[Category:File formats with a distinctive filename]]
[[Category:File formats with case sensitive extensions]]
[[Category:Macintosh]]

Desktop Services Store

2023-03-28T06:03:34Z

PaulWise: fix format

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Metadata
|extensions={{ext|DS_Store}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/394}}
}}
'''Desktop Services Store''' ('''.DS_Store''') is a file format used by [[Mac OS X]], and the Finder app, to store information about a directory.

== Identification ==
Files apparently begin with bytes {{magic|00 00 00 01}}, followed by ASCII "{{magic|Bud1}}".

== External links ==

* [[Wikipedia:.DS_Store]]
* [http://www.hhhh.org/src/hg/dsstore/ Mac::Finder::DSStore] Perl module
* [https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/Mac-Finder-DSStore/DSStoreFormat.pod Specification from Mac::Finder::DSStore]
* [https://0day.work/parsing-the-ds_store-file-format/ Parsing the .DS_Store file format]
* [https://wiki.mozilla.org/DS_Store_File_Format Reverse-engineered specification]
* [https://eclecticlight.co/2021/11/27/explainer-ds_store-files/ Explainer: .DS_Store files]
* [https://0day.work/parsing-the-ds_store-file-format/ Parsing the .DS_Store file format]

[[Category:Filesystem]]
[[Category:File format details]]
[[Category:File formats with a distinctive filename]]
[[Category:File formats with case sensitive extensions]]
[[Category:Macintosh]]

Desktop Services Store

2023-03-28T06:03:06Z

PaulWise: add another ds_store article

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Metadata
|extensions={{ext|DS_Store}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/394}}
}}
'''Desktop Services Store''' ('''.DS_Store''') is a file format used by [[Mac OS X]], and the Finder app, to store information about a directory.

== Identification ==
Files apparently begin with bytes {{magic|00 00 00 01}}, followed by ASCII "{{magic|Bud1}}".

== External links ==

* [[Wikipedia:.DS_Store]]
* [http://www.hhhh.org/src/hg/dsstore/ Mac::Finder::DSStore] Perl module
* [https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/Mac-Finder-DSStore/DSStoreFormat.pod Specification from Mac::Finder::DSStore]
* [https://0day.work/parsing-the-ds_store-file-format/ Parsing the .DS_Store file format]
* [https://wiki.mozilla.org/DS_Store_File_Format Reverse-engineered specification]
* [https://eclecticlight.co/2021/11/27/explainer-ds_store-files/ Explainer: .DS_Store files]
* [https://0day.work/parsing-the-ds_store-file-format/
Parsing the .DS_Store file format]

[[Category:Filesystem]]
[[Category:File format details]]
[[Category:File formats with a distinctive filename]]
[[Category:File formats with case sensitive extensions]]
[[Category:Macintosh]]

User:PaulWise

2021-09-05T03:53:49Z

PaulWise:

Work on file formats:

* did a bunch of reverse engineering of the CHM format
* am part of upstream for some FLOSS decompiler software

Homepage: https://bonedaddy.net/pabs3/<br>
Contributions: [[Special:Contributions/PaulWise]]

User:PaulWise

2021-09-05T03:53:39Z

PaulWise: add contributions link

Work on file formats:

* did a bunch of reverse engineering of the CHM format
* am part of upstream for some FLOSS decompiler software

Homepage: https://bonedaddy.net/pabs3/
Contributions: [[Special:Contributions/PaulWise]]

User:PaulWise

2021-09-05T03:51:26Z

PaulWise: https

Work on file formats:

* did a bunch of reverse engineering of the CHM format
* am part of upstream for some FLOSS decompiler software

Homepage: https://bonedaddy.net/pabs3/

Notability

2018-04-01T04:44:44Z

PaulWise: typo

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Annotation
|extensions={{ext|note}}
}}

'''Notability''' is a note-taking & annotation program for the iOS platform.

== Software ==

* [https://github.com/jvns/svg2notability svg2notability]: convert SVG files to the Notability format

== Links ==

* [https://jvns.ca/blog/2018/03/31/reverse-engineering-notability-format/ Reverse engineering the Notability file format]

Notability

2018-04-01T04:44:24Z

PaulWise: add software section

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Annotation
|extensions={{ext|note}}
}}

'''Notability''' is a note-taking & annotation program for the iOS platform.

== Software ==

* [https://github.com/jvns/svg2notability svg2notability]]: convert SVG files to the Notability format

== Links ==

* [https://jvns.ca/blog/2018/03/31/reverse-engineering-notability-format/ Reverse engineering the Notability file format]

Notability

2018-04-01T04:41:28Z

PaulWise: Notability format

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Annotation
|extensions={{ext|note}}
}}

'''Notability''' is a note-taking & annotation program for the iOS platform.

== Links ==

* [https://jvns.ca/blog/2018/03/31/reverse-engineering-notability-format/ Reverse engineering the Notability file format]

Dalvik Executable

2018-01-05T05:16:46Z

PaulWise: add a couple of links

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Executables
|extensions={{ext|dex}}, {{ext|odex}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/694}}, {{PRONOM|fmt/695}}
}}
'''Dalvik Executable''' (DEX) is the form of executable code used in [[Android]] apps. It is code for a virtual machine architecture called the "Dalvik machine" (named after a fishing village in Iceland).

Android apps are typically written in [[Java]], which compiles to Java virtual machine [[bytecode]], which is then transformed into the Dalvik form; this creates several levels of indirection between the original program code and the actual native machine code of the hardware. A variant, "Optimized Dalvik Executable", transforms the code in ways that improve its efficiency. (The various layers of compiling and translating are done "Just In Time", making the system act as if it were using an interpreted language.)

The Dalvik software is open-source, but it has had legal issues of alleged infringement of patents and copyrights of Java; some litigation is still in progress.

Dalvik Executable is replaced with a newer format, [[ART (Android Runtime)]], in newer Android versions (from 5.0 "Lollipop").

Both ART and DEX executables typically come to the end user embedded in an [[APK]] installation archive.

== Format description ==
* [https://source.android.com/devices/tech/dalvik/dex-format.html Official format description]

== Links ==
* [[Wikipedia:Dalvik (software)|Wikipedia article]]
* [http://source.android.com/devices/tech/dalvik/ ART and Dalvik]
* [http://davidehringer.com/software/android/The_Dalvik_Virtual_Machine.pdf The Dalvik Virtual Machine Architecture]
* [https://twitter.com/angealbertini/status/538079375527116800/photo/1 DEX format chart] ([https://github.com/corkami/pics/raw/master/binary/DalvikEXecutable.pdf PDF])
* [https://www.fortiguard.com/uploads/general/Hidex_Paper.pdf Playing Hide and Seek with Dalvik Executables]
* [https://blog.bugsnag.com/dex-and-d8/ An exploration of the Dex File format]

Graphics

2017-10-21T05:56:19Z

PaulWise: fix syntax

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Graphics
|image=Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, from C2RMF retouched.jpg
|caption=Mona Lisa
}}
__NOTOC__
[[Electronic_File_Formats|Electronic Formats]] concerned with Image Data.

''See also:''
* [[3D and CAD/CAM Models]]
* [[Cameras and Digital Image Sensors]]
* [[Fonts]]
* [[Geospatial]]
* [[Page description languages]]
* [[Video]]

== Adjustment data ==

* [[AAE sidecar format]] (Apple iOS 8 / OS X Yosemite)

== Animated image formats ==
See also [[Video]].

* [[NEOchrome Animation|ANI (NEOchrome)]]
* [[Windows Animated Cursor|ANI (Windows Animated Cursor)]]
* [[ANIM]]
* [[Animatic Film‎]] (.flm)
* [[ANSIMation]]
* [[APNG]]
* [[BAM]] (Infinity Engine)
* [[CFAST Disney Animation Studio]] (.cft)
* [[Cyber Paint Sequence]] (.seq)
* [[DeluxePaint Animation]] (ANM or Anim)
* [[DVM]] (DVM Movie/Magic Software DVM)
* [[EVA]]
* [[FLIC]] (FLI, FLC)
* [[GIF]]
* [[GIFV]]
* [[GFY]]
* [[GRASP GL]]
* [[IFF-DEEP]]
* [[Imagic Film/Picture]] (Atari ST frames used in animation)
* [[JPX]]
* [[MNG]]
* [[PGX (Portfolio)]]
* [[PICS]]
* [[QTL]] (YUV SECAM or PAL image)
* [[Spectrum 512 Anispec‎]]
* [[SWF]] (Flash)
* [[XNG]]

== Character-based graphics ==
See [[Character encoding]] for details of character sets, some of which include graphical or line-and-box-drawing characters.

* [[ANSI Art]] (.ans)
* [[AN2]]
* [[ArtWorx Data Format]] (.adf)
* [[ASCII Art]]
* [[AVATAR]] (FidoNet)
* [[BIN (Binary Text)]]
* [[BSAVE Image]]
* [[iCEDraw]] (.idf)
* [[PCBoard]] (.pcb)
* [[RIPscrip]] (or RIPscript)
* [[TheDraw Save File]] (.td)
* [[TUNDRA]] (.tnd)
* [[XBIN]] (.xb)

== Colors ==
(Profiles, color spaces, palettes, swatches)
* [[Adobe RGB (1998)]]
* [[Adobe Swatch Exchange]] (.ase)
* [[Atari ST color palette]]
* [[Commodore 64 color palette]]
* [[DNG camera profile]]
* [[GIMP Palette]]
* [[ICC profile]]
* [[Photoshop Curve]]
* [[Photoshop Transfer Function]]
* [[RIFF Palette File]]
* [[sRGB]]
* [[Web-safe colors]]
* [[YUV]]

== Comics creation ==
* [[Manga Studio]]

== Compression ==

Special-purpose compression algorithms and formats that may be used in multiple image file formats.

See also [[Compression]], for general-purpose algorithms.

* [[CCITT Group 3]]
* [[CCITT Group 4]]
* [[DCT compression]] (e.g. lossy [[JPEG]])
* [[JBIG]]
* [[JBIG2]]
* [[JPEG]]
* [[JPEG 2000 codestream]]
* [[JPEG-LS]]
* [[Lepton]]
* [[LOCO-I]] (Low Complexity Lossless Compression for Images)
* [[Mixed Raster Content]] (MRC, T.44)
* [[Modified Huffman]]
* [[Modified Modified READ]]
* [[Modified READ]]
* [[NeXT 2-bit RLE]]
* [[PackBits]]
* [[packJPG]] (.pjg)
* [[packPNM]] (.ppn)
* [[Rawzor]]
* [[Run-length colour encoding]] (T.45)
* [[Run-length encoding]]
* [[ThunderScan compression]]
* [[Wavelet compression]]

== Icon, Cursor, and Avatar files ==
(Formats often used for icons, cursors, avatars, thumbnails, etc.)

* [[Amiga Workbench icon]] (.info)
* [[AMOS Icon Bank]]
* [[Windows Animated Cursor|ANI (Windows Animated Cursor)]]
* [[Apple File and App Icons]]
* [[CUR]] (Microsoft Windows cursors)
** [[Windows 1.0 Cursor]]
* [[DEGAS Elite icon]] (.icn)
* [[EPOC AIF]]
* [[Favicon]]
* [[GEM resource file]] (.rsc)
* [[GlowIcons]]
* [[Haiku Vector Icon Format]]
* [[HP 100LX/200LX icon]] (.icn)
* [[ICDRAW icon]]
* [[ICNS]] (Apple/Macintosh Icon)
* [[ICO]] (Microsoft Windows icons)
** [[Windows 1.0 Icon]]
* [[Icon library]] (.icl)
* [[iThmb]] (iOS thumbnail images)
* [[Micrografx Icon]] (.icn)
* [[NeoDesk icon]] (.nic)
* [[NewIcons]]
* [[Nokia Group Graphic]] (.ngg)
* [[Nokia Logo Manager bitmap‎]] (.nlm)
* [[Nokia Operator Logo]] (.nol)
* [[Nokia Picture Message]] (.npm)
* [[Nokia Startup Logo]] (.nsl)
* [[OLPC 565]]
* [[OS/2 Icon]]
* [[OS/2 Pointer]] (.ptr)
* [[PaintShop Pro Browser Cache]] (pspbrwse.jbf)
* [[Photoshop Thumbnail Cache]]
* [[RIPscrip Icon]] (RIPterm Image, .icn)
* [[Sony Mavica 411]]
* [[Sun icon]]
* [[SuperJPG thumbnail cache]] (superjpg.tnc)
* [[Windows thumbnail cache]] (Thumbs.db)
* [[Xbox Live Avatar]]
* [[Xcursor]]
* [[X-Face]]
* [[XV thumbnail]]
* [[ZoomBrowser Ex thumbnail cache]] (ZbThumbnail.info)

== Metadata Formats ==

* [[Exif]]
* [[IPTC]] (or NAA)
* [[MakerNote]]
* [[MIX (metadata)|MIX]]
* [[Photoshop Image Resources]]
* [[SAUCE]]
* [[XMP]]

== Programming languages (graphic-specific) ==

* [[CEEMAC]]
* [[High Level Shading Language]] (HLSL) (uses byte array header files)
* [[OpenGL Shading Language]] (GLSL)
* [[Processing]]

== Raster Graphics Formats ==

* [[AAI]] (Dune image)
* [[Abekas YUV]] (.yuv) (Diskus and Quantel QNV varieties of YUV files are apparently similar)
* [[Ability Office PhotoPaint]] (.apx)
* [[Acorn Sprite]]
* [[ADRG]]
* [[AIPD]]
* [[Alias PIX]]
* [[Alpha Microsystems BMP]]
* [[Amber ARR Bitmap Image]]
* [[AMOS Picture Bank]]
* [[AMOS Sprite Bank]]
* [[Analyze AVW]]
* [[Aperio SVS]]
* [[Apple volume label image]]
* [[Applixware Bitmap]]
* [[ARF (Axon Raw Format)]]
* [[ART (AOL compressed image)]]
* [[ART (PFS: First Publisher)]]
* [[Async Professional Fax]] (.apf)
* [[AVS X image]]
* [[Award BIOS logo]]
* [[AWD (Artweaver)]]
* [[AWD (At Work Document)]]
* [[BCIF]]
* [[BEF]]
* [[BFLI]]
* [[BGI image]]
* [[BIF (Image Alchemy)]]
* [[BigTIFF]]
* [[BioRad confocal image]]
* [[BMP]] (Windows BMP and OS/2 BMP)
* [[Bob ray tracer bitmap]]
* [[BPG]]
* [[BRender PIX]]
* [[BSAVE Image]]
* [[BSB]] (BSB/KAP)
* [[CADRG]]
* [[Calamus Raster Graphic]] (.crg)
* [[CALS raster]]
* [[Canvas (Atari)‎]] (.cpt, .cnv)
* [[Cartesian Perceptual Compression]] (CPC)
* [[CD5]] (Chasys Draw)
* [[CgBI]]
* [[Cineon]]
* [[Cisco IP Phone image]]
* [[Cloé picture]]
* [[CMU Andrew Toolkit image]] (.cmu)
* [[CMU Window Manager bitmap]]
* [[COKE (Atari Falcon)]]
* [[ColoRIX]] (RIX)
* [[CompuServe RLE]]
* [[CompW]]
* [[Corel Photo-Paint image]] (.cpt)
* [[Crack Art]] (.ca1, .ca2, .ca3)
* [[CUPS Raster]]
* [[CUT (Amstrad)]]
* [[DCS]] (Desktop Color Separation)
* [[DCX]] (ZSoft IBM PC multi-page Paintbrush)
* [[DEGAS image]] (.pi1, .pi2, .pi3, .pc1, .pc2, .pc3)
* [[DESR VFF]]
* [[DGI (Digi-Pic)]]
* [[DICOM]] (.dcm)
* [[Diddle sketch]]
* [[DiddleBug sketch]]
* [[DirectDraw Surface]] (.dds)
* [[DjVu]]
* [[DNG]]
* [[Doodle (Atari)]] (.doo)
* [[Doodle! (C64)]] (.dd, .jj)
* [[Doré Raster]]
* [[DPX]] (SMTPE DPX)
* [[Dr. Halo]] (.cut)
* [[DVI]] (Intel DVI, Digital Video Interface, Intel Real-Time Video)
* [[ECW]] (Enhanced Compression Wavelet)
* [[EggPaint]] (.trp)
* [[Enhanced Simplex]] (.esm)
* [[EPOC MBM]] (Symbian Multibitmap)
* [[EPOC Sketch]]
* [[Epson Printer Bitmaps]]
* [[ERDAS Imagine IMG]]
* [[ERDAS LAN/GIS]]
* [[ER Mapper Raster]] (.ers)
* [[Extended DEGAS image]]
* [[FaceSaver]]
* [[Falcon True Color]] (.ftc)
* [[farbfeld]]
* [[FAXX]] (IFF-FAXX)
* [[FBM image]] (Fuzzy Bitmap)
* [[FFLI]]
* [[FIASCO]]
* [[FIF (Fractal Image Format)]]
* [[FlashPix]] (.fpx)
* [[Flexible Image Transport System]] (FITS)
* [[Flexible Line Interpretation]] (FLI)
* [[FLIF]]
* [[FRA (Fractint)]]
* [[Freedom of Press]]
* [[FSH (EA Sports)]]
* [[G9B]]
* [[GEM Raster]] (.img)
* [[geoPaint]]
* [[GeoTIFF]]
* [[GIF]] (Graphics Interchange Format)
* [[GIMP Animated Brush]] (.gih)
* [[GIMP Brush]] (.gbr)
* [[GIMP Pattern]] (.pat)
* [[GLE]]
* [[GoDot]] (.4bt)
* [[GodPaint]] (.god)
* [[Graph Saurus]]
* [[GrayPaint]]
* [[GRF (Amstrad)]]
* [[GRFX]]
* [[GRIB]] (Gridded Binary)
* [[GROB]]
* [[GX1]]
* [[GX2]]
* [[HEIF]]
* [[HIPS]]
* [[HMR]] (Bentley Systems bitmap file, connected in some way to GeoTIFF)
* [[HP Paintjet]]
* [[HS2 (POSTERING)|HS2]]
* [[HSI JPEG]]
* [[HSI Raw]]
* [[HTC splashscreen]] (also known as NB format)
* [[IBM KIPS bitmap]]
* [[ICR (NCSA Telnet)]]
* [[IFF-DEEP]]
* [[ILBM]] (IFF, LBM, HAM, ACBM, etc.)
* [[Image Cytometry Standard]] (.ics)
* [[Image Exchange Format]]
* [[Imagic Film/Picture]] (Atari ST)
* [[IMG/HDR]] (Analyze 7.5)
* [[Img Software Set]]
* [[ImgStar]]
* [[IndyPaint]] (.tru)
* [[Inset PIX]]
* [[InShape IIM]]
* [[Intergraph Raster]]
* [[Interleaf image]]
* [[IPI]]
* [[IPLab]] (Image Processing Lab)
* [[IRIS CMYK Front End Processor CT]]
* [[Island Graphics TIFF]]
* [[IWC (WaveL)]]
* [[J6I]] (Ricoh Digital Camera image file)
* [[JBIG]]
* [[JBIG2]]
* [[JEDMICS C4]]
* [[Jeff's Image Format]]
* [[JFIF]] (JPEG File Interchange Format)
* [[JNG]] (JPEG Network Graphics)
* [[Jovian Logic VI]]
* [[JP2]] (JPEG 2000 Part 1 Annex I)
* [[JPC (LuraWave)]]
* [[JPEG]] (JPEG Interchange Format, .jpg)
* [[JPEG 2000]]
* [[JPEG 2000 codestream]] (.j2k, .j2c, .jpc)
* [[JPEG-HDR]]
* [[JPEG-LS]]
* [[JPEG XR]] (HD Photo)
* [[JPEG XT]]
* [[JPM]] (JPEG 2000 Part 6: Compound Image Format)
* [[JPS]]
* [[JPX]] (JPEG 2000 Part 2: Extensions, .jpf)
* [[KIFF]]
* [[KiSS CEL]]
* [[KoalaPainter]] (.koa, .gg)
* [[Kolor Raw]] (.kro)
* [[Krita]] (.kra)
* [[KTX]]
* [[LazPaint]] (.lzp)
* [[LIFF]] (Openlab Layered Image File Format)
* [[Lightning Strike]] (.cod)
* [[Lossless JPEG (original)]]
* [[Lotus Manuscript graphics]] (.bit)
* [[LSM]] (Zeiss Light Speed Microscope)
* [[LSS16]]
* [[Lucasfilm picture]] (.lff)
* [[Lumena CEL]]
* [[Lumena PIX/BPX]]
* [[LuraDocument Format]] (.ldf)
* [[LuraWave]] (LWF)
* [[MacPaint]]
* [[Magick Persistent Cache]] (MPC)
* [[MAKIchan Graphics]] (.mag)
* [[Maya IFF]]
* [[MDA|MDA/MDP]] (MicroDesign Area/Page)
* [[MDI]] (Microsoft Office Document Imaging)
* [[MegaPaint BLD]]
* [[MetaMorph Stack]] (.stk)
* [[MGR bitmap]]
* [[Microsoft Image Composer]] (.mic)
* [[MIF (MSX)]]
* [[MIFF]] (Magick Image File Format)
* [[MIX (Picture It!)]]
* [[Mixed Raster Content]] (MRC, T.44)
* [[MRF (Monochrome Recursive Format)]]
* [[MrSID]]
* [[MSP (Microsoft Paint)]]
* [[MSX BASIC graphics]]
* [[MTV ray tracer bitmap]]
* [[Multi Palette Picture]] (MPP)
* [[Multi-Picture Format]] (MPO)
* [[NASA Raster Metafile]]
* [[National Imagery Transmission Format]] (NITFS, NITF, .ntf)
* [[NEOchrome]] (.neo)
* [[Nero CoverDesigner]] (.ncd, .nct)
* [[Netpbm formats]] (PBM, PGM, PPM, PNM)
* [[The Newsroom|Newsroom, The]]
* [[NIFF (Navy Image File Format)]]
* [[NIFF (xloadimage)]]
* [[NIST IHead]] (.pct)
* [[NV12]] (a YUV format)
* [[OpenEXR]] (.exr)
* [[OpenRaster]] (.ora)
* [[OS/2 Bitmap Array]]
* [[OS/2 bitmap family]]
* [[OS/2 Boot Logo]]
* [[OTA bitmap]] (Nokia Over The Air, .otb)
* [[Paint.NET image]] (.pdn)
* [[PaintShop Pro]] (.psp, .jsl, .pfr, .tub)
* [[Palette Master]]
* [[Palm bitmap]]
* [[Palm Database ImageViewer]] / FireViewer PDB (.pdb)
* [[PAX (Pick Ax)]]
* [[PCIF]] (.pcf)
* [[PCO B16]]
* [[PCPaint CLP]]
* [[PCPaint PIC]] (a.k.a. Pictor)
* [[PCX]] (PC Paintbrush)
* [[PDS]] (NASA Planetary Data System, .img, .imq)
* [[PDS4]]
* [[PFM (Portable Float Map)]]
* [[PFS (Portable Floatmap Stream)]]
* [[PGC (Portfolio Graphics Compressed)]]
* [[PGF (Portfolio Graphics)]]
* [[PGF (Progressive Graphics File)]]
* [[PGX (JPEG 2000)]]
* [[Photo CD]] (.pcd)
* [[PhotoChrome]] (.pcs)
* [[PhotoDeluxe]] (.pdd)
* [[PhotoParade slideshow]] (.php, .4pp)
* [[Photoshop brush]] (.abr)
* [[Pi (image format)|Pi]]
* [[PIC (Yanagisawa)]]
* [[PIC2]]
* [[Picture Packer]]
* [[Picture Publisher]]
* [[Pixar picture]] (.pxr)
* [[Pixia]] (.pxa)
* [[Pixlr document]] (*.pxd)
* [[PLD (PhotoLine)]]
* [[PM (XV image)]]
* [[PNG]] (Portable Network Graphics)
* [[Pocket PC Bitmap]] (.2bp)
* [[Portable Arbitrary Map]] (PAM)
* [[Portable Bitmap Format]] (PBF)
* [[Poser Bump Map]] (.bum)
* [[PRF (Fastgraph)]]
* [[PRF (Polychrome Recursive Format)]]
* [[Printfox bitmap]]
* [[PrintMaster]]
* [[The Print Shop|Print Shop, The]]
* [[Prism Paint]] (.pnt)
* [[PSB]] (Adobe Photoshop, large format)
* [[PSD]] (Adobe Photoshop)
* [[PSF (PhotoStudio)]]
* [[Psion PIC]]
* [[PTG]] (ArtRage)
* [[Puzzle image (X11)]]
* [[PWC (Piecewise-Constant Image Model)]]
* [[PWG Raster]]
* [[PXM (Pixelmator)]]
* [[Q0]]
* [[QDV (Giffer)]]
* [[QRT Ray Tracer bitmap]]
* [[QTIF]] (QuickTime image file, .qif)
* [[Quantel VPB image]]
* [[Radiance HDR]] (RGBE, XYZE, .hdr, .pic)
* [[Raw bitmap]]
* [[RDIB]]
* [[RLA]] (Wavefront)
* [[SBIG CCDOPS image]]
* [[Scitex CT]]
* [[SCR (ZX Spectrum)]]
* [[ScreenShot Hack PDB]]
* [[Seattle FilmWorks]] (.sfw, .pwp)
* [[Secret Photos puzzle]] (.xp0)
* [[Segmented Hypergraphics]] (.shg, .mrb)
* [[SGI (image file format)|SGI]] (IRIS, RGB)
* [[SGX]] (SView Graphics, SuperView Graphics)
* [[Sinclair QL screen]]
* [[Sixel]]
* [[Slow-scan television]] (.hrz)
* [[Softimage PIC]]
* [[Spaceward Graphics]] / Satori (.r, .rir)
* [[Spectrum 512 Extended‎]] (.spx)
* [[Spectrum 512 formats]] (.spu, .spc, .sps)
* [[SPIF]]
* [[SPIFF]] (Still Picture Interchange File Format)
* [[Spooky Sprites]]
* [[STAD PAC]]
* [[Standard Archive Format]] (military missile data format that includes images among other data)
* [[STOS memory bank]] (.mbk)
* [[Structured Fax File]] (.sff)
* [[Sun Raster]] (.ras, .sun)
* [[Sun TAAC image]]
* [[Synu]] (Synthetic Universe)
* [[TAP (Tencent)]]
* [[TealPaint PDB]]
* [[Technicolor Dream]]
* [[TGA]] (Truevision Targa image)
* [[TIFF]] (Tagged Image File Format)
* [[TIFF/EP]]
* [[TIFF-FX]]
* [[TIFF/IT]]
* [[TIM (PlayStation graphics)]]
* [[Tiny Stuff]]
* [[TI picture file]]
* [[TLG (KiriKiri)|TLG]] (associated with [[KiriKiri Adventure Game System]])
* [[Unirast]] (Apple AirPrint)
* [[Utah RLE]]
* [[Valve Texture Format]] (.vtf)
* [[VBM (VDC BitMap)]]
* [[VEGX]]
* [[Verity Image]] (.vif)
* [[V.Flash PTX]]
* [[VICAR]]
* [[VIFF]] (Khoros Visualization, .xv)
* [[VIPS]] (.v)
* [[Vista data file]]
* [[VITec]]
* [[Vivid IMG]]
* [[VORT file]]
* [[WBMP]] (Wireless Bitmap)
* [[WebP]]
* [[Webshots picture]] (.wbz, .wb1, .wbd, .wbc, .wbp)
* [[WhyPic]] (.ypc)
* [[Wigmore Artist 64]]
* [[Windows DDB]]
* [[WinMiPS]]
* [[Winzle Puzzle]]
* [[WOBA]] (bitmap data extracted from a [[HyperCard stack]])
* [[Word for DOS screen capture]] (.scr)
* [[WPB (openCanvas)]]
* [[WSQ]]
* [[XBM]] (X BitMap)
* [[XCF]] (GIMP image)
* [[Xerox Doodle brush]]
* [[Xerox EDMICS-MMR]]
* [[Xerox EDMICS-RLC]]
* [[XGA (Falcon)]]
* [[XIFF]]
* [[Xim]]
* [[XLD4]] (.q4)
* [[XPM]] (X PixMap)
* [[XWD]] (X Window Dump)
* [[YBM]] (Bennet Yee's face format)
* [[Zeiss BIVAS]]
* [[Zoomify PFF]]
* [[Zoomify ZIF]]

== Raw camera formats ==
For raw image (digital negative) formats used by cameras (such as .3fr, .ari, .arw, .bay, .cap, .cr2, .crw, .eip, .dcr, .dcs, .drf, .dng, .eip, .erf, .fff, .iiq, .k25, .kdc, .mef, .mos, .mrw, .ndf, .nef, .nrw, .orf, .pef, .ptx, .pxn, .r3d, .raf, .raw, .rw2, .rwl, .rwz, .sr2, .srf, .srw, .x3f), see [[Cameras and Digital Image Sensors]].

== Software, utilities, libraries, and APIs for graphic manipulation ==

* [[IIIF]] (International Image Interoperability Framework)
* [[Image Alchemy]]
* [[ImageMagick]]
* [[Netpbm]]
* [[Photoshop]]
* [[RECOIL]] (formerly FAIL)
* [[XnView]]
* [http://imageconverter.rest7.com/ Rest7 Online Image Converter]

(See [[Graphic software]])

== System-specific graphic formats and modes ==

* [[Apple II graphics formats]]
* [[Amiga graphics formats]]
* [[Atari graphics formats]]
* [[Commodore graphics formats]]
* [[HR (TRS-80)]] (.hr)
* [[Windows clipboard]] (.clp)

== Vector Graphics Formats ==
''(Including most metafile formats. Vector formats often support embedded raster images, and other objects that aren't actually vectors.)''

* [[Acorn Draw]]
* [[Adobe Illustrator Artwork]] (.ai)
* [[Amiga Metafile]] (.amf)
* [[Applixware Graphics]]
* [[Arts & Letters clip art library]] (.yal)
* [[Autodesk Slide]]
* [[AutoSketch]] (.skd)
* [[Calamus Vector Graphic]] (.cvg)
* [[CGM]] (Computer Graphics Metafile)
* [[CorelDRAW]] (.cdr, .cdx, .cdt, .cmx)
* [[DataDiagrammingML]] (Microsoft XML-based format)
* [[Dia]]
* [[DrawingML]] (Microsoft embedded graphics in XML Office formats)
* [[DrawIt]]
* [[Encapsulated PostScript]] (.eps, .epsf, .epsi)
* [[Enhanced Metafile]] (.emf)
* [[ER Mapper Vector]] (.erv)
* [[Fig]] (Xfig format)
* [[FreeHand]] (Aldus/Adobe)
* [[GEM VDI Metafile]] (GEM Vector, VDI, .GDI)
* [[Gerber format]] (used in printed circuit design)
* [[Haiku Vector Icon Format]]
* [[Harvard Graphics]]
* [[Instant Artist GFX]] (.gfx) (also known as Print Artist)
* [[Lotus 1-2-3 Chart]] (.pic)
* [[MacDraw]] (later ClarisDraw)
* [[Micrografx Draw]]
* [[Microsoft Office Drawing]]
* [[MIX (PhotoDraw)]]
* [[MVG]]
* [[NAPLPS]] (North American Presentation Layer Protocol Syntax)
* [[OpenDocument Drawing]] (.odg)
* [[PICT]] (Macintosh graphics)
* [[Pixie (vector graphics)|Pixie]] (.pxi)
* [[PLOT-10]] (Tektronix)
* [[Precision Graphics Markup Language]] (PGML)
* [[Presentation Manager Metafile]] (MET)
* Satori Canvas (.cvs) - See [[Spaceward Graphics]]
* [[Scalable Vector Graphics]] (SVG)
* [[SDA (StarOffice)]]
* [[Shapefile]]
* [[Simple Vector Format]] (SVF)
* [[sK1]]
* [[Skencil SK]]
* [[SXD]]
* [[TIFF annotation data]]
* [[UNIX Plot Format]]
* [[Visio]] (.vsd, .vss, .vst)
* [[VML]] (Vector Markup Language)
* [[Windows Metafile]] (.wmf)
* [[WordPerfect Graphics]] (.wpg)
* [[Xar (vector graphics)|Xar]] (Flare)
For modeling formats (such as IGES, NFF, OFF, POV-Ray, PRT, QRT), see [[3D and CAD/CAM Models]].

See also [[Machine Embroidery]].

== Miscellaneous ==
''(Formats and topics that are clearly identified, but which don't fit into another category, or still need to be categorized)''

* [[ANSI escape code]]
* [[Apple Preferred]] (APF)
* [[BodyPaint 3D]] (Maxon: .b3d)
* [[Chyron]]
* [[DeltaVision]] (medical microscopy format)
* [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]
* [[Fax formats]]
* [[HDF]] (Hierarchical Data Format)
* [[IBM Audio Visual Connection (AVC) Still Video Image]]
* [[ImageLab/PrintTechnic]]
* [[KONTRON]] (embedded-systems company; apparently has graphic format of its own)
* [[Liberty IM]]
* [[PaperPort (MAX)]]
* [[Photoshop]]
* [[QDV (Random Dot Software)]]
* [[Windows Media Player Skin Package]] (.wmz)
* [https://github.com/hfiguiere/lrcat-extractor/blob/master/doc/lrcat_format.md Lightroom catalog format] (.lrcat)
* [https://github.com/hfiguiere/aplib-extractor/blob/master/docs/format.md Apple Aperture library format]

== Uncategorized or Unknown ==
''(Formats that may need to be more clearly identified and named, and moved to other categories)''

* [[BUF]]
* [[CAM]]
* [[CEL]]
* [[cicn]]
* [[cri]]
* [[csource]]
* [[.D]]
* [[Direct icns]]
* [[DL]]
* [[ElectronicImage]]
* [[IBL]]
* [[IBM PIC]]
* [[Icd5]]
* [[ISS]] (unidentified; XnView claims to support it)
* [[MHT]]
* [[MonkeyCard]]
* [[MonkeyLogo]]
* [[NCG]]
* [[Oncor]]
* [[PDES]]
* [[Ppat]]
* [[Scrap]]
* [[SHS]]
* [[SNX]]
* [[StartupScreen]] (Macintosh SCRN, .scrn?)
* [[STV]]
* [[System 7 clip]]
* [[TBC]]
* [[TCL]]
* [[TEX]] ''(Could be any of a number of TEXture formats.)''
* [[TN]]

==Links and Resources==
* [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]
* [http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/the-never-before-told-story-of-the-worlds-first-computer-art-its-a-sexy-dame/267439/ World's first computer art (1950s pinup image)]
* [http://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/05/star-trek-art-atoms-ibm Art created with atoms]
* [http://fabiensanglard.net/rayTracing_back_of_business_card/ Raytracer program code that fits on a business card]
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/xga.pro XGA: A New Graphics Standard]
* [http://www.jagregory.com/abrash-black-book/ Michael Abrash’s Graphics Programming Black Book, Special Edition]
* [http://www.squarespace.com/logo Squarespace logo designer tool] (Want a logo for a silly dot-com company you're starting? Create one here!)
* [http://freshome.com/2014/02/27/unconventional-pixel-furniture-adding-intrigue-modern-rooms/ Unconventional Pixel Furniture Adding Intrigue to Modern Rooms]
* [http://skeptools.wordpress.com/2014/03/03/viral-photos-debunked-animal-rights-google-tineye-image-search/ See how to debunk viral photos in seconds using image search]
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/03/12/gettys-free-image-embedding.html Getty's free image embedding comes at a price]
* [http://addyosmani.com/blog/image-optimization-tools/ Image optimization tools]
* [http://www.loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/stillimg.html Library of Congress Recommended Format Specifications: Still Image Works]
* [http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=2245 The Most Famous Image in the Early History of Computing]
* [http://ianmilligan.ca/2014/07/21/image-file-extensions-in-the-wide-web-scrape/ Image File Extensions in the Wide Web Scrape]
* [http://questionsomething.wordpress.com/2012/07/26/databending-using-audacity-effects/ Databending effects of editing images with a sound editor]
* [http://www.imagemagick.org/script/identify.php ImageMagick Identify Command-line Tool]
* [http://bertolami.com/index.php?engine=blog&content=posts&detail=perceptual-hashing Perceptual Hashing]
* [http://8bitartwork.co.uk/ Retrospecs: iOS app to convert images to imitate old 8-bit systems' graphics]
* [http://alvyray.com/Memos/CG/Microsoft/6_pixel.pdf A Pixel Is Not A Little Square]
* [http://literarymachin.es/deepzoom-osd-server/ Serve deepzoom images from a zip archive with openseadragon]
* [http://iipimage.sourceforge.net/2014/12/iiif IIIF – The International Image Interoperability Framework]
* [http://iiif.io/ IIIF official site]
* [https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:df650pk4327/2015ARCHIVING_IIIF.pdf The International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF): A community & technology approach for web-based images]
* [http://creativeshory.com/know-use-image-file-types-jpeg-gif-png/ Know When to Use Image File Types: JPEG, GIF & PNG]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27974945/can-we-programatically-compare-different-images-of-same-resolutions/27976171#27976171 Can we programatically compare different images of same resolutions?]
* [http://www.webdesigndev.com/freebies/best-color-palette-tools 20 Best Color Palette Tools for Web and Graphic Designers]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tfh0ytz8S0k How "oldschool" graphics worked, Part 1] · [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_rsycfDliZU Part 2] (videos)
* [http://ninedegreesbelow.com/photography/xyz-rgb.html Completely Painless Programmer's Guide to XYZ, RGB, ICC, xyY, and TRCs]
* [http://potrace.sourceforge.net/ Potrace: Transforming bitmaps into vector graphics]
* [http://cloudinary.com/blog/one_pixel_is_worth_three_thousand_words About a 1x1 image in many file formats]

Graphics

2017-10-21T05:55:33Z

PaulWise: couple of photo editing file formats

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Graphics
|image=Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, from C2RMF retouched.jpg
|caption=Mona Lisa
}}
__NOTOC__
[[Electronic_File_Formats|Electronic Formats]] concerned with Image Data.

''See also:''
* [[3D and CAD/CAM Models]]
* [[Cameras and Digital Image Sensors]]
* [[Fonts]]
* [[Geospatial]]
* [[Page description languages]]
* [[Video]]

== Adjustment data ==

* [[AAE sidecar format]] (Apple iOS 8 / OS X Yosemite)

== Animated image formats ==
See also [[Video]].

* [[NEOchrome Animation|ANI (NEOchrome)]]
* [[Windows Animated Cursor|ANI (Windows Animated Cursor)]]
* [[ANIM]]
* [[Animatic Film‎]] (.flm)
* [[ANSIMation]]
* [[APNG]]
* [[BAM]] (Infinity Engine)
* [[CFAST Disney Animation Studio]] (.cft)
* [[Cyber Paint Sequence]] (.seq)
* [[DeluxePaint Animation]] (ANM or Anim)
* [[DVM]] (DVM Movie/Magic Software DVM)
* [[EVA]]
* [[FLIC]] (FLI, FLC)
* [[GIF]]
* [[GIFV]]
* [[GFY]]
* [[GRASP GL]]
* [[IFF-DEEP]]
* [[Imagic Film/Picture]] (Atari ST frames used in animation)
* [[JPX]]
* [[MNG]]
* [[PGX (Portfolio)]]
* [[PICS]]
* [[QTL]] (YUV SECAM or PAL image)
* [[Spectrum 512 Anispec‎]]
* [[SWF]] (Flash)
* [[XNG]]

== Character-based graphics ==
See [[Character encoding]] for details of character sets, some of which include graphical or line-and-box-drawing characters.

* [[ANSI Art]] (.ans)
* [[AN2]]
* [[ArtWorx Data Format]] (.adf)
* [[ASCII Art]]
* [[AVATAR]] (FidoNet)
* [[BIN (Binary Text)]]
* [[BSAVE Image]]
* [[iCEDraw]] (.idf)
* [[PCBoard]] (.pcb)
* [[RIPscrip]] (or RIPscript)
* [[TheDraw Save File]] (.td)
* [[TUNDRA]] (.tnd)
* [[XBIN]] (.xb)

== Colors ==
(Profiles, color spaces, palettes, swatches)
* [[Adobe RGB (1998)]]
* [[Adobe Swatch Exchange]] (.ase)
* [[Atari ST color palette]]
* [[Commodore 64 color palette]]
* [[DNG camera profile]]
* [[GIMP Palette]]
* [[ICC profile]]
* [[Photoshop Curve]]
* [[Photoshop Transfer Function]]
* [[RIFF Palette File]]
* [[sRGB]]
* [[Web-safe colors]]
* [[YUV]]

== Comics creation ==
* [[Manga Studio]]

== Compression ==

Special-purpose compression algorithms and formats that may be used in multiple image file formats.

See also [[Compression]], for general-purpose algorithms.

* [[CCITT Group 3]]
* [[CCITT Group 4]]
* [[DCT compression]] (e.g. lossy [[JPEG]])
* [[JBIG]]
* [[JBIG2]]
* [[JPEG]]
* [[JPEG 2000 codestream]]
* [[JPEG-LS]]
* [[Lepton]]
* [[LOCO-I]] (Low Complexity Lossless Compression for Images)
* [[Mixed Raster Content]] (MRC, T.44)
* [[Modified Huffman]]
* [[Modified Modified READ]]
* [[Modified READ]]
* [[NeXT 2-bit RLE]]
* [[PackBits]]
* [[packJPG]] (.pjg)
* [[packPNM]] (.ppn)
* [[Rawzor]]
* [[Run-length colour encoding]] (T.45)
* [[Run-length encoding]]
* [[ThunderScan compression]]
* [[Wavelet compression]]

== Icon, Cursor, and Avatar files ==
(Formats often used for icons, cursors, avatars, thumbnails, etc.)

* [[Amiga Workbench icon]] (.info)
* [[AMOS Icon Bank]]
* [[Windows Animated Cursor|ANI (Windows Animated Cursor)]]
* [[Apple File and App Icons]]
* [[CUR]] (Microsoft Windows cursors)
** [[Windows 1.0 Cursor]]
* [[DEGAS Elite icon]] (.icn)
* [[EPOC AIF]]
* [[Favicon]]
* [[GEM resource file]] (.rsc)
* [[GlowIcons]]
* [[Haiku Vector Icon Format]]
* [[HP 100LX/200LX icon]] (.icn)
* [[ICDRAW icon]]
* [[ICNS]] (Apple/Macintosh Icon)
* [[ICO]] (Microsoft Windows icons)
** [[Windows 1.0 Icon]]
* [[Icon library]] (.icl)
* [[iThmb]] (iOS thumbnail images)
* [[Micrografx Icon]] (.icn)
* [[NeoDesk icon]] (.nic)
* [[NewIcons]]
* [[Nokia Group Graphic]] (.ngg)
* [[Nokia Logo Manager bitmap‎]] (.nlm)
* [[Nokia Operator Logo]] (.nol)
* [[Nokia Picture Message]] (.npm)
* [[Nokia Startup Logo]] (.nsl)
* [[OLPC 565]]
* [[OS/2 Icon]]
* [[OS/2 Pointer]] (.ptr)
* [[PaintShop Pro Browser Cache]] (pspbrwse.jbf)
* [[Photoshop Thumbnail Cache]]
* [[RIPscrip Icon]] (RIPterm Image, .icn)
* [[Sony Mavica 411]]
* [[Sun icon]]
* [[SuperJPG thumbnail cache]] (superjpg.tnc)
* [[Windows thumbnail cache]] (Thumbs.db)
* [[Xbox Live Avatar]]
* [[Xcursor]]
* [[X-Face]]
* [[XV thumbnail]]
* [[ZoomBrowser Ex thumbnail cache]] (ZbThumbnail.info)

== Metadata Formats ==

* [[Exif]]
* [[IPTC]] (or NAA)
* [[MakerNote]]
* [[MIX (metadata)|MIX]]
* [[Photoshop Image Resources]]
* [[SAUCE]]
* [[XMP]]

== Programming languages (graphic-specific) ==

* [[CEEMAC]]
* [[High Level Shading Language]] (HLSL) (uses byte array header files)
* [[OpenGL Shading Language]] (GLSL)
* [[Processing]]

== Raster Graphics Formats ==

* [[AAI]] (Dune image)
* [[Abekas YUV]] (.yuv) (Diskus and Quantel QNV varieties of YUV files are apparently similar)
* [[Ability Office PhotoPaint]] (.apx)
* [[Acorn Sprite]]
* [[ADRG]]
* [[AIPD]]
* [[Alias PIX]]
* [[Alpha Microsystems BMP]]
* [[Amber ARR Bitmap Image]]
* [[AMOS Picture Bank]]
* [[AMOS Sprite Bank]]
* [[Analyze AVW]]
* [[Aperio SVS]]
* [[Apple volume label image]]
* [[Applixware Bitmap]]
* [[ARF (Axon Raw Format)]]
* [[ART (AOL compressed image)]]
* [[ART (PFS: First Publisher)]]
* [[Async Professional Fax]] (.apf)
* [[AVS X image]]
* [[Award BIOS logo]]
* [[AWD (Artweaver)]]
* [[AWD (At Work Document)]]
* [[BCIF]]
* [[BEF]]
* [[BFLI]]
* [[BGI image]]
* [[BIF (Image Alchemy)]]
* [[BigTIFF]]
* [[BioRad confocal image]]
* [[BMP]] (Windows BMP and OS/2 BMP)
* [[Bob ray tracer bitmap]]
* [[BPG]]
* [[BRender PIX]]
* [[BSAVE Image]]
* [[BSB]] (BSB/KAP)
* [[CADRG]]
* [[Calamus Raster Graphic]] (.crg)
* [[CALS raster]]
* [[Canvas (Atari)‎]] (.cpt, .cnv)
* [[Cartesian Perceptual Compression]] (CPC)
* [[CD5]] (Chasys Draw)
* [[CgBI]]
* [[Cineon]]
* [[Cisco IP Phone image]]
* [[Cloé picture]]
* [[CMU Andrew Toolkit image]] (.cmu)
* [[CMU Window Manager bitmap]]
* [[COKE (Atari Falcon)]]
* [[ColoRIX]] (RIX)
* [[CompuServe RLE]]
* [[CompW]]
* [[Corel Photo-Paint image]] (.cpt)
* [[Crack Art]] (.ca1, .ca2, .ca3)
* [[CUPS Raster]]
* [[CUT (Amstrad)]]
* [[DCS]] (Desktop Color Separation)
* [[DCX]] (ZSoft IBM PC multi-page Paintbrush)
* [[DEGAS image]] (.pi1, .pi2, .pi3, .pc1, .pc2, .pc3)
* [[DESR VFF]]
* [[DGI (Digi-Pic)]]
* [[DICOM]] (.dcm)
* [[Diddle sketch]]
* [[DiddleBug sketch]]
* [[DirectDraw Surface]] (.dds)
* [[DjVu]]
* [[DNG]]
* [[Doodle (Atari)]] (.doo)
* [[Doodle! (C64)]] (.dd, .jj)
* [[Doré Raster]]
* [[DPX]] (SMTPE DPX)
* [[Dr. Halo]] (.cut)
* [[DVI]] (Intel DVI, Digital Video Interface, Intel Real-Time Video)
* [[ECW]] (Enhanced Compression Wavelet)
* [[EggPaint]] (.trp)
* [[Enhanced Simplex]] (.esm)
* [[EPOC MBM]] (Symbian Multibitmap)
* [[EPOC Sketch]]
* [[Epson Printer Bitmaps]]
* [[ERDAS Imagine IMG]]
* [[ERDAS LAN/GIS]]
* [[ER Mapper Raster]] (.ers)
* [[Extended DEGAS image]]
* [[FaceSaver]]
* [[Falcon True Color]] (.ftc)
* [[farbfeld]]
* [[FAXX]] (IFF-FAXX)
* [[FBM image]] (Fuzzy Bitmap)
* [[FFLI]]
* [[FIASCO]]
* [[FIF (Fractal Image Format)]]
* [[FlashPix]] (.fpx)
* [[Flexible Image Transport System]] (FITS)
* [[Flexible Line Interpretation]] (FLI)
* [[FLIF]]
* [[FRA (Fractint)]]
* [[Freedom of Press]]
* [[FSH (EA Sports)]]
* [[G9B]]
* [[GEM Raster]] (.img)
* [[geoPaint]]
* [[GeoTIFF]]
* [[GIF]] (Graphics Interchange Format)
* [[GIMP Animated Brush]] (.gih)
* [[GIMP Brush]] (.gbr)
* [[GIMP Pattern]] (.pat)
* [[GLE]]
* [[GoDot]] (.4bt)
* [[GodPaint]] (.god)
* [[Graph Saurus]]
* [[GrayPaint]]
* [[GRF (Amstrad)]]
* [[GRFX]]
* [[GRIB]] (Gridded Binary)
* [[GROB]]
* [[GX1]]
* [[GX2]]
* [[HEIF]]
* [[HIPS]]
* [[HMR]] (Bentley Systems bitmap file, connected in some way to GeoTIFF)
* [[HP Paintjet]]
* [[HS2 (POSTERING)|HS2]]
* [[HSI JPEG]]
* [[HSI Raw]]
* [[HTC splashscreen]] (also known as NB format)
* [[IBM KIPS bitmap]]
* [[ICR (NCSA Telnet)]]
* [[IFF-DEEP]]
* [[ILBM]] (IFF, LBM, HAM, ACBM, etc.)
* [[Image Cytometry Standard]] (.ics)
* [[Image Exchange Format]]
* [[Imagic Film/Picture]] (Atari ST)
* [[IMG/HDR]] (Analyze 7.5)
* [[Img Software Set]]
* [[ImgStar]]
* [[IndyPaint]] (.tru)
* [[Inset PIX]]
* [[InShape IIM]]
* [[Intergraph Raster]]
* [[Interleaf image]]
* [[IPI]]
* [[IPLab]] (Image Processing Lab)
* [[IRIS CMYK Front End Processor CT]]
* [[Island Graphics TIFF]]
* [[IWC (WaveL)]]
* [[J6I]] (Ricoh Digital Camera image file)
* [[JBIG]]
* [[JBIG2]]
* [[JEDMICS C4]]
* [[Jeff's Image Format]]
* [[JFIF]] (JPEG File Interchange Format)
* [[JNG]] (JPEG Network Graphics)
* [[Jovian Logic VI]]
* [[JP2]] (JPEG 2000 Part 1 Annex I)
* [[JPC (LuraWave)]]
* [[JPEG]] (JPEG Interchange Format, .jpg)
* [[JPEG 2000]]
* [[JPEG 2000 codestream]] (.j2k, .j2c, .jpc)
* [[JPEG-HDR]]
* [[JPEG-LS]]
* [[JPEG XR]] (HD Photo)
* [[JPEG XT]]
* [[JPM]] (JPEG 2000 Part 6: Compound Image Format)
* [[JPS]]
* [[JPX]] (JPEG 2000 Part 2: Extensions, .jpf)
* [[KIFF]]
* [[KiSS CEL]]
* [[KoalaPainter]] (.koa, .gg)
* [[Kolor Raw]] (.kro)
* [[Krita]] (.kra)
* [[KTX]]
* [[LazPaint]] (.lzp)
* [[LIFF]] (Openlab Layered Image File Format)
* [[Lightning Strike]] (.cod)
* [[Lossless JPEG (original)]]
* [[Lotus Manuscript graphics]] (.bit)
* [[LSM]] (Zeiss Light Speed Microscope)
* [[LSS16]]
* [[Lucasfilm picture]] (.lff)
* [[Lumena CEL]]
* [[Lumena PIX/BPX]]
* [[LuraDocument Format]] (.ldf)
* [[LuraWave]] (LWF)
* [[MacPaint]]
* [[Magick Persistent Cache]] (MPC)
* [[MAKIchan Graphics]] (.mag)
* [[Maya IFF]]
* [[MDA|MDA/MDP]] (MicroDesign Area/Page)
* [[MDI]] (Microsoft Office Document Imaging)
* [[MegaPaint BLD]]
* [[MetaMorph Stack]] (.stk)
* [[MGR bitmap]]
* [[Microsoft Image Composer]] (.mic)
* [[MIF (MSX)]]
* [[MIFF]] (Magick Image File Format)
* [[MIX (Picture It!)]]
* [[Mixed Raster Content]] (MRC, T.44)
* [[MRF (Monochrome Recursive Format)]]
* [[MrSID]]
* [[MSP (Microsoft Paint)]]
* [[MSX BASIC graphics]]
* [[MTV ray tracer bitmap]]
* [[Multi Palette Picture]] (MPP)
* [[Multi-Picture Format]] (MPO)
* [[NASA Raster Metafile]]
* [[National Imagery Transmission Format]] (NITFS, NITF, .ntf)
* [[NEOchrome]] (.neo)
* [[Nero CoverDesigner]] (.ncd, .nct)
* [[Netpbm formats]] (PBM, PGM, PPM, PNM)
* [[The Newsroom|Newsroom, The]]
* [[NIFF (Navy Image File Format)]]
* [[NIFF (xloadimage)]]
* [[NIST IHead]] (.pct)
* [[NV12]] (a YUV format)
* [[OpenEXR]] (.exr)
* [[OpenRaster]] (.ora)
* [[OS/2 Bitmap Array]]
* [[OS/2 bitmap family]]
* [[OS/2 Boot Logo]]
* [[OTA bitmap]] (Nokia Over The Air, .otb)
* [[Paint.NET image]] (.pdn)
* [[PaintShop Pro]] (.psp, .jsl, .pfr, .tub)
* [[Palette Master]]
* [[Palm bitmap]]
* [[Palm Database ImageViewer]] / FireViewer PDB (.pdb)
* [[PAX (Pick Ax)]]
* [[PCIF]] (.pcf)
* [[PCO B16]]
* [[PCPaint CLP]]
* [[PCPaint PIC]] (a.k.a. Pictor)
* [[PCX]] (PC Paintbrush)
* [[PDS]] (NASA Planetary Data System, .img, .imq)
* [[PDS4]]
* [[PFM (Portable Float Map)]]
* [[PFS (Portable Floatmap Stream)]]
* [[PGC (Portfolio Graphics Compressed)]]
* [[PGF (Portfolio Graphics)]]
* [[PGF (Progressive Graphics File)]]
* [[PGX (JPEG 2000)]]
* [[Photo CD]] (.pcd)
* [[PhotoChrome]] (.pcs)
* [[PhotoDeluxe]] (.pdd)
* [[PhotoParade slideshow]] (.php, .4pp)
* [[Photoshop brush]] (.abr)
* [[Pi (image format)|Pi]]
* [[PIC (Yanagisawa)]]
* [[PIC2]]
* [[Picture Packer]]
* [[Picture Publisher]]
* [[Pixar picture]] (.pxr)
* [[Pixia]] (.pxa)
* [[Pixlr document]] (*.pxd)
* [[PLD (PhotoLine)]]
* [[PM (XV image)]]
* [[PNG]] (Portable Network Graphics)
* [[Pocket PC Bitmap]] (.2bp)
* [[Portable Arbitrary Map]] (PAM)
* [[Portable Bitmap Format]] (PBF)
* [[Poser Bump Map]] (.bum)
* [[PRF (Fastgraph)]]
* [[PRF (Polychrome Recursive Format)]]
* [[Printfox bitmap]]
* [[PrintMaster]]
* [[The Print Shop|Print Shop, The]]
* [[Prism Paint]] (.pnt)
* [[PSB]] (Adobe Photoshop, large format)
* [[PSD]] (Adobe Photoshop)
* [[PSF (PhotoStudio)]]
* [[Psion PIC]]
* [[PTG]] (ArtRage)
* [[Puzzle image (X11)]]
* [[PWC (Piecewise-Constant Image Model)]]
* [[PWG Raster]]
* [[PXM (Pixelmator)]]
* [[Q0]]
* [[QDV (Giffer)]]
* [[QRT Ray Tracer bitmap]]
* [[QTIF]] (QuickTime image file, .qif)
* [[Quantel VPB image]]
* [[Radiance HDR]] (RGBE, XYZE, .hdr, .pic)
* [[Raw bitmap]]
* [[RDIB]]
* [[RLA]] (Wavefront)
* [[SBIG CCDOPS image]]
* [[Scitex CT]]
* [[SCR (ZX Spectrum)]]
* [[ScreenShot Hack PDB]]
* [[Seattle FilmWorks]] (.sfw, .pwp)
* [[Secret Photos puzzle]] (.xp0)
* [[Segmented Hypergraphics]] (.shg, .mrb)
* [[SGI (image file format)|SGI]] (IRIS, RGB)
* [[SGX]] (SView Graphics, SuperView Graphics)
* [[Sinclair QL screen]]
* [[Sixel]]
* [[Slow-scan television]] (.hrz)
* [[Softimage PIC]]
* [[Spaceward Graphics]] / Satori (.r, .rir)
* [[Spectrum 512 Extended‎]] (.spx)
* [[Spectrum 512 formats]] (.spu, .spc, .sps)
* [[SPIF]]
* [[SPIFF]] (Still Picture Interchange File Format)
* [[Spooky Sprites]]
* [[STAD PAC]]
* [[Standard Archive Format]] (military missile data format that includes images among other data)
* [[STOS memory bank]] (.mbk)
* [[Structured Fax File]] (.sff)
* [[Sun Raster]] (.ras, .sun)
* [[Sun TAAC image]]
* [[Synu]] (Synthetic Universe)
* [[TAP (Tencent)]]
* [[TealPaint PDB]]
* [[Technicolor Dream]]
* [[TGA]] (Truevision Targa image)
* [[TIFF]] (Tagged Image File Format)
* [[TIFF/EP]]
* [[TIFF-FX]]
* [[TIFF/IT]]
* [[TIM (PlayStation graphics)]]
* [[Tiny Stuff]]
* [[TI picture file]]
* [[TLG (KiriKiri)|TLG]] (associated with [[KiriKiri Adventure Game System]])
* [[Unirast]] (Apple AirPrint)
* [[Utah RLE]]
* [[Valve Texture Format]] (.vtf)
* [[VBM (VDC BitMap)]]
* [[VEGX]]
* [[Verity Image]] (.vif)
* [[V.Flash PTX]]
* [[VICAR]]
* [[VIFF]] (Khoros Visualization, .xv)
* [[VIPS]] (.v)
* [[Vista data file]]
* [[VITec]]
* [[Vivid IMG]]
* [[VORT file]]
* [[WBMP]] (Wireless Bitmap)
* [[WebP]]
* [[Webshots picture]] (.wbz, .wb1, .wbd, .wbc, .wbp)
* [[WhyPic]] (.ypc)
* [[Wigmore Artist 64]]
* [[Windows DDB]]
* [[WinMiPS]]
* [[Winzle Puzzle]]
* [[WOBA]] (bitmap data extracted from a [[HyperCard stack]])
* [[Word for DOS screen capture]] (.scr)
* [[WPB (openCanvas)]]
* [[WSQ]]
* [[XBM]] (X BitMap)
* [[XCF]] (GIMP image)
* [[Xerox Doodle brush]]
* [[Xerox EDMICS-MMR]]
* [[Xerox EDMICS-RLC]]
* [[XGA (Falcon)]]
* [[XIFF]]
* [[Xim]]
* [[XLD4]] (.q4)
* [[XPM]] (X PixMap)
* [[XWD]] (X Window Dump)
* [[YBM]] (Bennet Yee's face format)
* [[Zeiss BIVAS]]
* [[Zoomify PFF]]
* [[Zoomify ZIF]]

== Raw camera formats ==
For raw image (digital negative) formats used by cameras (such as .3fr, .ari, .arw, .bay, .cap, .cr2, .crw, .eip, .dcr, .dcs, .drf, .dng, .eip, .erf, .fff, .iiq, .k25, .kdc, .mef, .mos, .mrw, .ndf, .nef, .nrw, .orf, .pef, .ptx, .pxn, .r3d, .raf, .raw, .rw2, .rwl, .rwz, .sr2, .srf, .srw, .x3f), see [[Cameras and Digital Image Sensors]].

== Software, utilities, libraries, and APIs for graphic manipulation ==

* [[IIIF]] (International Image Interoperability Framework)
* [[Image Alchemy]]
* [[ImageMagick]]
* [[Netpbm]]
* [[Photoshop]]
* [[RECOIL]] (formerly FAIL)
* [[XnView]]
* [http://imageconverter.rest7.com/ Rest7 Online Image Converter]

(See [[Graphic software]])

== System-specific graphic formats and modes ==

* [[Apple II graphics formats]]
* [[Amiga graphics formats]]
* [[Atari graphics formats]]
* [[Commodore graphics formats]]
* [[HR (TRS-80)]] (.hr)
* [[Windows clipboard]] (.clp)

== Vector Graphics Formats ==
''(Including most metafile formats. Vector formats often support embedded raster images, and other objects that aren't actually vectors.)''

* [[Acorn Draw]]
* [[Adobe Illustrator Artwork]] (.ai)
* [[Amiga Metafile]] (.amf)
* [[Applixware Graphics]]
* [[Arts & Letters clip art library]] (.yal)
* [[Autodesk Slide]]
* [[AutoSketch]] (.skd)
* [[Calamus Vector Graphic]] (.cvg)
* [[CGM]] (Computer Graphics Metafile)
* [[CorelDRAW]] (.cdr, .cdx, .cdt, .cmx)
* [[DataDiagrammingML]] (Microsoft XML-based format)
* [[Dia]]
* [[DrawingML]] (Microsoft embedded graphics in XML Office formats)
* [[DrawIt]]
* [[Encapsulated PostScript]] (.eps, .epsf, .epsi)
* [[Enhanced Metafile]] (.emf)
* [[ER Mapper Vector]] (.erv)
* [[Fig]] (Xfig format)
* [[FreeHand]] (Aldus/Adobe)
* [[GEM VDI Metafile]] (GEM Vector, VDI, .GDI)
* [[Gerber format]] (used in printed circuit design)
* [[Haiku Vector Icon Format]]
* [[Harvard Graphics]]
* [[Instant Artist GFX]] (.gfx) (also known as Print Artist)
* [[Lotus 1-2-3 Chart]] (.pic)
* [[MacDraw]] (later ClarisDraw)
* [[Micrografx Draw]]
* [[Microsoft Office Drawing]]
* [[MIX (PhotoDraw)]]
* [[MVG]]
* [[NAPLPS]] (North American Presentation Layer Protocol Syntax)
* [[OpenDocument Drawing]] (.odg)
* [[PICT]] (Macintosh graphics)
* [[Pixie (vector graphics)|Pixie]] (.pxi)
* [[PLOT-10]] (Tektronix)
* [[Precision Graphics Markup Language]] (PGML)
* [[Presentation Manager Metafile]] (MET)
* Satori Canvas (.cvs) - See [[Spaceward Graphics]]
* [[Scalable Vector Graphics]] (SVG)
* [[SDA (StarOffice)]]
* [[Shapefile]]
* [[Simple Vector Format]] (SVF)
* [[sK1]]
* [[Skencil SK]]
* [[SXD]]
* [[TIFF annotation data]]
* [[UNIX Plot Format]]
* [[Visio]] (.vsd, .vss, .vst)
* [[VML]] (Vector Markup Language)
* [[Windows Metafile]] (.wmf)
* [[WordPerfect Graphics]] (.wpg)
* [[Xar (vector graphics)|Xar]] (Flare)
For modeling formats (such as IGES, NFF, OFF, POV-Ray, PRT, QRT), see [[3D and CAD/CAM Models]].

See also [[Machine Embroidery]].

== Miscellaneous ==
''(Formats and topics that are clearly identified, but which don't fit into another category, or still need to be categorized)''

* [[ANSI escape code]]
* [[Apple Preferred]] (APF)
* [[BodyPaint 3D]] (Maxon: .b3d)
* [[Chyron]]
* [[DeltaVision]] (medical microscopy format)
* [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]
* [[Fax formats]]
* [[HDF]] (Hierarchical Data Format)
* [[IBM Audio Visual Connection (AVC) Still Video Image]]
* [[ImageLab/PrintTechnic]]
* [[KONTRON]] (embedded-systems company; apparently has graphic format of its own)
* [[Liberty IM]]
* [[PaperPort (MAX)]]
* [[Photoshop]]
* [[QDV (Random Dot Software)]]
* [[Windows Media Player Skin Package]] (.wmz)
* [[https://github.com/hfiguiere/lrcat-extractor/blob/master/doc/lrcat_format.md|Lightroom catalog format]] (.lrcat)
* [[https://github.com/hfiguiere/aplib-extractor/blob/master/docs/format.md|Apple Aperture library format]]

== Uncategorized or Unknown ==
''(Formats that may need to be more clearly identified and named, and moved to other categories)''

* [[BUF]]
* [[CAM]]
* [[CEL]]
* [[cicn]]
* [[cri]]
* [[csource]]
* [[.D]]
* [[Direct icns]]
* [[DL]]
* [[ElectronicImage]]
* [[IBL]]
* [[IBM PIC]]
* [[Icd5]]
* [[ISS]] (unidentified; XnView claims to support it)
* [[MHT]]
* [[MonkeyCard]]
* [[MonkeyLogo]]
* [[NCG]]
* [[Oncor]]
* [[PDES]]
* [[Ppat]]
* [[Scrap]]
* [[SHS]]
* [[SNX]]
* [[StartupScreen]] (Macintosh SCRN, .scrn?)
* [[STV]]
* [[System 7 clip]]
* [[TBC]]
* [[TCL]]
* [[TEX]] ''(Could be any of a number of TEXture formats.)''
* [[TN]]

==Links and Resources==
* [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]
* [http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/the-never-before-told-story-of-the-worlds-first-computer-art-its-a-sexy-dame/267439/ World's first computer art (1950s pinup image)]
* [http://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/05/star-trek-art-atoms-ibm Art created with atoms]
* [http://fabiensanglard.net/rayTracing_back_of_business_card/ Raytracer program code that fits on a business card]
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/xga.pro XGA: A New Graphics Standard]
* [http://www.jagregory.com/abrash-black-book/ Michael Abrash’s Graphics Programming Black Book, Special Edition]
* [http://www.squarespace.com/logo Squarespace logo designer tool] (Want a logo for a silly dot-com company you're starting? Create one here!)
* [http://freshome.com/2014/02/27/unconventional-pixel-furniture-adding-intrigue-modern-rooms/ Unconventional Pixel Furniture Adding Intrigue to Modern Rooms]
* [http://skeptools.wordpress.com/2014/03/03/viral-photos-debunked-animal-rights-google-tineye-image-search/ See how to debunk viral photos in seconds using image search]
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/03/12/gettys-free-image-embedding.html Getty's free image embedding comes at a price]
* [http://addyosmani.com/blog/image-optimization-tools/ Image optimization tools]
* [http://www.loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/stillimg.html Library of Congress Recommended Format Specifications: Still Image Works]
* [http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=2245 The Most Famous Image in the Early History of Computing]
* [http://ianmilligan.ca/2014/07/21/image-file-extensions-in-the-wide-web-scrape/ Image File Extensions in the Wide Web Scrape]
* [http://questionsomething.wordpress.com/2012/07/26/databending-using-audacity-effects/ Databending effects of editing images with a sound editor]
* [http://www.imagemagick.org/script/identify.php ImageMagick Identify Command-line Tool]
* [http://bertolami.com/index.php?engine=blog&content=posts&detail=perceptual-hashing Perceptual Hashing]
* [http://8bitartwork.co.uk/ Retrospecs: iOS app to convert images to imitate old 8-bit systems' graphics]
* [http://alvyray.com/Memos/CG/Microsoft/6_pixel.pdf A Pixel Is Not A Little Square]
* [http://literarymachin.es/deepzoom-osd-server/ Serve deepzoom images from a zip archive with openseadragon]
* [http://iipimage.sourceforge.net/2014/12/iiif IIIF – The International Image Interoperability Framework]
* [http://iiif.io/ IIIF official site]
* [https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:df650pk4327/2015ARCHIVING_IIIF.pdf The International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF): A community & technology approach for web-based images]
* [http://creativeshory.com/know-use-image-file-types-jpeg-gif-png/ Know When to Use Image File Types: JPEG, GIF & PNG]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27974945/can-we-programatically-compare-different-images-of-same-resolutions/27976171#27976171 Can we programatically compare different images of same resolutions?]
* [http://www.webdesigndev.com/freebies/best-color-palette-tools 20 Best Color Palette Tools for Web and Graphic Designers]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tfh0ytz8S0k How "oldschool" graphics worked, Part 1] · [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_rsycfDliZU Part 2] (videos)
* [http://ninedegreesbelow.com/photography/xyz-rgb.html Completely Painless Programmer's Guide to XYZ, RGB, ICC, xyY, and TRCs]
* [http://potrace.sourceforge.net/ Potrace: Transforming bitmaps into vector graphics]
* [http://cloudinary.com/blog/one_pixel_is_worth_three_thousand_words About a 1x1 image in many file formats]

ZED

2017-09-21T06:54:47Z

PaulWise: zedie

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|extensions={{ext|zed}}
}}

.zed is a format that is conceptually similar to an encrypted [[ZIP|.zip]] file.

== Specifications ==

* [https://www.beuc.net/zed/ .zed archive file format] (reverse engineered spec by Sylvain Beucler)

== Software ==

*[http://www.dachary.org/loic/zed/zedie.py zedie]: .zed independent extractor (GPLv3+, Python)

[[Category:Encryption]]
[[Category:Compression]]

ZED

2017-09-11T08:17:01Z

PaulWise: .zed format placeholder

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|extensions={{ext|zed}}
}}

.zed is a format that is conceptually similar to an encrypted .zip file.

== Specifications ==

* [https://www.beuc.net/zed/ .zed archive file format] (reverse engineered spec by Sylvain Beucler)

[[Category:Encryption]]
[[Category:Compression]]

File command

2017-01-30T13:28:56Z

PaulWise: use the new path system for manpages.debian.org

{|
|[[Software]]
| >
|[[File identification software]]
| >
|[[File command]]
|}

The <code>file</code> command has been a part of Unix distributions for many years.

The [https://manpages.debian.org/man1/file Debian manpage] gives an overview of its functionality

The program source includes a database of heuristics for determining file types, which includes a variety of 'magic numbers' which characterise files. This database is not portable, but is potentially adaptable.

== Links ==
* [http://www.darwinsys.com/file/ File Command web site]
* [ftp://ftp.astron.com/pub/file/ Source code]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/ports/sysutils/file/ FreeBSD port tree] (referring to the porting of the original distribution into FreeBSD)

[[Category:File Format Identification]]

File identification software

2017-01-30T13:27:15Z

PaulWise: use the new path system for manpages.debian.org

{|
|[[Software]]
| >
|[[File identification software]]
|}

Software that automates the process of [[Identifying Files]].

* [[Apache Tika]] (cross-platform, open source, [http://tika.apache.org/ website]): "The Apache Tika™ toolkit detects and extracts metadata and structured text content from various documents using existing parser libraries." Written in [[Java]].
* [[DROID]] (cross-platform, open source, [http://digital-preservation.github.com/droid/ website]): ''"DROID is a software tool developed by The National Archives [of the United Kingdom] to perform automated batch identification of file formats."'' Requires [[Java]] 7 or 8 (Version 6.1.5).
* [[FIDO]] (cross-platform, open source) [http://www.openplanetsfoundation.org/software/fido website]: Format Identification for Digital Objects, written in [[Python]].
* [[FIDOO]] (web-based online file identification): [http://www.techmaurice.com/fidoo/ website]
* [[File command]] (various implementations): a standard Unix command, found on almost all Unix and Unix-like (i.e., Linux) systems. See the [https://manpages.debian.org/man1/file Debian man page] for an overview, and [http://openpreservation.org/blog/2012/08/09/magic-editing-and-creation-primer/ this] guide to creating "magic" entries for it.
* [[File Information Tool Set]]: software from the Harvard University library to identify file formats and extract metadata
*[[FI Tools]] (Windows, commercial, [http://www.forensicinnovations.com/fitools.html website])
* [[G-Spot]] (Windows, freeware, [http://www.headbands.com/gspot/ website]): Identifies [[audio]] and [[video]] codecs need to play a media file.
* [[JHOVE]] (tool to classify/identify/validate file formats)
* [[Konvertor]] (tool to display and convert between 4000+ different formats, freeware [http://www.logipole.com website])
* [[MediaInfo]] (cross-platform, open source, [http://mediainfo.sourceforge.net/en website]): "MediaInfo is a convenient unified display of the most relevant technical and tag data for video and audio files."
* [[PHP PRONOM drip]]: Recognize file formats using PRONOM registry (open source, [http://www.phpclasses.org/package/9095-PHP-Recognize-file-formats-using-PRONOM-registry.html website])
* [[Siegfried]] (signature-based file identification tool): [http://www.itforarchivists.com/siegfried website] · [http://www.openplanetsfoundation.org/blogs/2014-09-27-siegfried-pronom-based-file-format-identification-tool blog post] · PRONOM:{{PRONOM|fmt/883}}
* [[TrID]] (Windows/Linux, free for non-commercial use, [http://mark0.net/soft-trid-e.html website]): identifies files using a database of filetype signatures. Also has an [http://mark0.net/onlinetrid.aspx online version].

== References ==
* http://www.forensicswiki.org/wiki/File_Format_Identification

[[Category:Software]]
[[Category:File Format Identification]]

ACE

2017-01-24T02:08:13Z

PaulWise: make Debian link always work

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Archiving
|extensions={{ext|ace}}
}}

'''ACE''' is the proprietary file format used by the compression software WinACE.
* [http://www.winace.com/ WinACE website]
* [http://www.winace.com/dev/unacedll.exe Free unace.dll (supports ACE archives >2.0)]
* [http://packages.debian.org/stable/unace GPL unace (supports ACE archives >1.2)]
* [[Konvertor]]

Haiku Vector Icon Format

2016-09-04T03:06:18Z

PaulWise: intial page for HVIF

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Graphics
|subsubcat=Vector
}}
'''HVIF''' is a vector based Haiku icon format.

== See also ==

== Software ==
* [https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/en/applications/icon-o-matic.html Icon-O-Matic]

== Sample files ==

== References ==

* [https://www.haiku-os.org/news/2006-11-06/icon_facts Icon Facts]
* [https://www.haiku-os.org/articles/2009-09-14_why_haiku_vector_icons_are_so_small Why Haiku Vector Icons are So Small]
* [http://blog.leahhanson.us/post/recursecenter2016/haiku_icons.html 500 Byte Images: The Haiku Vector Icon Format]

[[Category:Haiku]]

Graphics

2016-09-04T02:58:19Z

PaulWise: Haiku Vector Icon Format

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|thiscat=Graphics
|image=Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, from C2RMF retouched.jpg
|caption=Mona Lisa
}}
__NOTOC__
[[Electronic_File_Formats|Electronic Formats]] concerned with Image Data.

''See also:''
* [[3D and CAD/CAM Models]]
* [[Cameras and Digital Image Sensors]]
* [[Fonts]]
* [[Geospatial]]
* [[Page description languages]]
* [[Video]]

== Adjustment data ==

* [[AAE sidecar format]] (Apple iOS 8 / OS X Yosemite)

== Animated image formats ==
See also [[Video]].

* [[NEOchrome Animation|ANI (NEOchrome)]]
* [[Windows Animated Cursor|ANI (Windows Animated Cursor)]]
* [[ANIM]]
* [[Animatic Film‎]] (.flm)
* [[ANSIMation]]
* [[APNG]]
* [[BAM]] (Infinity Engine)
* [[Cyber Paint Sequence]] (.seq)
* [[DeluxePaint Animation]] (ANM or Anim)
* [[DVM]] (DVM Movie/Magic Software DVM)
* [[EVA]]
* [[FLIC]] (FLI, FLC)
* [[GIF]]
* [[GIFV]]
* [[GFY]]
* [[GRASP GL]]
* [[IFF-DEEP]]
* [[Imagic Film/Picture]] (Atari ST frames used in animation)
* [[JPX]]
* [[MNG]]
* [[PGX (Portfolio)]]
* [[PICS]]
* [[Spectrum 512 Anispec‎]]
* [[SWF]] (Flash)
* [[XNG]]

== Character-based graphics ==
See [[Character encoding]] for details of character sets, some of which include graphical or line-and-box-drawing characters.

* [[ANSI Art]] (.ans)
* [[AN2]]
* [[ArtWorx Data Format]] (.adf)
* [[ASCII Art]]
* [[AVATAR]] (FidoNet)
* [[BIN (Binary Text)]]
* [[BSAVE Image]]
* [[iCEDraw]] (.idf)
* [[NAPLPS]] (North American Presentation Layer Protocol Syntax)
* [[PCBoard]] (.pcb)
* [[RIPscrip]] (or RIPscript)
* [[TheDraw Save File]] (.td)
* [[TUNDRA]] (.tnd)
* [[XBIN]] (.xb)

== Colors ==
(Profiles, color spaces, palettes, swatches)
* [[Adobe RGB (1998)]]
* [[Adobe Swatch Exchange]] (.ase)
* [[Atari ST color palette]]
* [[Commodore 64 color palette]]
* [[DNG camera profile]]
* [[GIMP Palette]]
* [[ICC profile]]
* [[Photoshop Curve]]
* [[sRGB]]

== Comics creation ==
* [[Manga Studio]]

== Compression ==

Special-purpose compression algorithms and formats that may be used in multiple image file formats.

See also [[Compression]], for general-purpose algorithms.

* [[CCITT Group 3]]
* [[CCITT Group 4]]
* [[DCT compression]] (e.g. lossy [[JPEG]])
* [[JBIG]]
* [[JBIG2]]
* [[JPEG]]
* [[JPEG 2000 codestream]]
* [[JPEG-LS]]
* [[Lepton]]
* [[LOCO-I]] (Low Complexity Lossless Compression for Images)
* [[Mixed Raster Content]] (MRC, T.44)
* [[Modified Huffman]]
* [[Modified Modified READ]]
* [[Modified READ]]
* [[NeXT 2-bit RLE]]
* [[PackBits]]
* [[packJPG]] (.pjg)
* [[packPNM]] (.ppn)
* [[Rawzor]]
* [[Run-length colour encoding]] (T.45)
* [[Run-length encoding]]
* [[ThunderScan compression]]
* [[Wavelet compression]]

== Icon, Cursor, and Avatar files ==
(Formats often used for icons, cursors, avatars, thumbnails, etc.)

* [[Amiga Workbench icon]] (.info)
* [[AMOS Icon Bank]]
* [[Windows Animated Cursor|ANI (Windows Animated Cursor)]]
* [[Apple File and App Icons]]
* [[CUR]] (Microsoft Windows cursors)
* [[DEGAS Elite icon]] (.icn)
* [[EPOC AIF]]
* [[Favicon]]
* [[GEM resource file]] (.rsc)
* [[GlowIcons]]
* [[Haiku Vector Icon Format]]
* [[HP 100LX/200LX icon]] (.icn)
* [[ICDRAW icon]]
* [[ICNS]] (Apple/Macintosh Icon)
* [[ICO]] (Microsoft Windows icons)
* [[Icon library]] (.icl)
* [[iThmb]] (iOS thumbnail images)
* [[Micrografx Icon]] (.icn)
* [[NeoDesk icon]] (.nic)
* [[NewIcons]]
* [[Nokia Group Graphic]] (.ngg)
* [[Nokia Logo Manager bitmap‎]] (.nlm)
* [[Nokia Operator Logo]] (.nol)
* [[Nokia Picture Message]] (.npm)
* [[Nokia Startup Logo]] (.nsl)
* [[OLPC 565]]
* [[OS/2 Icon]]
* [[OS/2 Pointer]] (.ptr)
* [[PaintShop Pro Browser Cache]] (pspbrwse.jbf)
* [[RIPscrip Icon]] (RIPterm Image, .icn)
* [[Sony Mavica 411]]
* [[Sun icon]]
* [[SuperJPG thumbnail cache]] (superjpg.tnc)
* [[Windows thumbnail cache]] (Thumbs.db)
* [[Xbox Live Avatar]]
* [[Xcursor]]
* [[X-Face]]
* [[XV thumbnail]]
* [[ZoomBrowser Ex thumbnail cache]] (ZbThumbnail.info)

== Metadata Formats ==

* [[Exif]]
* [[IPTC]] (or NAA)
* [[MakerNote]]
* [[MIX]]
* [[Photoshop Image Resources]]
* [[SAUCE]]
* [[XMP]]

== Programming languages (graphic-specific) ==

* [[CEEMAC]]
* [[High Level Shading Language]] (HLSL) (uses byte array header files)
* [[OpenGL Shading Language]] (GLSL)
* [[Processing]]

== Raster Graphics Formats ==

* [[AAI]] (Dune image)
* [[Abekas YUV]] (.yuv) (Diskus and Quantel QNV varieties of YUV files are apparently similar)
* [[Ability Office PhotoPaint]] (.apx)
* [[Acorn Sprite]]
* [[ADRG]]
* [[AIPD]]
* [[Alias PIX]]
* [[Alpha Microsystems BMP]]
* [[Amber ARR Bitmap Image]]
* [[AMOS Picture Bank]]
* [[AMOS Sprite Bank]]
* [[Analyze AVW]]
* [[Aperio SVS]]
* [[Apple volume label image]]
* [[ARF (Axon Raw Format)]]
* [[ART (AOL compressed image)]]
* [[ART (PFS: First Publisher)]]
* [[Async Professional Fax]] (.apf)
* [[AVS X image]]
* [[Award BIOS logo]]
* [[AWD (Artweaver)]]
* [[AWD (At Work Document)]]
* [[BCIF]]
* [[BFLI]]
* [[BGI image]]
* [[BIF (Image Alchemy)]]
* [[BigTIFF]]
* [[BioRad confocal image]]
* [[BMP]] (Windows BMP and OS/2 BMP)
* [[Bob ray tracer bitmap]]
* [[BPG]]
* [[BRender PIX]]
* [[BSAVE Image]]
* [[BSB]] (BSB/KAP)
* [[CADRG]]
* [[Calamus Raster Graphic]] (.crg)
* [[CALS raster]]
* [[Canvas (Atari)‎]] (.cpt, .cnv)
* [[Cartesian Perceptual Compression]] (CPC)
* [[CD5]] (Chasys Draw)
* [[CgBI]]
* [[Cineon]]
* [[Cisco IP Phone image]]
* [[Cloé picture]]
* [[CMU Andrew Toolkit image]] (.cmu)
* [[CMU Window Manager bitmap]]
* [[ColoRIX]] (RIX)
* [[CompuServe RLE]]
* [[CompW]]
* [[Corel Photo-Paint image]] (.cpt)
* [[Crack Art]] (.ca1, .ca2, .ca3)
* [[CUPS Raster]]
* [[CUT (Amstrad)]]
* [[DCS]] (Desktop Color Separation)
* [[DCX]] (ZSoft IBM PC multi-page Paintbrush)
* [[DEGAS image]] (.pi1, .pi2, .pi3, .pc1, .pc2, .pc3)
* [[DGI (Digi-Pic)]]
* [[DICOM]] (.dcm)
* [[Diddle sketch]]
* [[DiddleBug sketch]]
* [[DirectDraw Surface]] (.dds)
* [[DjVu]]
* [[DNG]]
* [[Doodle (Atari)]] (.doo)
* [[Doodle! (C64)]] (.dd, .jj)
* [[Doré Raster]]
* [[DPX]] (SMTPE DPX)
* [[Dr. Halo]] (.cut)
* [[DVI]] (Intel DVI, Digital Video Interface, Intel Real-Time Video)
* [[ECW]] (Enhanced Compression Wavelet)
* [[EggPaint]] (.trp)
* [[Enhanced Simplex]] (.esm)
* [[EPOC MBM]] (Symbian Multibitmap)
* [[EPOC Sketch]]
* [[Epson Printer Bitmaps]]
* [[ERDAS Imagine IMG]]
* [[ERDAS LAN/GIS]]
* [[ER Mapper Raster]] (.ers)
* [[Extended DEGAS image]]
* [[FaceSaver]]
* [[Falcon True Color]] (.ftc)
* [[farbfeld]]
* [[FAXX]]
* [[FBM image]] (Fuzzy Bitmap)
* [[FFLI]]
* [[FIASCO]]
* [[FIF (Fractal Image Format)]]
* [[FlashPix]] (.fpx)
* [[Flexible Image Transport System]] (FITS)
* [[Flexible Line Interpretation]] (FLI)
* [[FLIF]]
* [[FRA (Fractint)]]
* [[Freedom of Press]]
* [[FSH (EA Sports)]]
* [[G9B]]
* [[GEM Raster]] (.img)
* [[geoPaint]]
* [[GeoTIFF]]
* [[GIF]] (Graphics Interchange Format)
* [[GIMP Animated Brush]] (.gih)
* [[GIMP Brush]] (.gbr)
* [[GIMP Pattern]] (.pat)
* [[GLE]]
* [[GoDot]] (.4bt)
* [[GodPaint]] (.god)
* [[Graph Saurus]]
* [[GrayPaint]]
* [[GRF (Amstrad)]]
* [[GRFX]]
* [[GRIB]] (Gridded Binary)
* [[GROB]]
* [[GX1]]
* [[GX2]]
* [[HIPS]]
* [[HMR]] (Bentley Systems bitmap file, connected in some way to GeoTIFF)
* [[HP Paintjet]]
* [[HSI JPEG]]
* [[HSI Raw]]
* [[HTC splashscreen]] (also known as NB format)
* [[IBM KIPS bitmap]]
* [[ICR (NCSA Telnet)]]
* [[IFF-DEEP]]
* [[ILBM]] (IFF, LBM, HAM, ACBM, etc.)
* [[Image Cytometry Standard]] (.ics)
* [[Image Exchange Format]]
* [[Imagic Film/Picture]] (Atari ST)
* [[IMG/HDR]] (Analyze 7.5)
* [[Img Software Set]]
* [[ImgStar]]
* [[IndyPaint]] (.tru)
* [[Inset PIX]]
* [[InShape IIM]]
* [[Intergraph Raster]]
* [[Interleaf image]]
* [[IPI]]
* [[IPLab]] (Image Processing Lab)
* [[IRIS CMYK Front End Processor CT]]
* [[Island Graphics TIFF]]
* [[IWC (WaveL)]]
* [[J6I]] (Ricoh Digital Camera image file)
* [[JBIG]]
* [[JBIG2]]
* [[JEDMICS C4]]
* [[Jeff's Image Format]]
* [[JFIF]] (JPEG File Interchange Format)
* [[JNG]] (JPEG Network Graphics)
* [[Jovian Logic VI]]
* [[JP2]] (JPEG 2000 Part 1 Annex I)
* [[JPC (LuraWave)]]
* [[JPEG]] (JPEG Interchange Format, .jpg)
* [[JPEG 2000]]
* [[JPEG 2000 codestream]] (.j2k, .j2c, .jpc)
* [[JPEG-HDR]]
* [[JPEG-LS]]
* [[JPEG XR]] (HD Photo)
* [[JPEG XT]]
* [[JPM]] (JPEG 2000 Part 6: Compound Image Format)
* [[JPS]]
* [[JPX]] (JPEG 2000 Part 2: Extensions, .jpf)
* [[KIFF]]
* [[KiSS CEL]]
* [[KoalaPainter]] (.koa, .gg)
* [[Kolor Raw]] (.kro)
* [[Krita]] (.kra)
* [[KTX]]
* [[LazPaint]] (.lzp)
* [[LIFF]] (Openlab Layered Image File Format)
* [[Lightning Strike]] (.cod)
* [[Lossless JPEG (original)]]
* [[Lotus Manuscript graphics]] (.bit)
* [[LSM]] (Zeiss Light Speed Microscope)
* [[LSS16]]
* [[Lucasfilm picture]] (.lff)
* [[LuraDocument Format]] (.ldf)
* [[LuraWave]] (LWF)
* [[MacPaint]]
* [[Magick Persistent Cache]] (MPC)
* [[MAKIchan Graphics]] (.mag)
* [[Maya IFF]]
* [[MDA|MDA/MDP]] (MicroDesign Area/Page)
* [[MDI]] (Microsoft Office Document Imaging)
* [[MegaPaint BLD]]
* [[MetaMorph Stack]] (.stk)
* [[MGR bitmap]]
* [[Microsoft Image Composer]] (.mic)
* [[MIF (MSX)]]
* [[MIFF]] (Magick Image File Format)
* [[MIX (Picture It!)]]
* [[Mixed Raster Content]] (MRC, T.44)
* [[MRF (Monochrome Recursive Format)]]
* [[MrSID]]
* [[MSP (Microsoft Paint)]]
* [[MSX BASIC graphics]]
* [[MTV ray tracer bitmap]]
* [[Multi Palette Picture]] (MPP)
* [[Multi-Picture Format]] (MPO)
* [[NASA Raster Metafile]]
* [[National Imagery Transmission Format]] (NITFS, NITF, .ntf)
* [[NEOchrome]] (.neo)
* [[Nero CoverDesigner]] (.ncd, .nct)
* [[Netpbm formats]] (PBM, PGM, PPM, PNM)
* [[The Newsroom|Newsroom, The]]
* [[NIFF (Navy Image File Format)]]
* [[NIFF (xloadimage)]]
* [[NIST IHead]] (.pct)
* [[NV12]] (a YUV format)
* [[OpenEXR]] (.exr)
* [[OpenRaster]] (.ora)
* [[OS/2 Bitmap Array]]
* [[OS/2 bitmap family]]
* [[OTA bitmap]] (Nokia Over The Air, .otb)
* [[Paint.NET image]] (.pdn)
* [[PaintShop Pro]] (.psp, .jsl, .pfr, .tub)
* [[Palette Master]]
* [[Palm bitmap]]
* [[Palm Database ImageViewer]] / FireViewer PDB (.pdb)
* [[PAX (Pick Ax)]]
* [[PCIF]] (.pcf)
* [[PCO B16]]
* [[PCPaint CLP]]
* [[PCPaint PIC]] (a.k.a. Pictor)
* [[PCX]] (PC Paintbrush)
* [[PDS]] (NASA Planetary Data System, .img, .imq)
* [[PDS4]]
* [[PFM (Portable Float Map)]]
* [[PFS (Portable Floatmap Stream)]]
* [[PGC (Portfolio Graphics Compressed)]]
* [[PGF (Portfolio Graphics)]]
* [[PGF (Progressive Graphics File)]]
* [[PGX (JPEG 2000)]]
* [[Photo CD]] (.pcd)
* [[PhotoChrome]] (.pcs)
* [[PhotoParade slideshow]] (.php, .4pp)
* [[Photoshop brush]] (.abr)
* [[Pi (image format)|Pi]]
* [[PIC (Yanagisawa)]]
* [[PIC2]]
* [[Picture Packer]]
* [[Pixar picture]] (.pxr)
* [[Pixia]] (.pxa)
* [[PLD (PhotoLine)]]
* [[PM (XV image)]]
* [[PNG]] (Portable Network Graphics)
* [[Pocket PC Bitmap]] (.2bp)
* [[Poser Bump Map]] (.bum)
* [[Portable Arbitrary Map]] (PAM)
* [[Portable Bitmap Format]] (PBF)
* [[PRF (Polychrome Recursive Format)]]
* [[Printfox bitmap]]
* [[PrintMaster]]
* [[The Print Shop|Print Shop, The]]
* [[Prism Paint]] (.pnt)
* [[PSB]] (Adobe Photoshop, large format)
* [[PSD]] (Adobe Photoshop)
* [[PSF (PhotoStudio)]]
* [[Psion PIC]]
* [[PTG]] (ArtRage)
* [[Puzzle image (X11)]]
* [[PWC (Piecewise-Constant Image Model)]]
* [[PWG Raster]]
* [[Q0]]
* [[QDV (Giffer)]]
* [[QRT Ray Tracer bitmap]]
* [[QTIF]] (QuickTime image file, .qif)
* [[Quantel VPB image]]
* [[Radiance HDR]] (RGBE, XYZE, .hdr, .pic)
* [[Raw bitmap]]
* [[RDIB]]
* [[RLA]] (Wavefront)
* [[SBIG CCDOPS image]]
* [[Scitex CT]]
* [[SCR (ZX Spectrum)]]
* [[ScreenShot Hack PDB]]
* [[Seattle FilmWorks]] (.sfw, .pwp)
* [[Secret Photos puzzle]] (.xp0)
* [[Segmented Hypergraphics]] (.shg, .mrb)
* [[SGI (image file format)|SGI]] (IRIS, RGB)
* [[SGX]] (SView Graphics, SuperView Graphics)
* [[Sinclair QL screen]]
* [[Sixel]]
* [[Slow-scan television]] (.hrz)
* [[Softimage PIC]]
* [[Spectrum 512 Extended‎]] (.spx)
* [[Spectrum 512 formats]] (.spu, .spc, .sps)
* [[SPIFF]] (Still Picture Interchange File Format)
* [[Spooky Sprites]]
* [[STAD PAC]]
* [[STOS memory bank]] (.mbk)
* [[Structured Fax File]] (.sff)
* [[Sun Raster]] (.ras, .sun)
* [[Sun TAAC image]]
* [[Synu]] (Synthetic Universe)
* [[TAP (Tencent)]]
* [[TealPaint PDB]]
* [[Technicolor Dream]]
* [[TGA]] (Truevision Targa image)
* [[TIFF]] (Tagged Image File Format)
* [[TIFF/EP]]
* [[TIFF-FX]]
* [[TIFF/IT]]
* [[TIM (PlayStation graphics)]]
* [[Tiny Stuff]]
* [[TI picture file]]
* [[TLG (KiriKiri)|TLG]] (associated with [[KiriKiri Adventure Game System]])
* [[Unirast]] (Apple AirPrint)
* [[Utah RLE]]
* [[Valve Texture Format]] (.vtf)
* [[VBM (VDC BitMap)]]
* [[VEGX]]
* [[Verity Image]] (.vif)
* [[V.Flash PTX]]
* [[VICAR]]
* [[VIFF]] (Khoros Visualization, .xv)
* [[VIPS]] (.v)
* [[Vista data file]]
* [[VITec]]
* [[Vivid IMG]]
* [[VORT file]]
* [[WBMP]] (Wireless Bitmap)
* [[WebP]]
* [[Webshots picture]] (.wbz, .wb1, .wbd, .wbc, .wbp)
* [[WhyPic]] (.ypc)
* [[Wigmore Artist 64]]
* [[Windows DDB]]
* [[WinMiPS]]
* [[Winzle Puzzle]]
* [[WOBA]] (bitmap data extracted from a [[HyperCard stack]])
* [[Word for DOS screen capture]] (.scr)
* [[WordPerfect Graphics]] (.wpg)
* [[WPB (openCanvas)]]
* [[WSQ]]
* [[XBM]] (X BitMap)
* [[XCF]] (GIMP image)
* [[Xerox Doodle brush]]
* [[Xerox EDMICS-MMR]]
* [[Xerox EDMICS-RLC]]
* [[XGA (Falcon)]]
* [[XIFF]]
* [[Xim]]
* [[XPM]] (X PixMap)
* [[XWD]] (X Window Dump)
* [[YBM]] (Bennet Yee's face format)
* [[Zeiss BIVAS]]

== Raw camera formats ==
For raw image (digital negative) formats used by cameras (such as .3fr, .ari, .arw, .bay, .cap, .cr2, .crw, .eip, .dcr, .dcs, .drf, .dng, .eip, .erf, .fff, .iiq, .k25, .kdc, .mef, .mos, .mrw, .ndf, .nef, .nrw, .orf, .pef, .ptx, .pxn, .r3d, .raf, .raw, .rw2, .rwl, .rwz, .sr2, .srf, .srw, .x3f), see [[Cameras and Digital Image Sensors]].

== Software, utilities, libraries, and APIs for graphic manipulation ==

* [[IIIF]] (International Image Interoperability Framework)
* [[Image Alchemy]]
* [[ImageMagick]]
* [[Netpbm]]
* [[Photoshop]]
* [[RECOIL]] (formerly FAIL)
* [[XnView]]
* [http://imageconverter.rest7.com/ Rest7 Online Image Converter]

(See [[Graphic software]])

== System-specific graphic formats and modes ==

* [[Apple II graphics formats]]
* [[Atari graphics formats]]
* [[Commodore graphics formats]]
* [[HR (TRS-80)]] (.hr)
* [[Windows clipboard]] (.clp)

== Vector Graphics Formats ==
''(Including most metafile formats. Vector formats often support embedded raster images, and other objects that aren't actually vectors.)''

* [[Acorn Draw]]
* [[Adobe Illustrator Artwork]] (.ai)
* [[Arts & Letters clip art library]] (.yal)
* [[Autodesk Slide]]
* [[Calamus Vector Graphic]] (.cvg)
* [[CGM]] (Computer Graphics Metafile)
* [[CorelDRAW]] (.cdr, .cdx, .cdt, .cmx)
* [[DataDiagrammingML]] (Microsoft XML-based format)
* [[Dia]]
* [[DrawingML]] (Microsoft embedded graphics in XML Office formats)
* [[DrawIt]]
* [[Encapsulated PostScript]] (.eps, .epsf, .epsi)
* [[ER Mapper Vector]] (.erv)
* [[Fig]] (Xfig format)
* [[FreeHand]] (Aldus/Adobe)
* [[GEM VDI Metafile]] (GEM Vector, VDI, .GDI)
* [[Gerber format]] (used in printed circuit design)
* [[Haiku Vector Icon Format]]
* [[Harvard Graphics]]
* [[Lotus 1-2-3 Chart]] (.pic)
* [[MacDraw]] (later ClarisDraw)
* [[Microsoft Office Drawing]]
* [[MIX (PhotoDraw)]]
* [[MVG]]
* [[NAPLPS]]
* [[OpenDocument Drawing]] (.odg)
* [[PICT]] (Macintosh graphics)
* [[Pixie (vector graphics)|Pixie]] (.pxi)
* [[PLOT-10]] (Tektronix)
* [[Presentation Manager Metafile]] (MET)
* [[Scalable Vector Graphics]] (SVG)
* [[SDA (StarOffice)]]
* [[Shapefile]]
* [[Simple Vector Format]] (SVF)
* [[sK1]]
* [[Skencil SK]]
* [[SXD]]
* [[TIFF annotation data]]
* [[UNIX Plot Format]]
* [[Visio]] (.vsd, .vss, .vst)
* [[VML]] (Vector Markup Language)
* [[Windows Metafile]] (.wmf, .emf)
* [[WordPerfect Graphics]] (.wpg)
* [[Xar (vector graphics)|Xar]] (Flare)
For modeling formats (such as IGES, NFF, OFF, POV-Ray, PRT, QRT), see [[3D and CAD/CAM Models]].

See also [[Machine Embroidery]].

== Miscellaneous ==
''(Formats and topics that are clearly identified, but which don't fit into another category, or still need to be categorized)''

* [[ANSI escape code]]
* [[Apple Preferred]] (APF)
* [[BodyPaint 3D]] (Maxon: .b3d)
* [[Chyron]]
* [[DeltaVision]] (medical microscopy format)
* [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]
* [[Fax formats]]
* [[HDF]] (Hierarchical Data Format)
* [[IBM Audio Visual Connection (AVC) Still Video Image]]
* [[ImageLab/PrintTechnic]]
* [[KONTRON]] (embedded-systems company; apparently has graphic format of its own)
* [[Liberty IM]]
* [[PaperPort (MAX)]]
* [[Photoshop]]
* [[QDV]] (Random Dot Software Graphic)
* [[Windows Media Player Skin Package]] (.wmz)

== Uncategorized ==
''(Formats that may need to be more clearly identified and named, and moved to other categories)''

* [[BUF]]
* [[CAM]]
* [[CEL]]
* [[cicn]]
* [[cri]]
* [[csource]]
* [[DESR VFF]]
* [[Direct icns]]
* [[DL]]
* [[ElectronicImage]]
* [[GFX]] (Instant Artist, Print Artist, WarCraft II Image)
* [[IBL]]
* [[IBM PIC]]
* [[Icd5]]
* [[IM]] (Chryon Liberty Paint)
* [[ISS]] (unidentified; XnView claims to support it)
* [[MHT]]
* [[MonkeyCard]]
* [[MonkeyLogo]]
* [[Oncor]]
* [[PDES]]
* [[Ppat]]
* [[QTL]] (YUV SECAM or PAL image)
* [[RDC]] (Rollei)
* [[SAF]] (Standard Archive Format, AMSC Archive Format)
* [[Scrap]]
* [[SHS]]
* [[SNX]]
* [[StartupScreen]] (Macintosh SCRN, .scrn?)
* [[STV]]
* [[System 7 clip]]
* [[TBC]]
* [[TCL]]
* [[TN]]

== Unknown ==
''(Formats that are difficult or impossible to identify, and which may be deleted from this page)''

* [[.D]]
* [[NCG]]
* [[Palette]]
* [[TEX]] ''(Could be any of a number of TEXture formats.)''

==Links and Resources==
* [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats]]
* [http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/the-never-before-told-story-of-the-worlds-first-computer-art-its-a-sexy-dame/267439/ World's first computer art (1950s pinup image)]
* [http://www.wired.com/underwire/2013/05/star-trek-art-atoms-ibm Art created with atoms]
* [http://fabiensanglard.net/rayTracing_back_of_business_card/ Raytracer program code that fits on a business card]
* [http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/xga.pro XGA: A New Graphics Standard]
* [http://www.jagregory.com/abrash-black-book/ Michael Abrash’s Graphics Programming Black Book, Special Edition]
* [http://www.squarespace.com/logo Squarespace logo designer tool] (Want a logo for a silly dot-com company you're starting? Create one here!)
* [http://freshome.com/2014/02/27/unconventional-pixel-furniture-adding-intrigue-modern-rooms/ Unconventional Pixel Furniture Adding Intrigue to Modern Rooms]
* [http://skeptools.wordpress.com/2014/03/03/viral-photos-debunked-animal-rights-google-tineye-image-search/ See how to debunk viral photos in seconds using image search]
* [http://boingboing.net/2014/03/12/gettys-free-image-embedding.html Getty's free image embedding comes at a price]
* [http://addyosmani.com/blog/image-optimization-tools/ Image optimization tools]
* [http://www.loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/stillimg.html Library of Congress Recommended Format Specifications: Still Image Works]
* [http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=2245 The Most Famous Image in the Early History of Computing]
* [http://ianmilligan.ca/2014/07/21/image-file-extensions-in-the-wide-web-scrape/ Image File Extensions in the Wide Web Scrape]
* [http://questionsomething.wordpress.com/2012/07/26/databending-using-audacity-effects/ Databending effects of editing images with a sound editor]
* [http://www.imagemagick.org/script/identify.php ImageMagick Identify Command-line Tool]
* [http://bertolami.com/index.php?engine=blog&content=posts&detail=perceptual-hashing Perceptual Hashing]
* [http://8bitartwork.co.uk/ Retrospecs: iOS app to convert images to imitate old 8-bit systems' graphics]
* [http://alvyray.com/Memos/CG/Microsoft/6_pixel.pdf A Pixel Is Not A Little Square]
* [http://literarymachin.es/deepzoom-osd-server/ Serve deepzoom images from a zip archive with openseadragon]
* [http://iipimage.sourceforge.net/2014/12/iiif IIIF – The International Image Interoperability Framework]
* [http://iiif.io/ IIIF official site]
* [https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:df650pk4327/2015ARCHIVING_IIIF.pdf The International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF): A community & technology approach for web-based images]
* [http://creativeshory.com/know-use-image-file-types-jpeg-gif-png/ Know When to Use Image File Types: JPEG, GIF & PNG]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27974945/can-we-programatically-compare-different-images-of-same-resolutions/27976171#27976171 Can we programatically compare different images of same resolutions?]
* [http://www.webdesigndev.com/freebies/best-color-palette-tools 20 Best Color Palette Tools for Web and Graphic Designers]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tfh0ytz8S0k How "oldschool" graphics worked, Part 1] · [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_rsycfDliZU Part 2] (videos)
* [http://ninedegreesbelow.com/photography/xyz-rgb.html Completely Painless Programmer's Guide to XYZ, RGB, ICC, xyY, and TRCs]
* [http://potrace.sourceforge.net/ Potrace: Transforming bitmaps into vector graphics]
* [http://cloudinary.com/blog/one_pixel_is_worth_three_thousand_words About a 1x1 image in many file formats]

Paint.NET image

2015-05-16T08:08:31Z

PaulWise: lazpaint can open these http://alanhorkan.livejournal.com/61645.html

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Graphics
|extensions={{ext|pdn}}
}}
'''Paint.NET image''' (or '''PDN''') is the native graphics file format of the Paint.NET image editor for Microsoft Windows.

== Identification ==
Files begin with a signature: the ASCII characters "<code>PDN3</code>".

== Software ==
* [http://www.getpaint.net/ Paint.NET official site] (which, confusingly enough, isn't actually at '''paint.net''' itself, which belongs to an actual paint company!)
* [http://wiki.freepascal.org/LazPaint Lazpaint]

== Links ==
* [[Wikipedia:Paint.NET|Wikipedia: Paint.NET]]

GME

2015-04-16T02:49:39Z

PaulWise: GME format

https://github.com/entropia/tip-toi-reveng/blob/master/GME-Format.md

OpenXPS

2015-02-07T04:44:21Z

PaulWise: add a link to libgxps

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Page description languages
|extensions={{ext|oxps}}, {{ext|xps}}
|mimetypes={{mimetype|application/oxps}}, {{mimetype|application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/657}}
|released=2006
}}
'''OpenXPS''' ('''Open XML Paper Specification''') is a page description language and document format. It was originally developed by Microsoft and named '''XPS'''.

It is based on [[XAML]], which is based on [[XML]]. It uses [[ZIP]] as a container format.

== Specifications ==
* [http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-388.htm ECMA-388]

== Sample files ==
* [http://www.dan.info/sampledata/msword/testing.xps Sample file saved from Windows Word 2007]

== Software ==
* [https://wiki.gnome.org/action/show/Projects/libgxps libgxps] - GNOME library for reading OpenXPS files

== Links ==
* [[Wikipedia:Open XML Paper Specification|Wikipedia article]]

[[Category:Document]]
[[Category:Microsoft]]
[[Category:ZIP based file formats]]
[[Category:XML based file formats]]

Sources

2014-12-30T01:29:02Z

PaulWise: iPhone related formats

__NOTOC__
If you're looking for places to pull either file format information, or to verify stuff you've found, or to go that extra mile to track down variations, here's some similar endeavors and items.

==List of Places Keeping Track of Formats==

* [http://www.forensicswiki.org/wiki/Category:File_Formats Forensics Wiki]
* http://archivematica.org/preservation
* http://www.fileformat.info/
* http://www.ace.net.nz/tech/TechFileFormat.html
* http://wotsit.org/ - their download page is broken. need to ping webmaster about that.
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats_%28alphabetical%29
** Also [[wikipedia:Template:Infobox file format]] ([http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3AWhatLinksHere&limit=500&target=Template%3AInfobox+file+format&namespace=0 pages using this template])
* http://unarchiver.c3.cx/formats
* [[Sources/PRONOM|The PRONOM format registry]].
* http://wiki.multimedia.cx/
* http://archive.org/download/file-format-encyclopedia/fileformat.zip/
* http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/descriptions.shtml
* http://www.udfr.org/, see also http://gdfr.info/.
* http://gitorious.org/re-lab Tools & specs from re-lab- graphics formats, and office formats
* http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/documents/AudioFormats/index.html - Documentation, details, specs, and samples for a handful of audio formats
* http://wiki.xentax.com/index.php/Game_File_Format_Central This wiki is the home of the most game (archive) file format knowledge in the world.
* http://rewiki.regengedanken.de has some more game related reverse engineering
* http://mark0.net/soft-trid-e.html Home to TrID, which can identify a vast number of file formats using an updateable database
* http://mark0.net/soft-trid-deflist.html Online searchable version of the TrID database file
* http://file-extension.net/seeker/ Metasearch engine for file extensions - Find info about unknown file extensions or filetypes
* http://www.vgmpf.com/Wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page - the Videogame Music Preservation Foundation Wiki has information on a number of formats used to play back videogame music
* http://hackipedia.org/File%20formats/ - loads of info on various formats here
* http://wiki.mobileread.com/wiki/E-book_formats - detailed information on eBook formats.
* http://mediapedia.nla.gov.au/ - "The Mediapedia resource is intended to enable the identification of various physical media carrier types for assisting with collection planning, assessment, documentation, infrastructure and preservation planning for the content they hold. These could include media across various genres such as cine, video, photo, audio, data, paper carriers, microfilm, etc."
* http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/TR/Formats - Small list of formats with detailed descriptions of some known access/preservation problems.
* [http://registry.dcc.ac.uk:8080/RegistryWeb/Registry/ CASPAR/DCC Representation Information Repository]
* [http://theswo.sourceforge.net/ The Software Ontology]
* [http://keep-totem.co.uk/ KEEP Totem] also covers software, hardware etc.
* [http://cultureandcommunication.org/deadmedia/index.php/Main_Page Dead Media Archives]
* [http://www.fid3.com/file-formats The >4000 formats known to FI Tools], [http://www.fid3.com/formats-ext1 by extension], [http://www.fid3.com/formats-mime by MIME type]
* [http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/2.7/Lib/mimetypes.py#l402 Python sourcecode for mimetypes module]
* /etc/mimetypes on *nix systems defines a number of file formats and [[mimetypes]]
* http://www.iasa-web.org/tc04/key-digital-principles - Recommended Audio formats by Audiovisual Archives and Institutions
* http://www.gpsbabel.org/capabilities.html - List of formats used by GPS devices
* http://www.microsoft.com/openspecifications/en/us/programs/osp/office-file-formats/default.aspx Microsoft's Open Document Specifications
* http://mamedev.org/source/src/lib/formats/index.html http://mamedev.org/source/src/mess/formats/index.html - format handlers for disk images, cassette images, and memory snapshots/quickloads in the MESS source code
* http://minidisc.org alot of minidisc related info
* http://cool.conservation-us.org/ Conservation Online
* http://filext.com/ File Extensions with Mime types
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats_(alphabetical) Wikipedia list of file formats (alphabetical)
* http://ist.uwaterloo.ca/~schepers/formats.html The C64 file formats list
* http://3dbrew.org/wiki/Category:File_formats Nintendo 3DS file formats
* http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/index.html IANA MIME Media Types - lots of useful info here and often quite detailed as well
* http://gitorious.org/msoscheme msoscheme is a project that creates a machine readable description of the binary file formats of Microsoft Office
* http://www.schnarff.com/file-formats/ File Formats documentation collection
* http://the-fr.org/ The Format Registry
* http://www.freebase.com/computer/file_format?instances= Freebase instances in category "File Format"
* https://bitbucket.org/haypo/hachoir/src/default/hachoir-parser/hachoir_parser/ Hachoir file format parsers
* https://bitbucket.org/haypo/hachoir/wiki/FileFormatResources Hachoir list of file format resources
* https://theiphonewiki.com/wiki/Category:File_Formats iPhone related file formats

==Emulation==

* http://nonmess.retrogames.com/ - Emulator listing for various computer formats, including MESS and single-machine emulators.
* [http://emuframework.sourceforge.net/ The Emulation Framework] is software developed by the international KEEP project, co-funded by the European Union's 7th Framework Programme.

==Books==

* [http://www.amazon.com/Compressed-Image-File-Formats-JPEG/dp/0201604434/ Compressed Image File Formats: JPEG, PNG, GIF, XBM, BMP] by John Miano (1999)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Encyclopedia-Graphics-File-Formats-Reference/dp/1565921615/ Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats] by James D. Murray and William VanRyper (1994, 1996) '''Copy Acquired!''' Refer to the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats|main article]].
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-David-Kay/dp/0070340250/ Graphics File Formats] by David C. Kay and John R. Levine (1994)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-Reference-Guide/dp/0133034054/ Graphics File Formats: Reference and Guide] by C. Wayne Brown, Barry J. Shepherd (1994)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Formats-Popular-Personal-Computer-Software/dp/0471836710/ File Formats for Popular Personal Computer Software: A Programmer's Reference (Self-teaching Guides)] by Jeff Walden (1986) '''Copy Acquired!'''
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Internet-Guide-Users/dp/0871114410 File Formats on the Internet: A Guide for PC Users] by Allison B. Zhang (1996) '''Copy Acquired!'''
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-Programmers-Reference/dp/0201488353/ 3D Graphics File Formats: A Programmer's Reference] by Keith Rule (1996)
* [http://www.amazon.com/More-File-Formats-Popular-Software/dp/0471850772/ More File Formats for Popular PC Software: A Programmer's Reference] by Jeff Walden (1987) '''Copy Acquired!'''
* [http://www.amazon.com/Lotus-File-Formats-1-2-3-Symphony/dp/0201168243/ Lotus File Formats for 1-2-3 Symphony & Jazz: File Structure Descriptions for Developers] from Lotus, Inc. (1986)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Inside-Windows-File-Formats-Swan/dp/0672303388/ Inside Windows File Formats] by Tom Swan (Nov 1993)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Internet-File-Formats-Complete-Receiving/dp/188357756X/ Internet File Formats: Your Complete Resource for Sending, Receiving, and Using Internet Files] by Tim Kientzle (Oct 15, 1995)
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Popular-PC-Software/dp/0471528064/ File Formats for Popular PC Software] by Jeff Walden (Nov 1992)
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Conversions-Book-Developers/dp/155755059X/ PC File Formats and Conversions/Book and Disk (Developers Series)] by Ralf Kussmann (Mar 1990)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Windows-Undocumented-Formats-Working-Inside/dp/0879304375/ Windows Undocumented File Formats; Working Inside 16- and 32- bit Windows] by Pete Davis (Jan 23, 1997)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-Complete-Reference/dp/0070375321/ Graphics File Formats: The Complete Reference] by John R. Levine and David C. Kay (May 1992)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Using-Pcx-Graphics-Files-Programmers/dp/0879304324/ Using Pcx Graphics Files: The Programmer's Definitive Guide to Pcx File Formats] by Roger T. Stevens (Apr 1, 1996)
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Handbook-Gunter-Born/dp/1850321175/ The File Formats Handbook] by Gunter Born (Sep 1995)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Window-System-Formats-Application-Conventions/dp/1872630154/ X Window System File Formats and Application Conventions (X11R4)] by The Open Group (Jul 17, 1991)
* [http://www.iasa-web.org/audio-preservation-tc04 Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Audio Objects] by IASA (2009)

==Other Useful Materials and Services==

* http://www.nsrl.nist.gov/ National Software Reference Library (see also http://blogs.loc.gov/digitalpreservation/2012/05/life-saving-the-national-software-reference-library/)
* http://www.openplanetsfoundation.org/software/fido Format Identification for Digital Objects
* https://github.com/usnationalarchives/File-Analyzer File Analyzer
* http://sk1project.org/modules.php?name=products&product=uniconvertor UniConvertor is a universal vector graphics translator. It is a command line tool which uses sK1 object model to convert one format to another
* http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/
* http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/SPR/Digital+Preservation+Tools Wiki list of digital preservation tool lists
* http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/REQ/Digital+Preservation+and+Data+Curation+Requirements+and+Solutions Digital Preservation and Data Curation Requirements and Solutions. Not classified by formats, but by datasets, issues and solutions.
* http://fileformats.wordpress.com/ - The File Formats Blog
* http://www.archive.org/details/cdbbsarchive - The Internet Archive has over 1,500 CD-ROMs loaded with shareware, and with that comes converters, documentation and other vital works related to file formats.
* [http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/SPR/Crowd+sourced+Representation+Information+for+Supporting+Preservation+(cRIsp) Crowd sourced Representation Information for Supporting Preservation (cRIsp)]
* [http://www.nsrl.nist.gov/ National Software Reference Library]
* [http://mediatypes.appspot.com/ Linked Data URIs for MIME Types]
* http://darwinsys.com/file/ UNIX file(1) format guessing utility
* http://www.filesignatures.net/ Online database of file signatures (magic numbers)
* http://www.garykessler.net/library/file_sigs.html List of file signatures (magic numbers)
* [http://paulbourke.net/dataformats/ Data Formats from Paul Bourke] Useful information on older formats. Categories include Geometric (e.g., 3-D), Audio, and Image.
* [http://www.martinreddy.net/gfx/ Graphics File Formats page from Martin Reddy] Useful information on older formats. Categories are: 2-D and 3-D, with supplementary resources.
* [http://samples.multimedia.cx/ LibAV Sample Files collection, over 50GB]
* http://www.corel.com/content/pdf/wpx4/corel-wordperfect-office-X4-reviewers-guide.pdf Corel WordPerfect Office Reviewers Guide, Appendix A gives useful overview of old Office formats + their typical file extensions.
* http://documentation.statsoft.com/STATISTICAHelp.aspx?path=common/CommonMenus/CompatibleDocumentTypes Some info on formats of / compatible with Statsoft Statistica
* http://web-beta.archive.org/web/20100210224635/http://medlem.spray.se/converters Loads of DOS / Windows conversion programs - this appears to be the most recent grab held by the Internet Archive
* http://code.google.com/p/ksfl/ Project to read/write various container formats
* http://www.kreativekorp.com/swdownload/wildfire/HC%20FILE%20FORMAT%202010.TXT Description of the [[HyperCard stack]] file format
* [http://mediaarchaeologylab.com/ Media Archeology Lab]
* [https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_dec Bitsavers document library of DEC manuals]
* [http://www.documentliberation.org/ Document Liberation Project]
* [http://qanda.digipres.org/80/unusual-sources-of-file-format-signatures Unusual sources of file format signatures]
* [http://www.deadmedia.org/ The Dead Media Project]
* [http://archives.govt.nz/advice/guidance-and-standards/guidance-subject/digital-recordkeeping/advice-file-formats-creation-di Advice on File Formats for the Creation of Digital Records] (Archives New Zealand)
* [http://www.avpreserve.com/papers-and-presentations/an-introduction-to-using-the-command-line-interface-to-work-with-files-and-directories/ An introduction to using the command line interface to work with files and directories]
* [http://www.digipres.org/ DigiPres Commons Community-owned digital preservation resources]
* [http://www.digipres.org/tools/ POWRR Tool Grid]

User:PaulWise

2014-12-29T23:49:02Z

PaulWise: initial page

Work on file formats:

* did a bunch of reverse engineering of the CHM format
* am part of upstream for some FLOSS decompiler software

Homepage: http://bonedaddy.net/pabs3/

HLP (WinHelp)

2014-12-22T04:34:25Z

PaulWise: add software section, move See also to the end

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Help files
|extensions={{ext|hlp}}
}}

== Description ==

WinHelp is a help file format based on [[RTF]] created by Microsoft that exists in several versions and was used in Windows 3.0 up to Windows 95 and NT. Starting with Windows Vista, the format can not be opened without additional software downloads. The format was abandoned to encourage use of the newer [[CHM]] (compiled HTML) help format.

== Software ==

* [https://sourceforge.net/projects/helpdeco/ helpdeco]: decompiler for WinHelp files

== Resources ==

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinHelp Wikipedia article]
* [http://www.help-info.de/en/home.htm Resource page for Windows help formats]
* [http://www.help-info.de/en/Help_Info_WinHelp/hw.htm Subpage on the site linked above with a list of links to software and information about the WinHelp format]

== See also ==

* [[CHM]]

Sources

2014-12-05T09:00:43Z

PaulWise: better hachoir links

__NOTOC__
If you're looking for places to pull either file format information, or to verify stuff you've found, or to go that extra mile to track down variations, here's some similar endeavors and items.

==List of Places Keeping Track of Formats==

* [http://www.forensicswiki.org/wiki/Category:File_Formats Forensics Wiki]
* http://archivematica.org/preservation
* http://www.fileformat.info/
* http://www.ace.net.nz/tech/TechFileFormat.html
* http://wotsit.org/ - their download page is broken. need to ping webmaster about that.
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats_%28alphabetical%29
** Also [[wikipedia:Template:Infobox file format]] ([http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3AWhatLinksHere&limit=500&target=Template%3AInfobox+file+format&namespace=0 pages using this template])
* http://unarchiver.c3.cx/formats
* [[Sources/PRONOM|The PRONOM format registry]].
* http://wiki.multimedia.cx/
* http://archive.org/download/file-format-encyclopedia/fileformat.zip/
* http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/descriptions.shtml
* http://www.udfr.org/, see also http://gdfr.info/.
* http://gitorious.org/re-lab Tools & specs from re-lab- graphics formats, and office formats
* http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/documents/AudioFormats/index.html - Documentation, details, specs, and samples for a handful of audio formats
* http://wiki.xentax.com/index.php/Game_File_Format_Central This wiki is the home of the most game (archive) file format knowledge in the world.
* http://rewiki.regengedanken.de has some more game related reverse engineering
* http://mark0.net/soft-trid-e.html Home to TrID, which can identify a vast number of file formats using an updateable database
* http://mark0.net/soft-trid-deflist.html Online searchable version of the TrID database file
* http://file-extension.net/seeker/ Metasearch engine for file extensions - Find info about unknown file extensions or filetypes
* http://www.vgmpf.com/Wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page - the Videogame Music Preservation Foundation Wiki has information on a number of formats used to play back videogame music
* http://hackipedia.org/File%20formats/ - loads of info on various formats here
* http://wiki.mobileread.com/wiki/E-book_formats - detailed information on eBook formats.
* http://mediapedia.nla.gov.au/ - "The Mediapedia resource is intended to enable the identification of various physical media carrier types for assisting with collection planning, assessment, documentation, infrastructure and preservation planning for the content they hold. These could include media across various genres such as cine, video, photo, audio, data, paper carriers, microfilm, etc."
* http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/TR/Formats - Small list of formats with detailed descriptions of some known access/preservation problems.
* [http://registry.dcc.ac.uk:8080/RegistryWeb/Registry/ CASPAR/DCC Representation Information Repository]
* [http://theswo.sourceforge.net/ The Software Ontology]
* [http://keep-totem.co.uk/ KEEP Totem] also covers software, hardware etc.
* [http://cultureandcommunication.org/deadmedia/index.php/Main_Page Dead Media Archives]
* [http://www.fid3.com/file-formats The >4000 formats known to FI Tools], [http://www.fid3.com/formats-ext1 by extension], [http://www.fid3.com/formats-mime by MIME type]
* [http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/2.7/Lib/mimetypes.py#l402 Python sourcecode for mimetypes module]
* /etc/mimetypes on *nix systems defines a number of file formats and [[mimetypes]]
* http://www.iasa-web.org/tc04/key-digital-principles - Recommended Audio formats by Audiovisual Archives and Institutions
* http://www.gpsbabel.org/capabilities.html - List of formats used by GPS devices
* http://www.microsoft.com/openspecifications/en/us/programs/osp/office-file-formats/default.aspx Microsoft's Open Document Specifications
* http://mamedev.org/source/src/lib/formats/index.html http://mamedev.org/source/src/mess/formats/index.html - format handlers for disk images, cassette images, and memory snapshots/quickloads in the MESS source code
* http://minidisc.org alot of minidisc related info
* http://cool.conservation-us.org/ Conservation Online
* http://filext.com/ File Extensions with Mime types
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats_(alphabetical) Wikipedia list of file formats (alphabetical)
* http://ist.uwaterloo.ca/~schepers/formats.html The C64 file formats list
* http://3dbrew.org/wiki/Category:File_formats Nintendo 3DS file formats
* http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/index.html IANA MIME Media Types - lots of useful info here and often quite detailed as well
* http://gitorious.org/msoscheme msoscheme is a project that creates a machine readable description of the binary file formats of Microsoft Office
* http://www.schnarff.com/file-formats/ File Formats documentation collection
* http://the-fr.org/ The Format Registry
* http://www.freebase.com/computer/file_format?instances= Freebase instances in category "File Format"
* https://bitbucket.org/haypo/hachoir/src/default/hachoir-parser/hachoir_parser/ Hachoir file format parsers
* https://bitbucket.org/haypo/hachoir/wiki/FileFormatResources Hachoir list of file format resources

==Emulation==

* http://nonmess.retrogames.com/ - Emulator listing for various computer formats, including MESS and single-machine emulators.
* [http://emuframework.sourceforge.net/ The Emulation Framework] is software developed by the international KEEP project, co-funded by the European Union's 7th Framework Programme.

==Books==

* [http://www.amazon.com/Compressed-Image-File-Formats-JPEG/dp/0201604434/ Compressed Image File Formats: JPEG, PNG, GIF, XBM, BMP] by John Miano (1999)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Encyclopedia-Graphics-File-Formats-Reference/dp/1565921615/ Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats] by James D. Murray and William VanRyper (1994, 1996) '''Copy Acquired!''' Refer to the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats|main article]].
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-David-Kay/dp/0070340250/ Graphics File Formats] by David C. Kay and John R. Levine (1994)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-Reference-Guide/dp/0133034054/ Graphics File Formats: Reference and Guide] by C. Wayne Brown, Barry J. Shepherd (1994)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Formats-Popular-Personal-Computer-Software/dp/0471836710/ File Formats for Popular Personal Computer Software: A Programmer's Reference (Self-teaching Guides)] by Jeff Walden (1986) '''Copy Acquired!'''
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Internet-Guide-Users/dp/0871114410 File Formats on the Internet: A Guide for PC Users] by Allison B. Zhang (1996) '''Copy Acquired!'''
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-Programmers-Reference/dp/0201488353/ 3D Graphics File Formats: A Programmer's Reference] by Keith Rule (1996)
* [http://www.amazon.com/More-File-Formats-Popular-Software/dp/0471850772/ More File Formats for Popular PC Software: A Programmer's Reference] by Jeff Walden (1987) '''Copy Acquired!'''
* [http://www.amazon.com/Lotus-File-Formats-1-2-3-Symphony/dp/0201168243/ Lotus File Formats for 1-2-3 Symphony & Jazz: File Structure Descriptions for Developers] from Lotus, Inc. (1986)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Inside-Windows-File-Formats-Swan/dp/0672303388/ Inside Windows File Formats] by Tom Swan (Nov 1993)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Internet-File-Formats-Complete-Receiving/dp/188357756X/ Internet File Formats: Your Complete Resource for Sending, Receiving, and Using Internet Files] by Tim Kientzle (Oct 15, 1995)
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Popular-PC-Software/dp/0471528064/ File Formats for Popular PC Software] by Jeff Walden (Nov 1992)
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Conversions-Book-Developers/dp/155755059X/ PC File Formats and Conversions/Book and Disk (Developers Series)] by Ralf Kussmann (Mar 1990)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Windows-Undocumented-Formats-Working-Inside/dp/0879304375/ Windows Undocumented File Formats; Working Inside 16- and 32- bit Windows] by Pete Davis (Jan 23, 1997)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-Complete-Reference/dp/0070375321/ Graphics File Formats: The Complete Reference] by John R. Levine and David C. Kay (May 1992)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Using-Pcx-Graphics-Files-Programmers/dp/0879304324/ Using Pcx Graphics Files: The Programmer's Definitive Guide to Pcx File Formats] by Roger T. Stevens (Apr 1, 1996)
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Handbook-Gunter-Born/dp/1850321175/ The File Formats Handbook] by Gunter Born (Sep 1995)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Window-System-Formats-Application-Conventions/dp/1872630154/ X Window System File Formats and Application Conventions (X11R4)] by The Open Group (Jul 17, 1991)
* [http://www.iasa-web.org/audio-preservation-tc04 Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Audio Objects] by IASA (2009)

==Other Useful Materials and Services==

* http://www.nsrl.nist.gov/ National Software Reference Library (see also http://blogs.loc.gov/digitalpreservation/2012/05/life-saving-the-national-software-reference-library/)
* http://www.openplanetsfoundation.org/software/fido Format Identification for Digital Objects
* https://github.com/usnationalarchives/File-Analyzer File Analyzer
* http://sk1project.org/modules.php?name=products&product=uniconvertor UniConvertor is a universal vector graphics translator. It is a command line tool which uses sK1 object model to convert one format to another
* http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/
* http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/SPR/Digital+Preservation+Tools Wiki list of digital preservation tool lists
* http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/REQ/Digital+Preservation+and+Data+Curation+Requirements+and+Solutions Digital Preservation and Data Curation Requirements and Solutions. Not classified by formats, but by datasets, issues and solutions.
* http://fileformats.wordpress.com/ - The File Formats Blog
* http://www.archive.org/details/cdbbsarchive - The Internet Archive has over 1,500 CD-ROMs loaded with shareware, and with that comes converters, documentation and other vital works related to file formats.
* [http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/SPR/Crowd+sourced+Representation+Information+for+Supporting+Preservation+(cRIsp) Crowd sourced Representation Information for Supporting Preservation (cRIsp)]
* [http://www.nsrl.nist.gov/ National Software Reference Library]
* [http://mediatypes.appspot.com/ Linked Data URIs for MIME Types]
* http://darwinsys.com/file/ UNIX file(1) format guessing utility
* http://www.filesignatures.net/ Online database of file signatures (magic numbers)
* http://www.garykessler.net/library/file_sigs.html List of file signatures (magic numbers)
* [http://paulbourke.net/dataformats/ Data Formats from Paul Bourke] Useful information on older formats. Categories include Geometric (e.g., 3-D), Audio, and Image.
* [http://www.martinreddy.net/gfx/ Graphics File Formats page from Martin Reddy] Useful information on older formats. Categories are: 2-D and 3-D, with supplementary resources.
* [http://samples.multimedia.cx/ LibAV Sample Files collection, over 50GB]
* http://www.corel.com/content/pdf/wpx4/corel-wordperfect-office-X4-reviewers-guide.pdf Corel WordPerfect Office Reviewers Guide, Appendix A gives useful overview of old Office formats + their typical file extensions.
* http://documentation.statsoft.com/STATISTICAHelp.aspx?path=common/CommonMenus/CompatibleDocumentTypes Some info on formats of / compatible with Statsoft Statistica
* http://web-beta.archive.org/web/20100210224635/http://medlem.spray.se/converters Loads of DOS / Windows conversion programs - this appears to be the most recent grab held by the Internet Archive
* http://code.google.com/p/ksfl/ Project to read/write various container formats
* http://www.kreativekorp.com/swdownload/wildfire/HC%20FILE%20FORMAT%202010.TXT Description of the [[HyperCard stack]] file format
* [http://mediaarchaeologylab.com/ Media Archeology Lab]
* [https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_dec Bitsavers document library of DEC manuals]
* [http://www.documentliberation.org/ Document Liberation Project]
* [http://qanda.digipres.org/80/unusual-sources-of-file-format-signatures Unusual sources of file format signatures]
* [http://www.deadmedia.org/ The Dead Media Project]
* [http://archives.govt.nz/advice/guidance-and-standards/guidance-subject/digital-recordkeeping/advice-file-formats-creation-di Advice on File Formats for the Creation of Digital Records] (Archives New Zealand)
* [http://www.avpreserve.com/papers-and-presentations/an-introduction-to-using-the-command-line-interface-to-work-with-files-and-directories/ An introduction to using the command line interface to work with files and directories]
* [http://www.digipres.org/ DigiPres Commons Community-owned digital preservation resources]
* [http://www.digipres.org/tools/ POWRR Tool Grid]

Sources

2014-12-05T08:51:35Z

PaulWise: hachoir file format resources

__NOTOC__
If you're looking for places to pull either file format information, or to verify stuff you've found, or to go that extra mile to track down variations, here's some similar endeavors and items.

==List of Places Keeping Track of Formats==

* [http://www.forensicswiki.org/wiki/Category:File_Formats Forensics Wiki]
* http://archivematica.org/preservation
* http://www.fileformat.info/
* http://www.ace.net.nz/tech/TechFileFormat.html
* http://wotsit.org/ - their download page is broken. need to ping webmaster about that.
* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats_%28alphabetical%29
** Also [[wikipedia:Template:Infobox file format]] ([http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3AWhatLinksHere&limit=500&target=Template%3AInfobox+file+format&namespace=0 pages using this template])
* http://unarchiver.c3.cx/formats
* [[Sources/PRONOM|The PRONOM format registry]].
* http://wiki.multimedia.cx/
* http://archive.org/download/file-format-encyclopedia/fileformat.zip/
* http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/descriptions.shtml
* http://www.udfr.org/, see also http://gdfr.info/.
* http://gitorious.org/re-lab Tools & specs from re-lab- graphics formats, and office formats
* http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/documents/AudioFormats/index.html - Documentation, details, specs, and samples for a handful of audio formats
* http://wiki.xentax.com/index.php/Game_File_Format_Central This wiki is the home of the most game (archive) file format knowledge in the world.
* http://rewiki.regengedanken.de has some more game related reverse engineering
* http://mark0.net/soft-trid-e.html Home to TrID, which can identify a vast number of file formats using an updateable database
* http://mark0.net/soft-trid-deflist.html Online searchable version of the TrID database file
* http://file-extension.net/seeker/ Metasearch engine for file extensions - Find info about unknown file extensions or filetypes
* http://www.vgmpf.com/Wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page - the Videogame Music Preservation Foundation Wiki has information on a number of formats used to play back videogame music
* http://hackipedia.org/File%20formats/ - loads of info on various formats here
* http://wiki.mobileread.com/wiki/E-book_formats - detailed information on eBook formats.
* http://mediapedia.nla.gov.au/ - "The Mediapedia resource is intended to enable the identification of various physical media carrier types for assisting with collection planning, assessment, documentation, infrastructure and preservation planning for the content they hold. These could include media across various genres such as cine, video, photo, audio, data, paper carriers, microfilm, etc."
* http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/TR/Formats - Small list of formats with detailed descriptions of some known access/preservation problems.
* [http://registry.dcc.ac.uk:8080/RegistryWeb/Registry/ CASPAR/DCC Representation Information Repository]
* [http://theswo.sourceforge.net/ The Software Ontology]
* [http://keep-totem.co.uk/ KEEP Totem] also covers software, hardware etc.
* [http://cultureandcommunication.org/deadmedia/index.php/Main_Page Dead Media Archives]
* [http://www.fid3.com/file-formats The >4000 formats known to FI Tools], [http://www.fid3.com/formats-ext1 by extension], [http://www.fid3.com/formats-mime by MIME type]
* [http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/2.7/Lib/mimetypes.py#l402 Python sourcecode for mimetypes module]
* /etc/mimetypes on *nix systems defines a number of file formats and [[mimetypes]]
* http://www.iasa-web.org/tc04/key-digital-principles - Recommended Audio formats by Audiovisual Archives and Institutions
* http://www.gpsbabel.org/capabilities.html - List of formats used by GPS devices
* http://www.microsoft.com/openspecifications/en/us/programs/osp/office-file-formats/default.aspx Microsoft's Open Document Specifications
* http://mamedev.org/source/src/lib/formats/index.html http://mamedev.org/source/src/mess/formats/index.html - format handlers for disk images, cassette images, and memory snapshots/quickloads in the MESS source code
* http://minidisc.org alot of minidisc related info
* http://cool.conservation-us.org/ Conservation Online
* http://filext.com/ File Extensions with Mime types
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats_(alphabetical) Wikipedia list of file formats (alphabetical)
* http://ist.uwaterloo.ca/~schepers/formats.html The C64 file formats list
* http://3dbrew.org/wiki/Category:File_formats Nintendo 3DS file formats
* http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/index.html IANA MIME Media Types - lots of useful info here and often quite detailed as well
* http://gitorious.org/msoscheme msoscheme is a project that creates a machine readable description of the binary file formats of Microsoft Office
* http://www.schnarff.com/file-formats/ File Formats documentation collection
* http://the-fr.org/ The Format Registry
* http://www.freebase.com/computer/file_format?instances= Freebase instances in category "File Format"
* https://bitbucket.org/haypo/hachoir/wiki/FileFormatResources

==Emulation==

* http://nonmess.retrogames.com/ - Emulator listing for various computer formats, including MESS and single-machine emulators.
* [http://emuframework.sourceforge.net/ The Emulation Framework] is software developed by the international KEEP project, co-funded by the European Union's 7th Framework Programme.

==Books==

* [http://www.amazon.com/Compressed-Image-File-Formats-JPEG/dp/0201604434/ Compressed Image File Formats: JPEG, PNG, GIF, XBM, BMP] by John Miano (1999)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Encyclopedia-Graphics-File-Formats-Reference/dp/1565921615/ Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats] by James D. Murray and William VanRyper (1994, 1996) '''Copy Acquired!''' Refer to the [[Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats|main article]].
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-David-Kay/dp/0070340250/ Graphics File Formats] by David C. Kay and John R. Levine (1994)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-Reference-Guide/dp/0133034054/ Graphics File Formats: Reference and Guide] by C. Wayne Brown, Barry J. Shepherd (1994)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Formats-Popular-Personal-Computer-Software/dp/0471836710/ File Formats for Popular Personal Computer Software: A Programmer's Reference (Self-teaching Guides)] by Jeff Walden (1986) '''Copy Acquired!'''
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Internet-Guide-Users/dp/0871114410 File Formats on the Internet: A Guide for PC Users] by Allison B. Zhang (1996) '''Copy Acquired!'''
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-Programmers-Reference/dp/0201488353/ 3D Graphics File Formats: A Programmer's Reference] by Keith Rule (1996)
* [http://www.amazon.com/More-File-Formats-Popular-Software/dp/0471850772/ More File Formats for Popular PC Software: A Programmer's Reference] by Jeff Walden (1987) '''Copy Acquired!'''
* [http://www.amazon.com/Lotus-File-Formats-1-2-3-Symphony/dp/0201168243/ Lotus File Formats for 1-2-3 Symphony & Jazz: File Structure Descriptions for Developers] from Lotus, Inc. (1986)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Inside-Windows-File-Formats-Swan/dp/0672303388/ Inside Windows File Formats] by Tom Swan (Nov 1993)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Internet-File-Formats-Complete-Receiving/dp/188357756X/ Internet File Formats: Your Complete Resource for Sending, Receiving, and Using Internet Files] by Tim Kientzle (Oct 15, 1995)
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Popular-PC-Software/dp/0471528064/ File Formats for Popular PC Software] by Jeff Walden (Nov 1992)
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Conversions-Book-Developers/dp/155755059X/ PC File Formats and Conversions/Book and Disk (Developers Series)] by Ralf Kussmann (Mar 1990)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Windows-Undocumented-Formats-Working-Inside/dp/0879304375/ Windows Undocumented File Formats; Working Inside 16- and 32- bit Windows] by Pete Davis (Jan 23, 1997)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Graphics-File-Formats-Complete-Reference/dp/0070375321/ Graphics File Formats: The Complete Reference] by John R. Levine and David C. Kay (May 1992)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Using-Pcx-Graphics-Files-Programmers/dp/0879304324/ Using Pcx Graphics Files: The Programmer's Definitive Guide to Pcx File Formats] by Roger T. Stevens (Apr 1, 1996)
* [http://www.amazon.com/File-Formats-Handbook-Gunter-Born/dp/1850321175/ The File Formats Handbook] by Gunter Born (Sep 1995)
* [http://www.amazon.com/Window-System-Formats-Application-Conventions/dp/1872630154/ X Window System File Formats and Application Conventions (X11R4)] by The Open Group (Jul 17, 1991)
* [http://www.iasa-web.org/audio-preservation-tc04 Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Audio Objects] by IASA (2009)

==Other Useful Materials and Services==

* http://www.nsrl.nist.gov/ National Software Reference Library (see also http://blogs.loc.gov/digitalpreservation/2012/05/life-saving-the-national-software-reference-library/)
* http://www.openplanetsfoundation.org/software/fido Format Identification for Digital Objects
* https://github.com/usnationalarchives/File-Analyzer File Analyzer
* http://sk1project.org/modules.php?name=products&product=uniconvertor UniConvertor is a universal vector graphics translator. It is a command line tool which uses sK1 object model to convert one format to another
* http://www.textfiles.com/programming/FORMATS/
* http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/SPR/Digital+Preservation+Tools Wiki list of digital preservation tool lists
* http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/REQ/Digital+Preservation+and+Data+Curation+Requirements+and+Solutions Digital Preservation and Data Curation Requirements and Solutions. Not classified by formats, but by datasets, issues and solutions.
* http://fileformats.wordpress.com/ - The File Formats Blog
* http://www.archive.org/details/cdbbsarchive - The Internet Archive has over 1,500 CD-ROMs loaded with shareware, and with that comes converters, documentation and other vital works related to file formats.
* [http://wiki.opf-labs.org/display/SPR/Crowd+sourced+Representation+Information+for+Supporting+Preservation+(cRIsp) Crowd sourced Representation Information for Supporting Preservation (cRIsp)]
* [http://www.nsrl.nist.gov/ National Software Reference Library]
* [http://mediatypes.appspot.com/ Linked Data URIs for MIME Types]
* http://darwinsys.com/file/ UNIX file(1) format guessing utility
* http://www.filesignatures.net/ Online database of file signatures (magic numbers)
* http://www.garykessler.net/library/file_sigs.html List of file signatures (magic numbers)
* [http://paulbourke.net/dataformats/ Data Formats from Paul Bourke] Useful information on older formats. Categories include Geometric (e.g., 3-D), Audio, and Image.
* [http://www.martinreddy.net/gfx/ Graphics File Formats page from Martin Reddy] Useful information on older formats. Categories are: 2-D and 3-D, with supplementary resources.
* [http://samples.multimedia.cx/ LibAV Sample Files collection, over 50GB]
* http://www.corel.com/content/pdf/wpx4/corel-wordperfect-office-X4-reviewers-guide.pdf Corel WordPerfect Office Reviewers Guide, Appendix A gives useful overview of old Office formats + their typical file extensions.
* http://documentation.statsoft.com/STATISTICAHelp.aspx?path=common/CommonMenus/CompatibleDocumentTypes Some info on formats of / compatible with Statsoft Statistica
* http://web-beta.archive.org/web/20100210224635/http://medlem.spray.se/converters Loads of DOS / Windows conversion programs - this appears to be the most recent grab held by the Internet Archive
* http://code.google.com/p/ksfl/ Project to read/write various container formats
* http://www.kreativekorp.com/swdownload/wildfire/HC%20FILE%20FORMAT%202010.TXT Description of the [[HyperCard stack]] file format
* [http://mediaarchaeologylab.com/ Media Archeology Lab]
* [https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_dec Bitsavers document library of DEC manuals]
* [http://www.documentliberation.org/ Document Liberation Project]
* [http://qanda.digipres.org/80/unusual-sources-of-file-format-signatures Unusual sources of file format signatures]
* [http://www.deadmedia.org/ The Dead Media Project]
* [http://archives.govt.nz/advice/guidance-and-standards/guidance-subject/digital-recordkeeping/advice-file-formats-creation-di Advice on File Formats for the Creation of Digital Records] (Archives New Zealand)
* [http://www.avpreserve.com/papers-and-presentations/an-introduction-to-using-the-command-line-interface-to-work-with-files-and-directories/ An introduction to using the command line interface to work with files and directories]
* [http://www.digipres.org/ DigiPres Commons Community-owned digital preservation resources]
* [http://www.digipres.org/tools/ POWRR Tool Grid]

CHM

2014-12-05T04:36:20Z

PaulWise: some more links

{{FormatInfo
|formattype=electronic
|subcat=Help files
|extensions={{ext|chm}}
|pronom={{PRONOM|fmt/634}}
|released=1997
}}
[[CHM]] (Compiled HTML Help) is a Microsoft format for help files. While it is proprietary, it has been reverse engineered, and many software applications can read it.

== See also ==

* [[HLP (WinHelp)]]

== Software ==

* [https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/chmdeco chmdeco]
* [http://portableapps.com/apps/office/kchmviewer-portable KchmViewer]
* [http://www.cabextract.org.uk/libmspack/ libmspack]
* [http://www.jedrea.com/chmlib/ chmlib]
* [http://www.russotto.net/chm/ CHM Tools]
* [[7-Zip]]

== Links and references ==

* [http://chmspec.nongnu.org/latest/ chmspec]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Compiled_HTML_Help Wikipedia article]

[[Category:Microsoft]]